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555 Timers Monostable and Astable modes, 556 Function Generator ICs and their Applications. Three Terminal IC Regulators, IC 566 Voltage Controlled Oscillators, IC 565 PLL and its Applications.
KINTALI MANOHAR
M.Tech (P.S.C&A), PGDES,(Ph.D),M.I.S.T.E ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF E.E.E, G.I.T, GITAM UNIVERISITY, RUSHIKONDA, VISAKHAPATNAM - 530 045 Mobile: +91-9949605201
555 TIMER
This integrated circuit can be used to generate stable time delays like
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Pin 1
Name GND
Purpose
Ground, low level (0 V) All voltages are measured with respect to this terminal
OUT rises, and interval starts, when this input falls below 1/3 VCC.
TRIG
OUT
RESET
CTRL
"Control" access to the internal voltage divider (by default, 2/3 VCC).
THR
The interval ends when the voltage at THR is greater than at CTRL.
DIS
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+VCC
+ Vcc. The supply voltage of +5V and +18 V is applied to this pin with respect to ground. LIC&A UNIT:3 Other Linear IC'S 8
pin.
The output is low if the voltage at this pin is greater than 2/3 Vcc. When a negative going pulse of amplitude larger than 1/3 Vcc is applied to this pin, the Comparator 2 output goes low, Which in turn switches the output of the timer high. The output terminal is high as long as the trigger terminal is held at low voltage
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between pin 3 and ground pin is called the normally off load.
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When this pin is not to be used for reset purpose, it should be connected to + VCC to
avoid any possibility of false triggering.
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555 Timer connected as a monostable multivibrator input and output wave forms
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Sequential timing
Pulse shaping Pulse generator Missing pulse detector Tone burst generator Pulse width modulation Time delay generator
Frequency division
Touch-Tone[encoder Industrial controls Pulse position modulation Appliance timing
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Often, the last two digits of the device number are the output voltage; e.g., a 7805 is a +5 V regulator, while a 7915 is a -15 V regulator.
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What is a PLL?
Digital frequency control system
Generate high speed oscillations Acquire and track signals
Radio Frequency Demodulation RF communications
Modeling a PLL
Parts of a PLL
Phase Detector Filter Voltage Controlled Oscillator Programmable Counter
Parts of a PLL
Phase Detector
Acts as comparator Produces a voltage proportional to the phase difference between input and output signal Voltage becomes a control signal
Parts of a PLL
Filter
Determines dynamic characteristics of PLL
Specify Capture Range (bandwidth) Specify Tracking Range
Parts of a PLL
Voltage Controlled Oscillator
Set tuning range Set noise margin Creates low noise clock oscillation
Parts of a PLL
Divider
Divides the VCO output by the degree of the open loop gain Feedback loop allows phase comparison
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VCO
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VCO
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Filters
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IC 565
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IC 565
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IC 565
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Phase detector
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