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Family Planning & Maternal and Child Laws

Group 1 Pardilla Santillana Toledo Torreflores Yanger

Family Planning
Rational, voluntary, and moral management of all the processes of family life Allows individuals to achieve desired birth spacing and family size Contributes to improved health outcomes for infants, children, women, and families

Family Planning
Importance of Family Planning in the Philippines Slow down population growth The Philippines is among the most populous countries in the world, ranking 12th globally, 7th in Asia, and 2nd in the Southeast Asia. Its population continues to increase with an annual growth rate of 1.90 percent.

Family Planning
Importance of Family Planning in the Philippines Reduce maternal deaths
The latest Family Health Survey (FHS) conducted by NSO in 2011 revealed that for every 100,000 live births in the Philippines, 221 mothers die during pregnancy and childbirth or shortly after childbirth. The ratio of maternal deaths to live births increased in 2011 from an estimated 162 deaths from the Family Planning Survey (FPS) in 2006

Family Planning
Importance of Family Planning in the Philippines Improve the quality of life of families
The wealth index showed that women in the poorest households bear more children at an average of 5.2 children per woman compared to an average of 1.9 children per woman in the wealthiest households.

Family Planning
Importance of Family Planning in the Philippines Prevent/reduce unwanted pregnancies
Teenage pregnancies in the Philippines surged by 70 percent over one decade (UNPFA)

23 percent or five million Filipino adolescents aged 15-24 have already engaged in premarital sex; the direct result of which is an increase in the incidence of unplanned pregnancies that lead to abortion.
In the Philippines where abortion is illegal, the numbers are unspeakable: 64,000 abortions annually, based on a study by the World Bank in 2010.

Family Planning
Importance of Family Planning in the Philippines Promotion of a safer sexual behavior
From January to December 2011, the Department of Health recorded 2,349 new HIV Ab Seropositive cases, 2,255 of which are asymptomatic and 94 are full-blown AIDS, 17 of which already died. Female victims accounted 7 percent (156 cases) while males accounted the remaining 93 percent (2,193 cases) of the new cases. As of December 2011, women with HIV/AIDS were recorded at 1,463 cases (17.5%). HIV/AIDS cases for men were higher at 6,890 cases (82.5%)

Family Planning
Types/Methods of Family Planning Contraception Sex Education - assists families by teaching youth how their reproductive
systems function, how to use contraceptives and the truth about pregnancy and birth control

Natural Family Planning


- teach women and their sexual partners how to chart fertility cycles

CONTRACEPTION METHODS Method


Combined oral contraceptives (COCs) or the pill

Description
Contains two hormones (estrogen and progestogen)

How it works
Prevents the release of eggs from the ovaries (ovulation)

Effectiveness
>99% with correct and consistent use

Comments

Progestogen-only pills Contains only (POPs) or "the minipill" progestogen hormone, not estrogen
Implants

Reduces risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer; 92% as commonly should not be taken used while breastfeeding Thickens cervical 99% with correct and Can be used while mucous to block consistent use breastfeeding; must sperm and egg from 9097% as commonly be taken at the same meeting and prevents used time each day ovulation
Health-care provider must insert and remove; can be used for 35 years depending on implant; irregular vaginal bleeding common but not harmful Delayed return to fertility (14 months) after use; irregular vaginal bleeding common, but not harmful

Small, flexible rods or Same mechanism as POPs >99% capsules placed under the skin of the upper arm; contains progestogen hormone only Same mechanism as POPs >99% with correct and consistent use 97% as commonly used

Progestogen only injectable Injected into the muscle every 2 or 3 months, depending on product

Monthly injectables or combined injectable contraceptives (CIC)

Injected monthly into the Same mechanism as COCs >99% with correct and muscle, contains estrogen consistent use and progestogen 97% as commonly used

Irregular vaginal bleeding common, but not harmful

Method

Description

How it works
Copper component damages sperm and prevents it from meeting the egg

Effectiveness
>99%

Comments
Longer and heavier periods during first months of use are common but not harmful; can also be used as emergency contraception Also protects against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV

Intrauterine device (IUD): Small flexible plastic copper containing device containing copper sleeves or wire that is inserted into the uterus

Male condoms

Sheaths or coverings that fit over a man's erect penis

Forms a barrier to prevent sperm and egg from meeting

98% with correct and consistent use

85% as commonly used


Female condoms Sheaths, or linings, that Forms a barrier to fit loosely inside a prevent sperm and egg woman's vagina, made from meeting of thin, transparent, soft plastic film Permanent contraception to block or cut the vas deferens tubes that carry sperm from the testicles Keeps sperm out of ejaculated semen 90% with correct and consistent use Also protects against sexually transmitted infections, including HIV

79% as commonly used


>99% after 3 months semen evaluation 3 months delay in taking effect while stored sperm is still present; does not affect male sexual performance; voluntary and informed choice is essential Voluntary and informed choice is essential

Male sterilization (vasectomy)

Female sterilization (tubal ligation)

Permanent contraception to block or cut the fallopian tubes

Eggs are blocked from meeting sperm

>99%

TRADITIONAL METHODS Method


Withdrawal (coitus interruptus)

Description
Man withdraws his penis from his partner's vagina, and ejaculates outside the vagina, keeping semen away from her external genitalia Calendar-based methods: monitoring fertile days in menstrual cycle; symptom-based methods: monitoring cervical mucus and body temperature

How it works

Effectiveness

Comments
One of the least effective methods, because proper timing of withdrawal is often difficult to determine

Tries to keep sperm 96% with correct out of the woman's and consistent use body, preventing fertilization 73% as commonly

used

Fertility awareness methods (natural family planning or periodic abstinence)

The couple prevents 95-97% with correct pregnancy by and consistent use avoiding unprotected vaginal sex during most fertile days, usually by abstaining or by using condoms

Can be used to identify fertile days by both women who want to become pregnant and women who want to avoid pregnancy. Correct, consistent use requires partner cooperation.

Family Planning
Advantages of Family Planning:
reduces the number of unplanned pregnancies and abortions among women allows women the opportunity to choose when the time is right to have a child gives women the option to wait until they are financially able to care for a child gives the family time to pursue educational and employment goals without worrying about the financial burden of an unplanned pregnancy

Family Planning
Disadvantages of Family Planning: Complications may occur with regular use of contraceptives o Weight gain o Headaches o Dizziness o Nausea o Stroke o Blood clot o Ectopic pregnancy

Maternal and Child Laws


REPUBLIC ACT No. 6111 (Medicare Act)
An act establishing the philippine medical care plan and creating the philippine medical care commission, prescribing its duties, powers and functions, and appropriating funds therefor.

Extend medical care to all residents in an evolutionary way within our economic means and capability as a nation;
Providing the people of the country a practical means of helping themselves pay for adequate medical care To establish a Medical Care Commission

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act No. 6725
An act strengthening the prohibition on discrimination against women with respect to terms and conditions of employment, amending for the purpose article one hundred thirty-five of the labor code, as amended
Prohibits discrimination of women employee with respect to terms and conditions of employment solely on account of her sex

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act No. 9710 (Magna Carta of Women)
An act providing for the magna carta of women
Protection from all forms of violence, including those committed by the state Protection and security in times of disaster, calamities, and other crisis situations Participation and representation in society Equal treatment before the law Equal access and elimination of discrimination of women Comprehensive health services and health information and education Leave benefits Equal rights in all matters relating to marriage and family relations

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act 7322
An act increasing maternity benefits in favor of women workers in the private sector
A covered female employee who has paid at least three monthly maternity contributions in the twelve-month period preceding the semester of her childbirth, abortion or miscarriage and who is currently employed shall be paid a daily maternity benefit equivalent to one hundred percent (100%) of her present basic salary, allowances and other benefits or the cash equivalent of such benefits for sixty (60) days

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act 7600 (Rooming In and Breastfeeding Act of 1992)
An act providing incentives to all government and private hospitals with rooming-in and breastfeeding practices and for other purposes.

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act No. 7610
An act providing for stronger deterrence and special protection against child abuse, exploitation and discrimination, and for other purposes
protect children against child prostitution and other sexual abuse Protect them from child trafficking, obscene publications and indecent shows and other acts of abuse ;and circumstances which endanger child survival and normal development.

Maternal and Child Laws


PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 148
Amending further certain sections of republic act numbered six hundred seventy-nine, as amended, commonly known as the woman and child labor law.
prevention of child labor

Prevention of prostitution Ensures the health and safety of women employees

Maternal and Child Laws


Republic Act No. 9288 (Newborn Screening Law)
An act promulgating a comprehensive policy and a national system for ensuring newborn screening
To ensure that every newborn has access to newborn screening for certain heritable conditions that can result in mental retardation, serious health complications or death if left undetected and untreated To establish and integrate a sustainable newborn screening system within the public health delivery system To ensure that all health practitioners are aware of the advantages of newborn screening and of their respective responsibilities in offering newborns the opportunity to undergo newborn screening To ensure that parents recognize their responsibility in promoting their child's right to health and full development, within the context of responsible parenthood, by protecting their child from preventable causes of disability and death through newborn screening

Maternal and Child Laws


PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 166
Amending presidential decree no. 79, otherwise known as The revised population act of the Philippines"
requires the participation of private organizations and individuals in the formulation and implementation of population planning policies

disseminating both services and information on population control, in line with the Government's own population programs

Maternal and Child Laws


PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 603
THE CHILD AND YOUTH WELFARE CODE
Protect and uphold the rights and responsibilities of children Denounces abortion

Ensures a good quality of life for children

PRESIDENTIAL DECREE No. 966


Provides for compulsory basic immunization for children and infants below 8 years of age.

Maternal and Child Laws


EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 51
Adopting a national code of marketing of breastmilk substitutes, breastmilk supplements and related products, penalizing violations thereof, and for other purposes
ensure that safe and adequate nutrition for infants is provided protect and promote breastfeeding and to inform the public about the proper use of breastmilk substitutes and supplements and related products through adequate, consistent and objective information and appropriate regulation of the marketing and distribution of the said substitutes, supplements and related products

RH BILL
The Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act of 2012 Proposed by Albay Representative Edcel Lagman It aims to: provide its beneficiaries with universal access to medically safe, non-abortifacient, effective, legal, affordable and quality reproductive health care services, methods, devices, supplies which do not prevent the implantation of a fertilized ovum. Project RH education in to the DepEds curriculum provide minors with access to artificial birth control methods in health centers and state-run hospitals if they have written parental consent, or have already given birth or have had miscarriages Disseminate information and provide access to family planning methods

RH BILL
PROS: Prevention of Induced Abortions Providing support and deployment of more Public Health Midwives, Nurses, and Doctors Protection of the Health and Lives of Mothers Reduction of infant deaths

Reduction of Cancer Deaths


Promote Equity for Poor Families Guarantee Funding For and Equal Access to Health Facilities Give Accurate and Positive Sexuality Education to Young People

RH BILL
CONS: undermines the human rights It does not protect the rights of conscience of those that will be responsible for implementing new measure Increase in Contraceptive use leads to higher abortion rate It fails to reaffirm the Philippiness protection of the unborn.

The law is prone to Corruption.

RECOMMENDATIONS
Improve and implement family programs in areas with high IMR and MMR Increase the awareness of the youth through sex education Increase access to information about family planning and maternal health Community leaders should develop strategies and promote family planning to improve the health and the quality of life of the families in their respective communities

Improve government policies which defends the right of women and children against violence and abuse

Sources
http://pcw.gov.ph/statistics/201210/population-familiesand-household-statistics

http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs351/en/inde x.html
http://pcw.gov.ph/law/

http://www.cebujobs.ph/community/4-major-pros-andcons-that-you-should-know-about-the-rh-bill/
http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/331395/gonzales-aquinosigned-rh-bill-into-law http://pcw.gov.ph/statistics/201210/statistics-filipinowomen-and-mens-health-and-family-planning

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