QUESTIONS AND QUESTIONING

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
A WISE MAN ONCE SAID.. THE KEY TO EFFECTIVE LEARNING IS A TEACHER WITH EXCELLENT AND EFFECTIVE QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
OBJECTIVES

REVIEW HOW STUDENTS REACT TO QUESTIONS

REVIEW THE PURPOSE FOR QUESTIONING

IDENTIFY EXAMPLES OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF QUESTIONS

DESCRIBE HOW TO RESPOND TO STUDENT QUESTIONS

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
OBJECTIVES, CONT

REVIEW THE PROCESS FOR GETTING STUDENTS TO ASK QUESTIONS

EXAMINE HOW TO DEAL WITH STUDENT DIFFERENCES IN QUESTIONING DESCRIBE THE PROCESS FOR EVALUATING QUESTIONS USED IN THE CLASSROOM

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Introduction to the Question:

- Statements that have interrogative functions

-Teachers Questions solicit responses and provide direction toward the content to be learned in the classroom - Questions can open or close interaction and, draw students in or exclude them from discussion.

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
The Meaning of Question Asking (Dillion:1988)

Perplexity
Need to know Courage Will to undertake question and potential risk

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Why are Question Important (Brian 1996) Students learn by asking questions and receiving feedback Questions are important to teachers because they check on understanding, provide feedback and set the stage for learning in the classroom

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES A wise woman once said:

All Good Questions Have More Than One Right Answer

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
View of Knowledge (Perry & Belenky) Knowledge is facts, information and right answers View of Instructors Instructors are authorities who know the facts Teaching is telling students those facts

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
View of Learning

Learning is recording information in notes, committing it to memory and feeding it back as answers on exams Challenges
Uncertainty or disagreement among Authorities

Multiple perspectives, more than one answer

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Purpose of Questions

Questions can help:

-diagnose student difficulties -give direction to problem solving -promote interest -help to motivate learners (Cotton)

-allow students to discover connections between concepts and ideas

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Purpose of Questions (Cont) Questions can help: -Evaluate students preparation

-Review and summarize previously presented material

-Assist in management, discipline and control in the classroom

 Questions Students Need Answers to on the First Day: Will this class meet my needs?

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES

Is the instructor competent?

Will the grading and assessment process be fair? Will the teacher care about me?

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Questions students must have answers to in order to be motivated: What are the rules? Can I ask questions safely?

Will my faculty member listen to me?

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Questions students must have answers to in order to be motivated, (cont) Can I be successful? (perception not fact)

Do I know where we are going?

Do I know why we are going there? Do I know how to play this game?

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Kind of Questions to Ask: Ask primarily academic questions

Ask Question from all levels* (no overload)

Pose open-ended Questions

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Kind of Questions to Ask Cont: Opened-ended Questions ask students to create, synthesize or come up with unique responses.

Ask elaborative Questions which will promote curiosity and produce examples of real life scenarios.

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Kinds of Question to Ask Cont:

Build Questions into your lesson

Wording or phrasing should be clear Ask questions before as well as after material is presented Use Questions to ascertain full comprehension

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Kinds of Questions to Ask Cont:

Create an atmosphere of trust to encourage questions

Make regular comprehension checks in the form of specific questions Provide appropriate wait time and acknowledge students always.

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Kinds of Questions not to Ask:

Asking multiple Questions

Asking vague Questions Asking questions and answering them yourself Asking questions in a way that does not promote the desire to answer with accuracy (example) - Did you all get that

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Classroom Questioning Practice

Make sure you are heard and understood by everyone:

A. Speak loud and clear, be direct

B. Politely ask student to re-state inaudible responses

C. Repeating gives you the opportunity to rephrase if necessary

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Learn how to handle the Right answers:
a. Give praise and reward at the right time
b. Right answers must be both complete and correct c. Let students know it is alright to try even if they do not get the right answer d. Do not make an issue of resistance to answer e. Be encouraging and sound pleased when you get an answer

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Learn how to handle the Wrong answers:
a. Correct your students answers without being discouraging
b. Do not say no or thats wrong c. Never make fun of student answers d. Give clues to help discover the answer e. Always try to get the correct answer prior to moving on to another question

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
What to do when you do not know the answer to a students question? - Do not bluff - Acknowledge student for asking a good question - Give the rest of the class an opportunity to answer the question - Volunteer to get the answer later (Do it)

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
Question to ask about your classroom environment How would you characterize communication in your classroom? What type of questions are generally asked by students? Do you as the instructor ask questions to determine understanding?

Do your students feel comfortable responding to questions in class?

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Create conditions for change
Decide it does not matter why students may be underprepared Accept room for improvement Consider the requirements of the Surg-Tech ready student One or both of you may not be ready!

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES Identify Champions

Students that are ready and willing to help Staff members that have traveled the road you are now on Never forget to stay in touch with what is happening in the field!

Kinds of Teacher Questions

Simple Questions CONVERGENT(Closed) Recall Who is our national hero? Complex Questions DIVERGENT(Open) Thought What qualities make up a hero?

How many legs did we say insects have?

Why is the spider not an insect?

RULES IN ASKING QUESTIONS

RULE 1- Know why you are asking a question RULE 2-Provide students with some background information before asking questions RULE 3- Present well-sequenced question
Logical- follows good reasoning

Chronological step-by-step questioning

Inductive- concrete to abstract Deductive- reverse( abstract to concrete)

 RULE 4- Provide students with enough time to answer

RULE 5-Vary the kind of questions asked RULE 6- Avoid being bookish RULE 7- Give all students fair chance to answer

RULE8- Allow students to finish answering the questions

RULE 9- Formulate questions using interrogating words in the beginning RULE 10

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES

Change can happen

Incrementally

Monumentally

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Be prepared
PEARLS OF WISDOM

Keep it simple Ask questions

Utilize all resources

Foster learning

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES
RESOURCES Program Directors (Anyone available)

Associate Dean
Dean

QUESTIONING TECHNIQUES Questions?