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Overview
Business Intelligence The Relational Database Model Database Management System Tools Data Warehouses and Data Mining Managing The Information Resource In An Organization
Introduction
Databases and data warehouses are methods for organizing and managing information and business intelligence. Database management systems and data mining tools are IT tools you use to work with information and business intelligence.
Business Intelligence
Business intelligence - is knowledge about your: Customers Competitors Partners Competitive environment Internal operations
Business Intelligence
Business Intelligence
Two types of information processing include: 1. Online transaction processing (OLTP) - the gathering of input information, processing that information, and updating existing information to reflect the gathered and processed information.
Operational databases - databases that support OLTP.
2. Online analytical processing (OLAP) - the manipulation of information to support decision making.
Business Intelligence
A data warehouse is a special form of a database that contains information gathered from many operational databases for the purpose of supporting decision-making tasks.
For Percentage Markup, we defined its Format as Percent and its number of decimal places as 2.
Database management system (DBMS) helps you specify the logical organization for a database and access and use the information within a database. A DBMS contains the following five important software components:
DBMS engine Data definition subsystem Data manipulation subsystem Application generation subsystem Data administration subsystem
DBMS engine - accepts logical requests from the various other DBMS subsystems, converts them into their physical equivalent, and actually accesses the database and data dictionary as they exist on a storage device.
Physical view - deals with how information is physically arranged, stored, and accessed on some type of storage device such as a hard disk. Logical view - focuses on how you arrange and access information to meet your particular business needs.
DBMS Tools
Data Definition Subsystem
Data definition subsystem - helps you create and maintain the data dictionary and define the structure of the files in a database.
(For a great overview on the logical properties of information review the table on page 136)
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem
Data manipulation subsystem - helps you add, change, and delete information in a database and mine it for valuable information. Tools here include views, report generators, QBE, and SQL. View - allows you to see the contents of a database file, make whatever changes you want, perform simple sorting, and query to find the location of specific information.
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem
Find information using the binoculars.
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem Report generator - helps you quickly define formats of reports and what information you want to see in a report.
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem
By following a series of simple screens, you can easily create the report below.
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem Query-by-example (QBE) tools - help you graphically design the answer to a question.
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem
DBMS Tools
Data Manipulation Subsystem
Structured query language (SQL) - a standardized fourth-generation query language found in most DBMSs. The SQL below creates the same report in Figure 3.7 on page 139.
SELECT Part.[Part Number], Part.Cost, Employee.[Employee
DBMS Tools
Application Generation Subsystem Application generation subsystem contains facilities to help you develop transaction-intensive applications.
Data entry screens DBMS-specific programming languages Commonly used programming languages
DBMS Tools
Data Administration Subsystem
Data administration subsystem - a DBMS helps you manage the overall database environment by providing facilities for backup and recovery, security management, query optimization, concurrency control, and change management.
On Your Own
DBMS Tools
Data Administration Subsystem
Backup and recovery facilities:
Periodically back up information contained in a database. Restart or recover a database and its information in case of a failure.
Security management facilities - control who has access to what information and what type of access those people have.
DBMS Tools
Data Administration Subsystem
Query optimization facilities - take queries from users and restructure them to minimize response times. Reorganization facilities - continually maintain statistics concerning how the DBMS engine physically accesses information. Concurrency control facilities - ensure the validity of database updates when multiple users attempt to access and change the same information.
Database administration - responsible for the more technical and operational aspects of managing the information contained in organizational databases.
Which of the businesses must have the most up-to-date information in its data warehouse?