Understanding MSDS Sheets

Vincent J. Giblin, General President

1293 Airport Road Beaver, WV 25813

Phone: (304) 253-8674 Fax: (304) 253-7758 E-mail: hazmat@iuoeiettc.org

This material was produced under grant number 46C5HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S.
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Participants who complete the course will be able to:

Identify employee rights and employer responsibilities concerning MSDSs Identify Health and Safety Hazards and control methods using a sample MSDS Define key terms commonly used on MSDSs Identify limitations of the MSDS

* Objectives are described in detail in the student manual.

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A. Employer must obtain and provide MSDSs

right of employee to request MSDS right of union representative to request MSDS employer must have MSDS readily available employer must have an MSDS for every hazardous chemical used employer must provide MSDS to employee or union

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B. Employer must provide training

general training about the regulation, health and safety hazards and control methods specific training for your workplace hazards

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C. Employer must have written HazCom program D. Employees must follow safety procedures

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 Is this the MSDS for the product I am using? Is the Chemical reactive? Are there other chemicals or substances I should keep away from this chemical? What are the health effects of this product?
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Identity (as on label) Manufacturers Information Hazardous Ingredients Physical/Chemical Characteristics Fire/Explosion Hazard Data Reactivity Data
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 Health Hazard Data Precautions for Safe Handling and Use Control Measures

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Identity (as on label)

NOTE: Blank spaces are not permitted . If any item is not applicable, or no information is available, the space must be marked.
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Manufacturers Information Manufacturers Address

Emergency Phone Information Phone

Date Prepared
Signature
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Hazardous Components

PEL/TLV

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Set by three organizations

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 Usually measured as ppm or as mg/m3 As the PEL goes down, the toxicity usually goes up 8-hour TWA (for working life time TWA=Time Weighted Average

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 ppm = 1 drop of chocolate in 14 gallons of milk 1 shot glass to a tank car 1 hour in 115 years or since the Civil war 1 yard in 10,000 football fields

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$1 $100 $1 $1,000,000 1 1,000,000 1,000,000 1,000,000

= 1 part per hundred = 1% = 1 part per million = 1 part per million

= 1 (the whole) = 100%

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3 mg/m

milligram = 1/29,000 of an ounce

m3 = a cubic meter; a box about 39 x 39 x 39 1/29,000 of an ounce in a box 39 x 39 x 39
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PPM 100

As the PEL goes down... LESS TOXIC The toxicity goes up.

50 10

TOLUENE

ACETIC ACID
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PPM RESPONSE (symptoms or illness) 100

50 As the dose increases, so does the effect. 10 DOSE (concentration/time)

10 50
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100
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Average exposure over 8-hour day

(800 ppm X 8 hrs)
TWA = 8 hours = 800 ppm

(800ppm X 4hrs + 0ppm X 4hrs)

TWA = 8 hours (800 ppm X 10 hrs TWA = 8 hours
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= 400 ppm

= 1,000 ppm
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 Work at 800 ppm for 4 hours; 0 ppm for 4 hours.

Work at 800 ppm for 4 hours; 0 ppm for 4 hours. PEL = 800 ppm. Is the worker overexposed?
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800 600 400 200 0

0 ppm 800 ppm for 4 hours for 4 hours

PEL = 800 ppm

TWA = 400 ppm Worker not overexposed.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 TWA = (800ppm X 4hrs + 0ppm X 4hrs) = 3200+ 0 = 400 ppm

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 Work at 800 ppm for 10 hours. PEL = 500 ppm. Is the worker overexposed?

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1,000

TWA = 1,000 ppm

800
600 400 200 0

PEL = 800 ppm

800 ppm for 10 hours 1

Worker is overexposed.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 (800ppm X 10 hrs) 8,000 TWA = = 1,000 ppm =

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 Product XYZ has an 8 hour TWA of 500 ppm. Workday 7:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. with 1 hour for lunch. Concentration is 600 ppm.
What is the TWA exposure? Is this an over-exposure?
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 Work at 600 ppm for 7 hours; 0 ppm for 1 hour. PEL = 500 ppm. Is the worker overexposed?

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800

600
400 200 0
600 ppm for 4 hours 600 ppm for 3 hours
Lunch

TWA = 525 ppm PEL = 500 ppm

Worker is overexposed.

4 5 6

7 8 9 10 11 12

(600ppm X 4hrs + 0ppm X 1hrs + 600ppm X 3hrs)

2400+ 0 + 1800

8
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= 525 ppm

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PEL STEL Ceiling IDLH

Permissible Exposure Limit Legal limit 8-hour TWA exposure Short Term Exposure Limit maximum 15-minute exposure Exposure to never exceed not even instantaneously

Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health

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Boiling Point Vapor Pressure Vapor Density (Air = 1) Solubility in Water Appearance/Odor

Specific Gravity (Water = 1) Melting Point Evaporation Rate (Butyl Acetate=1)

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Temperature at which liquid turns to gas. As the temperature increases, the chemical releases more Gas and more vapors... At the boiling point, the chemical turns from liquid to gas. The lower the boiling point,the more vapors a chemical releases at room temperature.
Temperature
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Liquid

Weight of chemical compared to water.

Water = 1.0 Lighter than water. Heavier than water.

SG<1
SG>1
The Chemical will float on water The Chemical will sink in water
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The force exerted by a chemical as it changes into a gas

10 mmHg

630 mmHg

The more pressure a chemical exerts against air, the more vapor goes into the air.
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Weight of a vapor in relation to air. Air = 1.0

Heavier than air Same as air Lighter than air

VD = 0.5

VD = 1 VD = 1.2
Hydrogen sulfide Carbon Monoxide

Methane

The larger the number, the heavier the vapor

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Flash Point Flammable Limits Extinguishing Media Special Fire Fighting Procedures

LEL

UEL

Unusual Fire/Explosion Hazards

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Temperature at which a substance releases enough vapors to ignite

200

Ignitable vapors

1650 F Fuel Oil *

100
*FP may vary from 1000 to 1650 F
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Not enough vapors to ignite

EXAMPLES -- boiling water

200

Combustible
Below 2000 F Above 1000 F

-- Coffee
-- Shower -- Workplace

100
degrees F

Flammable
Below 1000 F

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Right Mix

Fuel

TOO RICH

Oxygen (O2)

TOO LEAN

Heat
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10%

100,000

TOO RICH

Fuel

UEL 6.0% (60,000 ppm)

5% 50,000

Heat

FIRE!

Fuel
Heat

Oxygen (O2)

LEL 1.3% (13,000 ppm)

1% 10,000

TOO LEAN
Heat
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Oxygen (O2)

Properties of Gasoline
500 400

4950 F autoignition

300
200 100
combustible flammable -450 F flashpoint
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NFPA
Health Blue

Hazard Identification System

Flammability Red

4 0
W

Reactivity Yellow

White
Radioactive

W Water Reactive
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Stability

Unstable

Stable

Conditions to Avoid

Incompatibility (Materials to Avoid)

Hazardous Decomposition/Byproducts
Hazardous Polymerization

May Occur
Will Not Occur

Conditions to Avoid

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Combine with other chemicals to produce hazardous chemical INCOMPATIBLE or energy byproducts Release oxygen than can support a fire or explosion Combine with other chemicals or itself and release heat Break down or combine easily to produce hazardous chemical or energy byproducts OXIDIZER POLYMIZER UNSTABLE
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REACTIVITY

MONO = 1 POLY = many

join to make polymers 2

A catalyst helps monomers...

3
Oxygen (O2) Fuel

Heat is released!

Enough heat means fire/explosion

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REACTIVITY

Chemicals that react with other chemicals...

Oxygen Heat

Fuel

to release hazardous byproducts or energy...

that cause health or safety hazards

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REACTIVITY

Chemicals containing oxygen ...

2
Oxygen that release it when heated or combined with other chemicals... Fuel

Heat and may support fire/explosion

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Routes of Entry Target Organs

Inhalation

Skin

Ingestion

Health Hazards (Acute & Chronic)

Carcinogenicity

NTP IARC OSHA Regulated

Signs & Symptoms of Exposure

Medical Conditions Aggravated by Exposure

Emergency & First Aid Procedures
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Inhale

Absorb

Ingest

Blood
Bone Brain Glands Liver Kidney

Fat Muscle Heart

Elimination
Sweat, Urine Feces, Exhalation 47 Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

Procedures for Material Release or Spill Waste Disposal Method Handling and Storage Precautions Other Precautions
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Respiratory Protection (Specify Type) Ventilation Local Exhaust Mechanical (General) Special Other Protective Gloves Eye Protection Other Protective Clothing or Equipment Work/Hygienic Practices
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Chemical Substitution Engineering Controls Administrative Procedures Personal Protective Equipment

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Use of safer products to replace less safe products

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Mechanical, electrical, physical barriers or devices used to reduce or isolate hazardous exposures or processes from workers
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Use of scheduling or planning to reduce worker exposures.

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Gear worn to prevent contact with or exposure to hazardous materials.

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This material was produced under grant number 46C5HT16 from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor. It does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the U.S.
Operating Engineers National Hazmat Program

END
This publication was made possible by grant numbers 5 U45 ES06182-13 AND 5 U45 ES09763-13 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), NIH. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS, NIH.
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