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CHNG 4: PHN TCH MT S CH TIU TRONG THC PHM

Phn tch hm lng protid 1. nh ngha 2. Xc nh hm lng protid th 3. Xc nh hm lng amoniac

NH NGHA
V

phng din ha hc, protid l nhng cht hu c m thnh phn cu to gm C, H, O, N c khi cn c thm P v S. Protid gm cc acid amin (amino acid) v nhng hp cht (peptit, protein) khi thy phn cho mt hoc nhiu loi acid amin.

XC NH HM LNG PROTID TH

NGUYN TC XC NH HM LNG
PROTID TH
V

nguyn tc, protid th trong thc phm c nh lng bng cch xc nh lng nit ton phn v kt qu nhn vi 6,25. protid ng vt, hm lng N ton phn thng cao hn 16% (16-17%), nhng thc vt th hm lng ny li thp hn 16%.

Th d: La m v cc ch phm: 6.95 Sa v cc ch phm: 6.38 Thc phm ngun gc ng vt: 6.25 Khoai ty, go v cc ch phm: 6.25 Thc n gia sc: 6.25 Ng, tng, la mch, la i mch: 6.00 u , kh lc: 5.70 Kh du bng, kh du lanh: 5.50

XC NH NIT TON PHN BNG PHNG PHP KJELDAHL

A. NGUYN TC
V

c ha thc phm bng H2SO4 m c v cht xc tc.


Protein, polypeptit, pepton v cc hp cht cha nit H2SO4 c, to Xc tc

(NH4)2SO4 + SO2 + CO2 + H 2O

mt kim mnh (NaOH hoc KOH) y NH3 t mui (NH4)2SO4 hnh thnh ra th t do. (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH = 2NH3 + 2H2O + Na2SO4
Dng

nh

lng NH3 bng mt acid (phng php trc tip) 2NH3 + H3BO3 (NH4)2B4O7 + 5H2O (NH4)2B4O7 + 2HCl + 5H2O 4H3BO3 + 2NH4Cl

Hoc

c th s dng H2SO4 0,1N d, chun lng H2SO4 d bng dung dch NaOH 0,1N (phng php gin tip): 2NH3 + H2SO4 = (NH4)2SO4 2NaOH + H2SO4 (d)= Na2SO4 + 2H2O

B. DNG C

HA CHT THIT B

Bnh Kjeldahl dung tch 500ml

B v c ha mu nhiu ng

HA CHT dch H2SO4 m c Hn hp xc tc CuSO4 : K2SO4 = 1:10 Dung dch H3BO3 4% pH=5,5 Dung dch NaOH 30% Dung dch HCl 0,1N Dung dch NaOH 0,1N Dung dch H2SO4 0,1N Dung dch Phenolphthalein 1%, dung dch Tashiro hoc Alirazin natri sunfonat Giy qu
Dung

B ct m Kjeldahl 1. Bnh hng 5. Bp in 2. Bnh ct 7. Bnh cu 3, 6, 9. Kha 8. Bnh ra 4. Phu 10. ng sinh hn

C. TIN HNH

V c ha mu Tin hnh ct m Chun Tnh kt qu

Bc

1: V c ha mu

Cn chnh xc m(g) mu hoc V (ml) dung dch mu cho vo bnh Kjeldahl dung tch 500ml. Thm 2g hn hp xc tc CuSO4 : K2SO4 vo bnh. Rt t t theo thnh bnh 10-20ml H2SO4 m c.

V c ha mu bng b ph mu nhiu ng

Bc

2: Tin hnh ct m

Cho vo bnh hng acid H3BO3 4%, vi git Tashiro

Bc

2: Tin hnh ct m

Mu sau khi v c ha c a vo bnh ct qua phu (4), thm vi git Phenolphtalein v NaOH 30% d

Bc

2: Tin hnh ct m

Ti bnh ct xy ra phn ng: (NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH = 2NH3 + 2H2O + Na2SO4

Bc

2: Tin hnh ct m

Ti bnh hng xy ra phn ng: 2NH3 + H3BO3 (NH4)2B4O7 + 5H2O

Bc

2: Tin hnh ct m

Bc 3: Chun

Chun dung dch trong bnh hng bng dung dch HCl 0,1N

Phng trnh phn ng: (NH4)2B4O7 + 2HCl + 5H2O 4H3BO3 + 2NH4Cl

Bc

4: Tnh kt qu Hm lng nit ton phn c tnh theo cng thc: i vi mu rn:

i vi mu lng:

Trong : V: th tch dung dch HCl 0,1N (ml) N: ng lng dung dch HCl Vm: th tch mu th (ml) m: khi lng mu th (g)

i vi mu rn: i vi mu lng:

Trong : V: th tch dung dch HCl 0,1N (ml) N: ng lng dung dch HCl Vm: th tch mu th (ml) m: khi lng mu th (g)

i vi mu rn: 2NH3 + H3BO3 (NH4)2B4O7 + 5H2O (NH4)2B4O7 + 2HCl + 5H2O 4H3BO3 + 2NH4Cl

oNu chun hm lng NH3 bay ra bng phng php gin tip. oHm lng nit ton phn c tnh theo cng thc sau:
i

vi mu rn: vi mu lng:

Trong : V1: th tch dung dch NaOH 0,1N V2, N: th tch, ng lng dung dch H2SO40,1N Vm: th tch mu th (ml) m: khi lng mu th (g) F: h s hiu chnh nng dung dch NaOH 0,1N
i

vi mu rn: vi mu lng:

Trong : V1: th tch dung dch NaOH 0,1N V2, N: th tch, ng lng dung dch H2SO40,1N Vm: th tch mu th (ml) m: khi lng mu th (g) F: h s hiu chnh nng dung dch NaOH 0,1N
i

vi mu rn:

2NH3 + H2SO4 = (NH4)2SO4


2NaOH + H2SO4 (d)= Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Mt

s im lu trong qu trnh ct m:
Dung

dch trong bnh ct b ht v pha bnh thi C th thay th ch th Tashiro bng ch th Metyl 1% pha trong cn. Trong qu trnh ct m nu lng acid sunfuric b thiu, cn thm mt lng acid sunfuric vo bnh hng.

H thng v c ha mu nhiu bnh

B v c ha mu t ng

My ct m t ng Vapodest

Clip

v phng php xc nh m trong nc nm bng phng php Kjeldahl

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