Basics of Heat Exchangers

P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department I I T Delhi

Creation of Heat Exchanger Anatomy!!!

Generation of Motive Power was the Mother of Heat Exchanger Invention

The Role of Hxs in the 21st Century Heat exchangers serve a straightforward purpose: controlling a systems or substances temperature by adding or removing thermal energy.

Devices for Energy Mediation in Thermal Engineering

A Device to facilitate transfer of energy by using an action called Heat or Heat transfer. Enhances the value of Fuel energy. Facilitates energy conservation in any industry. A great tool for control of thermal environment. A Good Heat Exchanger is a True Mediator.

Syllabus Device Basis

Basic Concepts in Heat Exchangers Scientific Evolution. Basic design methods for heat exchanger Tube in tube / double pipe Hxs. Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers Kern Method Bell Delware method - The stream analysis method. Network of Hext exchangers. Computerized methods for design and analysis of heat exchanger. Performance enhancement of heat exchanger, fouling of heat exchanger. Plate heat exchanger, Compact heat exchanger, Testing evaluation and maintenance of heat exchanger. Power plant heat exchanger, heat exchanger for heat recovery at low, medium and high temperatures. Regenerators, Principles of boiler design, recuperators, matrix heat exchanger and heat pipe exchanger. Furnaces, Radiative heat exchangers. Direct contact heat exchangers cooling towers. Recent developments in heat exchangers

Syllabus Concept Basis.

1. Construction Details and Heat Transfer Types, Shell and Tube Heat Exchangers, Regenerators and Recuperators, Industrial applications. Temperature distribution and its implications, LMTD, Effectiveness. 2. Flow Distribution and Stress Analysis Effect of Turbulence, Friction factor, Pressure loss, Channel divergence. Thermal Stress in tubes, Types of failures. 3. Design Aspects Heat Transfer and pressure loss, Flow Configuration, Effect of Baffles, effect of Deviations from ideality, Design of Typical liquid, Gas-Gas-Liquid Heat Exchangers, Plate Heat Exchangers. 4. Condensors and Evaporators Design (9) Design of Surface and Evaporative Condensors, Design of Shell and Tube, Plate type evaporators. 5. Cooling Towers (9) Packings, Spray design, Selection of pumps, Fans and Pipes, Testing and Maintenance, Experimental Methods.

References
Process Heat Transfer, CRC Press, G F Hewuttm G L Shires and T R Bott,1994. Fundamentals of Heat Exchanger Design, John Wiley & Sons., R K Shah and D P Sekulic,2003. Heat Exchangers, CRC Press, A Kakac, H Liu, 2002. Handbook for Heat Exchangers and Tube Banks Design, D. Annaratone , Springer Verlag, 2010. Compact Heat Exchangers, Pergamon, J.E. Hesselgreaves, 2001. Advances in Thermal Design of Heat Exchangers, Eric M Smith, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005. Literature from Web.

Evaluation

Minors & Majors 60 % Design Assignments 20 % Course Project 20%

A First Step in Learning about A HX.

Thermodynamic Perspective of HX.

The rate of enthalpy gained by a cold fluid

Q absorbed m cold fluid (hhot cf hcold cf )

The rate enthalpy lost by hot fluid

Q donated m hot fluid (hhot hf hcold hf )

Thermal Energy Balance:

Q absorbed Q donated

Heat Transfer Perspective of HX.

How can hot fluid loose thermal energy? How can cold fluid gain thermal energy?

Q absorbed Q donated
How to model this mutual interaction?
Q newton UAeffectiveTeffective

Overall Coefficient of Heat Transfer, U