Who Needs It??

Grade 6 Mrs. Figoten

POTENTIAL &
Potential energy
Stored up energy or energy held in readiness

ENERGY:

KINETIC
Kinetic energy
Energy of motion

ENERGY: The ability to do work & cause change

POTENTIAL ENERGY
Stored-up energy, or energy held in readiness EXAMPLES:
Elastic Potential Energy Like slingshot or bungee cord Gravitational Potential Energy Like diver on diving board or light bulb in off position

KINETIC ENERGY
Energy of motion EXAMPLES
moving bicycle moving auto high jumper jumping runner

POTENTIAL ENERGY
Energy stored or held in readiness Most potential

THE TRADE OFF Between Potential & Kinetic Energy

KINETIC ENERGY
Energy of motion

TYPES OF ENERGY
MECHANICAL
Car, plane, wagon

CHEMICAL
Batteries, matches, body cells

THERMAL
Heat from moving molecules Inside all matter; furnace

ELECTRICAL
Lightning, power lines

ELECTROMAGNETIC
Visible light, microwaves, radio waves

NUCLEAR
Nuclear power plants, atomic bomb, sun & stars

FORCES & MOTION

FORCE
A Push or a Pull

MOTION
A Change of Position or Location

FRICTION AS A FORCE
Strength of friction depends on:
Types of surfaces involved How hard surfaces push together

TYPES OF FRICTION
SLIDING FRICTION

2 solid surfaces Strength depends on roughness of surfaces One solid rolls over the other Much easier to move object Solid moving through a liquid or gas Less than sliding friction

ROLLING FRICTION

FLUID FRICTION

GRAVITY AS A FORCE
FREE FALL
Object accelerates as it falls due to gravity

Object accelerates at rate of 9.8 m/s 2

Every second velocity increases by 9.8 meters per second

@ 2 seconds velocity is 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s = 19.6 m/s

@ 3 seconds velocity is 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s + 9.8m/s = 29.4 m/s

GRAVITY AS A FORCE
AIR RESISTANCE
Type of fluid friction that opposes motion

WEIGHT

Measures force of gravity on object Weight = Mass X Acceleration due to Gravity

WHAT MAKES OBJECTS

START MOVING . . . STOP MOVING . . . SLOW DOWN . . . SPEED UP . . .

or CHANGE DIRECTION?

NEWTONS FIRST LAW

An object at rest remains at rest and an object in motion remains in motion unless acted upon by an outside force.

NEWTONS SECOND LAW

THE FORCE EXERTED BY AN OBJECT IS RELATED TO ITS MASS & ITS ACCELERATION AN OBJECTS ACCELERATION IS RELATED TO ITS MASS & THE FORCE REQUIRED TO MOVE IT

FORCE = MASS X ACCELERATION

WHAT AFFECTS WHAT?

FORCE = MASS X ACCELERATION FORCE ACCELERATION ACCELERATION FORCE

MASS
MASS

FORCE

ACCELERATION

NEWTONS THIRD LAW

For every action, there is an equal & opposite reaction

THE END