Huawei eRAN3.

0 CSFB Feature Introduction

www.huawei.com

Node B Products of Huawei

Apr. 2006
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Huawei CSFB Feature Roadmap

Released

CSFB to UTRAN
PS HO PS redirection

Flash CSFB to UTRAN

CSFB to UTRAN with LAI

Adaptive blind CSFB

Planned Planning

CSFB to GERAN
PS HO PS redirection CCO

Flash CSFB to GERAN

CSFB to GERAN
CCO with NACC

CSFB to GERAN with LAI

CSFB Steering
CSFB with eMPS

CSFB to CDMA2000 1xRTT

eRAN2.1

eRAN2.2

eRAN3.0

Next Evolutions

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Chapter OneFeature Introduction

Architecture and functionalities

Mobile Originating call

Mobile Terminating call SMS Emergency call

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CSFB: brief introduction

Circuit Switched Fallback (CSFB, 3GPP TS23.272) The CS fallback in EPS enables the provisioning of voice and other CS-domain services (e.g. SMS/ LCS) by reuse of CS infrastructure when the UE is served by E-UTRAN.

This function is only available in case E-UTRAN coverage is overlapped by either GERAN coverage or UTRAN coverage.

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CSFB: Architecture and functionalities

Need to be R8 ready Maintaining SGs association with MME A Iu-cs GERAN Gb Gs SGSN MSC/VLR for the mobility management and paging procedures between EPS and CS domain. C/D Gr UTRAN Multi-mode G/U/L CSFB capable Support of procedures: Combined EPS/IMSI Attach, Update, Detach. Iu-ps S3 S12 S4 MME S11 S1-MME S5 S1-U G/U/L handset E-UTRAN S-GW Forwarding paging request for CS domain to the UE. Directing the UE to the target CS capable cell. (PS HO/redirection with or without SIBs). PDN-GW S7 SGi Rx Internet / intranet / Operators & 3rd Party Applications PCRF SGs S6a HSS/HLR Deriving a VLR number and LAI from the TAI of the current cell, or using a default VLR number and LAI. Maintaining SGs association with MSC/VLR for EPS/IMSI Attached UE Triggering paging to eNodeB (when MSC-S pages the UE) Initiating IMSI Detach at EPS Detach

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CSFB: Mobile Originating call

7.IAM
6.Initiate voice call

Inter-system change

NodeB

RNC SGSN

MSC-VLR

HSS/HLR

3G LTE

SGs

MME
1. Ext Service RQ (CSFB indicator)

3.optional measurement eNodeB 5. eNB direct the UE to G/U

SAE-GW

RAT change (and selection) is under full network control (eNodeB triggers the RAT change towards to 2G/3G based on the UEs capability\measurement\SPID indication from MME.)
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CSFB: Mobile Terminating call

9.Voice call establishment 1.IAM

NodeB

RNC SGSN

MSC-VLR

HSS/HLR

Inter-system change

3G
LTE

SGs

MME

2. Paging RQ (Domain indicator: CS) 3. Ext Service RQ (CSFB indicator)

5.measurement

7. eNB direct the UE to G/U

eNodeB

SAE-GW

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CSFB to UMTS (PS HO)

MO call
UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN

MT call
UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN S-GW P-GW

1. Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

1.Paging Request Paging

2. S1-AP Message (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) S1-AP Response Message

2.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) Service Request

3. Optional measurement report

3. S1-AP message with CS Fallback indicator

4. PS handover preparation phase Handover Command Handover Command

4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-originated case, with the CS call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging Response message

5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU 6.PS handover execution phase

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CSFB to UMTS (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM)

MO call (R9: with RIM)
UE eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN
UE

MO call (R8: without RIM)

eNodeB RNC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2.S1-AP Message with CS Fallback Indicator S1-AP Reponse Message 3.Optional measurement report

1.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

2.S1-AP Message with CS Fallback Indicator S1-AP Reponse Message 3.Optional measurement report

4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN frequency\cell id\cell System information S1 UE context release 5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU

4. RRC Connection Release with UTRAN frequency S1 UE context release 5. LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU PS Suspend 6.CS call establishment procedure

PS Suspend
6.CS call establishment procedure

*MT calls procedure is same.

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CSFB to GERAN (PS HO)

MO call
UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN S-GW P-GW
UE eNodeB RNC BSC MME MSC SGSN S-GW P-GW

MT call

1. Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2. S1-AP Message (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

1.Paging Request Paging

S1-AP Response Message

2.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator)

3. Optional measurement report 4a. PS handover preparation phase Handover Command Handover Command 4b.Suspend Update Bearers 5.CS call establishment procedure with LAU or combined RAU/LAU 6.PS handover execution phase
4. Subsequent procedure similar to that in a mobile-originated case, with the CS call establishment procedure replaced with a Paging Response message Service Request 3. S1-AP message with CS Fallback indicator

In case GERAN or UE cant support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

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CSFB to GERAN (PS RRC Redirection w/o RIM)

MO call (R9: with RIM)
UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN

MO call (R8: without RIM)

UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2.S1-AP Message (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) S1-AP Reponse Message 3.Optional measurement report

1.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2.S1-AP Message (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) S1-AP Reponse Message 3.Optional measurement report

4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN frequency group\Cell id\Cell system information S1 UE context release 5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU 6.Suspend 7.CS call establishment procedure

4. RRC Connection Release with GERAN frequency group S1 UE context release 5.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU 6.Suspend 7.CS call establishment procedure

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CSFB to GERAN (CCO w/o RIM)

MO call (w/o RIM)
UE eNodeB BSC MME MSC SGSN

1.Extended Service Request (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) 2.S1-AP Message (containing a CS Fallback Indicator) S1-AP Response Message 3.Optional measurement report

4. MobilityFromEUTRACommand (CCO optionally with NACC)

5. S1 UE context release 6.LAU, combined RAU/LAU, or RAU and LAU 7.Suspend 8.CS call establishment procedure

In case GERAN or UE cant support DTM (Dual transfer Mode) the PS service will be suspended

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CSFB to UTRAN: Three mechanisms

R8 PS Handover: base on the inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with redirectedCarrierInfoIE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a carrier frequency and UTRAN cells SIBs acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

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CSFB to GERAN: Four mechanisms

R8 PS Handover: base on the inter-RAT PS handover procedures

R8 PS redirection: RRC release with redirectedCarrierInfoIE to UE

R9 PS redirection: RRC release with a carrier frequency list and cells SIBs acquired by RIM procedures before CSFB.

R8 CCO with NACC: HandoverCommand With target cell and SI

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CSFB: SMS
UE is EPS/IMSI attached and the CS access domain is chosen by the UE and/or the home PLMN for delivering short messages. SMS support is based on the connectionless SGs reference point between the MME and the MSC Server and use of NAS signalling between the UE and the MME. The MO SMS and MT SMS are signalled over SGs and do not cause any CS Fallback to GERAN/UTRAN RATs, and consequently does not require any overlapped GERAN/UTRAN coverage.

UE

MME

MSC

HLR

SMSC

1.EPS/IMSI attach 2.UE triggered Service Request 3. Uplink NAS Transport 4.Uplink Unitdata 5.Forward Short Message 4a.Downlink Unitdata 4a.Downlink NAS Transport 6.Delivery report

No CS Fallback is performed for SMS

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CSFB: Emergency call

UE

eNB

MME

MSC

RNC

Extended Service Request with Emergency Call Indication S1-AP message with Emergency Call Indication eNB indicates in the Source RNC to Target RNC Transparent container that PS handover was triggered due to CSFB and emergency purpose

E-UTRAN may use the emergency indication for selecting a particular radio access network (2G or 3G) for CS emergency handling. If PS handover is initiated, E-UTRAN may indicate priority level of the CSFB to the target RAT, in order to prepare radio resource at target RAT in appropriate way, e.g. priority allocation of the RAB resource.
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Chapter Two: CSFB Algorithm at eNB

Triggering phase
The eNodeB receives a CS Fallback Indicator from the

CS Fallback Indicator

MME. If the eNodeB supports blind handovers to an inter-RAT system, it performs a blind handover without

CSFB CSFB

delivering the measurement configuration to the UE. Otherwise, the eNodeB delivers the measurement

configuration to the UE. Compared with measurementbased handovers, blind handovers can reduce the access delay. Therefore, blind handovers take precedence over measurement-based handovers.

CSFB

CSFB

Blind handovers, however, have an impact on the handover success rate.

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The eNodeB delivers the inter-RAT measurement configuration, and the UE performs inter-RAT measurements accordingly.

The eNodeB checks the measurement results and generates a list of candidate cells.

The eNodeB executes CSFB to enable the UE to initiate the voice call in the target cell.

The ongoin2g PS services of the UE might be handed over to the target cell or suspended in the source cell.

In abnormal cases, eNB performs blind procedure.

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eRAN2.0/2.1

R8 CSFB
Blind Scenario
A list of candidate cells is generated on the basis of the blind handover priorities, which are determined by both the RAT-specific priorities and the cell-specific priorities. The RAT-specific priorities used in blind handovers for CSFB are defined through the InterRatHighestPri, InterRatSecondPri, and InterRatLowestPri parameters.

Measure Scenario
eNB sends the UE the measurement configuration, according to which the UE performs measurements on the specified system. The measurement configuration sent to the UE contains the configuration information for only the RATs and frequencies that are supported by the UE. eNB selects the best cell from UEs measurement report.
B1 entering condition:

Mn Ofn Hys Thresh

Mn is the measurement result of the neighboring cell. Ofn is the frequency-specific offset for the frequency of the neighboring cell. Hys is the hysteresis for event B1. Thresh is the threshold for event B1. The values of Thresh are set on the basis of the measurement quantities of each RAT. The Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) threshold for CSFB to UTRAN, Ec/No threshold for CSFB to UTRAN, threshold for CSFB to GERAN, and threshold for CSFB to CDMA2000 1xRTT are specified through the CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRSCP, CsfbHoUtranB1ThdECN0, CsfbHoGeranB1Thd, and CsfbHoCDMAB1ThdPS parameters respectively.

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eRAN2.2

Flash CSFB ( R9 redirection with SIBs

GSM/UMTS Core
RIM :
RAN information exchanging

LTE Core

Key Point:
1. eNB request system information from BSC/RNC
MME

RAN information request

SGSN

when establish Inter-RAT neighbor relation;

2. BSC/RNC reply system information. If system information updateBSS/RNC notify eNodeB and send the latest information; 3. Core Network doesnt handle the message, only forward; 4. eNB doesnt translate message from BSC/RNC send to UE directly; 5. eNB fill out the target frequency and related neighbor cell information in RRC_Release message.

Flash CSFB:

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RAN information

BSC/RNC

Frequency and target cell system information

2G/3G Access

LTE Access

Saving 1s for UMTS compare with R8 CSFB Saving 2s for GSM compare with R8 CSFB

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eRAN3.0

CSFB to UTRAN/GERAN with LAI

LTE Core
MME

TA1/LA1

Step1: eNB receives Registered LAI from MME MME sends Registered LAI to eNB via Initial Context Setup Request or UE Context Modification Request message. Step2: eNB selects target network with LAI consideration 1> Blind case: following the priority below. 1>Neighboring cell with the same LAI with Registered LAI; 2>Neighboring cell with the same PLMN with registered LAI; 3>Neighboring cell with the same PLMN with the UE current serving PLMN. 2>Measurement case: 1>if any of the neighboring frequencys cell PLMN is the same with Registered LAI, or if any of the neighboring frequencys cell PLMN is the same with the UE current serving PLMN, and the UE supports the RAT and the frequency, eNB will send these frequency to UE for measuring. 2>eNB will choose the same LAI from the measurement reports.

GUL
CSFB to LA1

TAI/L AI

Select same LA to CSFB

GUL

TA3/LA1

TA2/LA2

GUL

LAI Based CSFB:

1. Priority to select target GU cells with same LAC as UE registered in GU NW during CSFB to avoid LAU (0.5s~3s). 2. Support National Roaming Ue to select suitable fallback RAT/Cell bases on LAI Indicator among multi-PLMNs.
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CSFB key parameters

MO Parameter ID CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatHighestPri CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatSecondPri Description Indicates the high-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS fallback. It is UTRAN by default. Indicates the medium-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS fallback. It is GERAN by default. If this parameter is set to null, the system with the medium blind handover priority is not specified. In this case, only the blind handovers to the high-priority system are applicable. Indicates the low-priority system to be considered in blind handovers for CS fallback. It is CDMA2000 by default. If this parameter is set to null, the system with the low blind handover priority is not specified. In this case, only the blind handovers to the high- and medium-priority systems are applicable. Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the UTRAN. Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the GERAN. Indicates the Location Services (LCS) capability of the CDMA2000. Indicates the time-to-trigger for event B1 that is used in CS fallback to UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000. When CS fallback to UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000 is applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used in the evaluation of whether to trigger event B1. When detecting that the signal quality in at least one UTRAN/GERAN/CDMA2000 cell meets the entering condition, the UE does not send a measurement report to the eNodeB immediately. Instead, the UE sends a report only when the signal quality continuously meets the entering condition during the time-to-trigger. This parameter helps decrease the number of occasionally triggered event reports, the average number of handovers, and the number of wrong handovers, and thus helps prevent unnecessary handovers. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331.

CSFallBackBlindHoCfg InterRatLowestPri

CSFallBackBlindHoCfg UtranLcsCap CSFallBackBlindHoCfg GeranLcsCap CSFallBackBlindHoCfg CdmaLcsCap CSFallBackHo CsfbHoUtranTimeToTrig

CSFallBackHo CSFallBackHo

CsfbHoGeranTimeToTrig CsfbHoCDMATimeToTrig

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MO CSFallBackHo

Parameter ID Description CsfbHoUtranB1ThdRSCP Indicates the RSCP threshold for event B1, which is used in CS fallback to UTRAN. When CS fallback to UTRAN is applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used in the evaluation about whether to trigger event B1. This parameter indicates the RSCP requirement for the UTRAN cells to be included in the measurement report. A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the RSCP in at least one UTRAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering conditions are met. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331. CsfbHoUtranB1ThdECN0 Indicates the Ec/No threshold for event B1, which is used in CS fallback to UTRAN. When CS fallback to UTRAN is applicable, this parameter is set for UEs and used in the evaluation about whether to trigger event B1. This parameter indicates the Ec/No requirement for the UTRAN cells to be included in the measurement report. A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the Ec/No in at least one UTRAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering conditions are met. For a cell with large signal fading variance, set this parameter to a large value to prevent unnecessary handovers. For a cell with small signal fading variance, set this parameter to a small value to ensure that the handover is performed in time. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331. Indicates the RSSI threshold for event B1 that is used in CS fallback to GERAN. A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the RSSI in at least one GERAN cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering conditions are met. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331. Indicates the pilot strength threshold related to event B1, which is used in CS fallback to CDMA2000. A UE sends a measurement report related to event B1 to the eNodeB when the pilot strength in at least one CDMA2000 cell exceeds this threshold and other triggering conditions are met. For details, see 3GPP TS 36.331.

CSFallBackHo

CSFallBackHo

CsfbHoGeranB1Thd

CSFallBackHo

CsfbHoCDMAB1ThdPS

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MO Parameter ID Default Value CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatHighestPri UTRAN UTRAN, GERAN, g CDMA2000

Actual UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA2000

Unit None

CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatSecondPri GERAN g

UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA2000, NULL

UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA2000, NULL

None

CSFallBackBlindHoCf InterRatLowestPri CDMA2000 g

UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA2000, NULL

UTRAN, GERAN, CDMA2000, NULL

None

CSFallBackBlindHoCf UtranLcsCap g

OFF(Off)

OFF(Off), ON(On)

OFF, ON

None

CSFallBackBlindHoCf GeranLcsCap g

OFF(Off)

OFF(Off), ON(On)

OFF, ON

None

CSFallBackBlindHoCf CdmaLcsCap g

OFF(Off)

OFF(Off), ON(On)

OFF, ON

None

MML Command MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G MOD CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G LST CSFALLBACKBLINDHOCF G

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MO CSFallBackHo

Parameter ID

Default Value

Actual

Unit

MML Command MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO

CsfbHoUtranTim 40ms eToTrig CsfbHoGeranTi 40ms meToTrig

CSFallBackHo

CSFallBackHo

CsfbHoCDMATi 40ms meToTrig

CsfbHoUtranB1T -106 hdRSCP CsfbHoUtranB1T -13 hdECN0 CsfbHoGeranB1 -103 Thd CsfbHoCDMAB1 -34 ThdPS

0ms, 40ms, 64ms, 80ms,0ms, 40ms, 64ms, ms 100ms, 128ms, 160ms, 80ms, 100ms, 256ms, 320ms, 512ms, 128ms, 160ms, 480ms, 640ms, 1024ms, 256ms, 320ms, ms 1280ms, 2560ms, 512ms, 480ms, 5120ms 640ms, 1024ms, 1280ms, 2560ms, 5120ms ms

MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO

MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO MOD CSFALLBACKHO LST CSFALLBACKHO

CSFallBackHo

-120~-25

-120~-25

dBm

CSFallBackHo

-48~0

-24~0

0.5dB

CSFallBackHo

-110~-48

-110~-48

dBm

CSFallBackHo

-63~0

-31.5~0

0.5dB

Switches are not shown here. Please refer to CSFB FPD.

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Chapter Three: Algorithm Relationship

LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001019 PS Inter-RAT Mobility between E-UTRAN and UTRAN. LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN depends on LOFD-001020 PS Inter-RAT Mobility between E-UTRAN and GERAN. LOFD-001035 CS Fallback to CDMA2000 1xRTT depends on LOFD-001021 PS Inter-RAT Mobility between E-UTRAN and CDMA2000. LOFD-001052 Flash CS Fallback to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN. LOFD-001053 Flash CS Fallback to GERAN depends on LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN. LOFD-001068 CS Fallback with LAI to UTRAN depends on LOFD-001033 CS Fallback to UTRAN. LOFD-001069 CS Fallback with LAI to GERAN depends on LOFD-001034 CS Fallback to GERAN.

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Chapter Four: Use Case

Deployment Scenario
No IMS support in LTE/SAE or roaming. E-UTRAN coverage is overlapped by either GERAN coverage or UTRAN coverage.

G/U coverage

UL dual mode UE

LTE coverage

Camping (LTE)
PLMN selection indicator in SIM card Frequency priority in network system information broadcast

Voice (G/U)
CSFB to G/U to make the CS call

Back to LTE
Idle UE: Frequency priority in G/U system information broadcast Active UE: PS redirection PS HO based on service

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Thank You

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