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Introduction Design
& Development of Obstacle detector Robot Study of Obstacle sensors Working of microcontroller & Motors Advantages, Disadvantages & Applications 3/21/13 Acknowledgement & References
INTRODUCTION
Robot is a computer-controlled machine that is programmed to move manipulate objects, and accomplish work while interacting with appropriate sensors and actuators mounted on it for carrying out the desired operations. In this robots Infra red pairs are used for sensing the obstacles and IR leads are used for transmitting and receiving infra red rays. Using infrared rays robots will find out the obstacles present in front of them and move right or left from their current position and move forward.
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Obstacle detection robots are nothing but self thinking robots which can take decisions itself using programmed brain without any guidance from human beings. There are two types of robots in one type robots perform action as we give signals remotely where as second type of robots are self thinking robots which can detect obstacle and move forward. This project is of second robots.
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OBSTACLE SENSORS
The obstacle senor is used to avoid the robot from the clash to any external devices (or) that is like walls, any obstacle which comes in its way. Here we are using the IR communications .the transmitter and the receiver parts. The transmitter produces the IR rays and they are received by the receiver section.
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Features
4 ports 2 6
Timer Interrupt
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MANUFACTURE S OF MICROCONTROLLER
Atmel
Dallas Semiconductor
Intel
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Truth Table High Left On High Right Off Low Left Off Low Right On Description Motor runs clockwise
Off
On
On
Off
On Off
On Off
Off On
Off On
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Electrical motor
An actuator which converts electrical signal into rotation.
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all know that AC motors are normally constant speed motors. Variable speed ac drives uses very complex circuitry because the ac motor speed is varied by the frequency variation and is not quite easy. Stepper motor gives calculated angle of rotation they take number of steps in one revolution they cannot be stopped in between the step. Also they are not constant running motors their use is limited to the area where you want calculated steps to be taken such as printers, plotters, and other similar applications.
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Advantages of DC motor:Dc
motors are widely used in industry where wide range of variable speed is required. High starting torque & easy speed variations are some of the other characteristics of DC motors.
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ALGORITHM
Step1:
Initialization of I/O ports. Step2: Set Direction as Forward/ Backward/ Left/ Right. Step3: check if any obstacle is detected according to that change the motion of Robot. If no then Robot will goes in forward direction. Step4: Wait for some time. Step5: go to step 3 to repeat the process. Step7: Wait for some time. Step 8: End
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FLOW CHART
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Disadvantages : It is time consuming project. It is use for short distance only. It is not recommended to keep the range very long because this would cause the ROBOT to keep moving 3/21/13 forward and backward as it senses any obstacle, even
Applications
Obstacle sensing robot can be applied at the
It can used for the army application. We can apply number pairs of IR pairs for the
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FUTURE ASPECTS:
We can extend this project with wireless
required object by giving directions to the robot but IR pair should be replaced depending upon the application.
By doing extra things, it can be use in Army
application.
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Photographs:
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References
BOOKS:
1.The 8051 microcontroller & Embedded System ( Mazidi , Pearson Education ,III edition) 2.Mechatronics Principle and Applications (Godfrey Onwobolu, Pearson Education) 3.Embedded System ( Rajkamal, Pearson Education, II edition) 3/21/13 4. .Introduction to Robotics
Website:
http://mechatronics.poly.edu http://www.roboticswikipedia.com http://www.mecatronicswikipedia.com http://www.datasheets.com http://www.J2RScientific.com http://www.expresspcb.com http://www.kiel51.com http://www.8051microcontroller.com
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