Introduction

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Course Objectives

After completing this course, you should be able to do the following: Install, create, and administer Oracle Database 10g Configure the database for an application Employ basic monitoring procedures Implement a backup and recovery strategy Move data between databases and files

1-2

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Suggested Schedule
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction Installation DB Creation Instance Storage Users Schema Data & Concurrency 13. Performance 14. Backup & Recovery Concepts 15. Backup 16. Recovery 17. Flashback 18. Moving Data

9. 10. 11. 12.

1-3

Undo Security Network Proactive Maintenance

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Lesson Objectives

After completing this lesson, you should be able to do the following: Describe the course objectives Explain the Oracle Database 10g architecture

1-4

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Products and Services

Oracle databases Oracle Application Server Oracle applications Oracle Collaboration Suite Oracle Developer Suite Oracle services

1-5

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Database 10g: g Stands for Grid

Global Grid Forum (GGF) Oracles grid infrastructure:
Low cost High quality of service Easy to manage
Storage grid Database grid Application grid Grid control

Automatic Storage Management

1-6

Real Application Clusters

Oracle Streams

Enterprise Manager Grid Control

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Database Architecture

An Oracle server: Is a database management system that provides an open, comprehensive, integrated approach to information management Consists of an Oracle instance and an Oracle database

1-8

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Database Structures

DB structures - Memory - Process - Storage

Memory structures

Instance System Global Area (SGA)

Process structures

Background processes

Storage structures

Database files

1-9

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Memory Structures

DB structures . > Memory Process Storage

Server process 1

PGA

Server process 2

PGA

Background process

PGA

SGA Shared pool

Streams pool

Large pool

Java pool

Database buffer cache

Redo log buffer

1-10

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Process Structures

DB structures Memory > Process Storage

PGA

Instance SGA

User process

Server process

Background processes

1-12

User process: Is started at the time a database user requests a connection to the Oracle server Server process: Connects to the Oracle instance and is started when a user establishes a session Background processes: Are started when an Oracle instance is started
Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Oracle Instance Management

SGA Shared pool Streams pool Large pool

Java pool

Database buffer cache

Redo log buffer

System Monitor (SMON)

Process Monitor (PMON)

Database Writer (DBWn)

LogWriter (LGWR)

Archive log files

Checkpoint (CKPT)

Control files
Data files Redo log files

Archiver (ARCn)

1-13

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Server Process and Database Buffer Cache

Server process

SGA

Database buffer cache

Buffers: Pinned Clean Free or unused Dirty

DBWn Data files

1-14

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Physical Database Structure

DB structures Memory Process > Storage

Control files

Data files

Online redo log files

Parameter file

Backup files

Archive log files

Password file
1-15

Alert and trace log files

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Tablespaces and Data Files

Tablespaces consist of one or more data files. Data files belong to only one tablespace.

Data file 1

Data file 2

USERS tablespace

1-17

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

SYSTEM and SYSAUX Tablespaces

The SYSTEM and SYSAUX tablespaces are mandatory tablespaces. They are created at the time of database creation. They must be online. The SYSTEM tablespace is used for core functionality (for example, data dictionary tables). The auxiliary SYSAUX tablespace is used for additional database components (such as the Enterprise Manager Repository).

1-18

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Segments, Extents, and Blocks

Segments exist within a tablespace. Segments are made up of a collection of extents. Extents are a collection of data blocks. Data blocks are mapped to disk blocks.

Segment

Extents

Data blocks

Disk blocks

1-19

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Logical and Physical Database Structures

Logical Database Physical

Schema

Tablespace

Data file

Segment

Extent

Oracle data block

OS block

1-20

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Course Examples: The HR Schema

REGIONS
REGION_ID (PK) REGION_NAME

COUNTRIES
COUNTRY_ID (PK) COUNTRY_NAME REGION_ID (FK)

JOBS
JOB_ID (PK) JOB_TITLE MIN_SALARY MAX_SALARY

JOB_HISTORY
EMPLOYEE_ID (PK) START_DATE (PK) END_DATE JOB_ID (FK) DEPARTMENT_ID (FK)

LOCATIONS
LOCATION_ID (PK) STREET_ADDRESS POSTAL_CODE CITY STATE_PROVINCE COUNTRY_ID (FK)

EMPLOYEES
EMPLOYEE_ID (PK) FIRST_NAME LAST_NAME EMAIL PHONE_NUMBER HIRE_DATE JOB_ID (FK) SALARY COMMISION_PCT MANAGER_ID (FK) DEPARTMENT_ID (FK)

DEPARTMENTS
DEPARTMENT_ID (PK) DEPARTMENT_NAME MANAGER_ID LOCATION_ID (FK)

1-22

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Database Architecture: Summary of Structural Components

Memory structures:
System Global Area (SGA): Database buffer cache, redo buffer, and various pools Program Global Area (PGA)

Process structures:
User process and Server process Background processes: SMON, PMON, DBWn, CKPT, LGWR, ARCn, and so on

Storage structures:
Logical: Database, schema, tablespace, segment, extent, and Oracle block Physical: Files for data, parameters, redo, and OS block

1-23

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.

Summary

In this lesson, you should have learned how to: Install, create, and administer Oracle Database 10g Configure the database for an application Employ basic monitoring procedures Implement a backup and recovery strategy Move data between databases and files

1-24

Copyright 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.