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It is a liquid nitrogen powered vehicle. Propulsion systems are cryogenic heat engines in
Liquid Nitrogen(LN2)
Liquid Nitrogen is the cheapest, widely produced and
Inter cooler
Atmospheric
Dust Precipitator
Turbo pumps
Air passes
Distillation
Insulated chamber
Nozzle
Dewar Flask
It is then compressed inside large turbo pumps to about 100 atmospheres. Once the air has been cooled to room temperature it is allowed to expand rapidly through a nozzle into an insulated chamber. By running several cycles the temperature of the chamber becomes low enough. The air entering it starts to liquefy.
Liquid nitrogen is removed from the chamber by fractional distillation and is stored inside well-insulated Dewar flasks .
pushes the liquid nitrogen out of the Dewar that serves as a fuel tank. A primary heat exchanger that heats (using atmospheric heat) LN2 to form N2 gas, then heats gas under pressure to near atmospheric temperature. An Expander to provide work to the drive shaft of the vehicle. An economizer or a secondary heat exchanger, which preheats the liquid N2 coming out from the pressurized tank taking heat from the exhaust.
Principle of Operation:
LN2 at 320oF (-196oC) is pressurized and then
vaporized in a heat exchanger by ambient temperature of the surrounding air. This heat exchanger is like the radiator of a car but instead of using air to cool water, it uses air to heat and boil liquid nitrogen. Liquid N2 passing through the primary heat exchanger quickly reaches its boiling point. The N2 expands to a gas with a pressure of 150 psi.
friendly.
A cryogenic car could have three times the range of an
Drawbacks:
The N2 passing through the tubes of the heat exchanger is
so cold that the moisture in the surrounding air would condense on the outside of the tubes, obstructing the air flow.
in a poorly ventilated space and, if the Nitrogen leaks off, it could prove fatal.
Turning N2 gas into a liquid requires a lot of energy. So
while cryogenic cars have zero emissions, they rely on energy produced at emission generating power plants.
Probable Solutions:
A tube within a tube design.
N2 passes back and forth inside a set of three nested
tubes. By the time it reaches the outermost tubes, the N2 is warm enough that the exterior wall of the tube remains above the freezing point of water. Route the exhaust from the fossil fuel power plants through cryogenic plants, so that the pollutants and the greenhouse gases could be condensed for later disposal
Efficiency:
The LN2 car can travel 15 miles on a full (48 gallon)
Conclusion:
In a real sense, the more such vehicles are used, the
vehicles, refueling using current technology can take only a few minutes, which is very similar to current gas refueling times.
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