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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models Project Report

Terry Saxton Xtensible Solutions May 13, 2009

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

CIM for Dynamic Models


EPRI project started March 2008 Project Objectives

Develop a standard way to exchange dynamic models for each generator, load or other resource in a power system network Extend the CIM and develop a set of interface profiles to support the exchange of dynamic cases (dynamic models and associated static network models) Builds from the EPRI CIM for Planning project extensions to the CIM UML How to model the interconnectivity between dynamic models and their association to the static network model

Technical Approach

Challenge

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Business Needs Addressed

Enable conduct of dynamic assessment studies involving simulation for


Contingency analysis to ensure reliability of transmission grid Post mortem evaluation of conditions leading up to a catastrophic event Planning to determine where network upgrades are needed New plant commissioning which may require new dynamic models from supplier

Users include transmission planners and regional reliability organizations

During planning stage During operational life of each resource Transmission, generation, or other resource owners Manufacturers of equipment

Sources include

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Status of Key Deliverables


UCTE IOP Test Dynamic Case Definition Standard Model exchange User-Defined Model exchange CIM modeling

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Dynamic Case Definition Profile Contents

The Dynamic Case Profile will contain the following data sets:

UCTE profile

Plus ??? Minus ???

Extensions for the Standard Models Extensions for the User-Defined Models

The actual Case Files used in an exchange will contain this data in Profile Data Groups UCTE IOP tested the static load flow models plus network solutions

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Dynamic Case Contents UCTE Base


State Variables
SvVoltage SvPowerFlow SvShuntCompensatorSections SvTapStep

TSO Topology
TopologicalNode TopologicalIsland Terminal (about)

TSO Equipment Model


GeographicalRegion SubGeographicalRegion Substation VoltageLevel EnergyConsumer PhaseTapChanger PowerTransformer RatioTapChanger ReactiveCapabilityCurve ControlArea ControlAreaGeneratingUnit TieFlow RegulatingControl ShuntCompensator Switch SynchronousMachine LoadResponseCharacteristic MutualCoupling CurveData Terminal ACLineSegment SeriesCompensator TransformerWinding FossilFuel GeneratingUnit NuclearGeneratingUnit HydroGeneratingUnit ThermalGeneratingUnit WindGeneratingUnit HydroPump CurrentLimit VoltageLimit OperationalLimitSet

UCTE Common Objects

BaseVoltage

OperationalLimitType

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Dynamic Case Definition Case Composition

The Dynamic Case will contain Profile Data Groups as CIM XML files

Common Objects PDG File - contains objects that are intended to be shared by all Equipment PDG File - describes the equipment without connectivity

Includes dynamic model system parameters

Topology PDG File - contains all topology objects (result of Topology Processing) and describes how it is electrically connected State Variables PDG File - contains all objects required to complete the specification of a steady-state solution (i.e., the solved voltage, tap positions, etc.) Dynamic Model PDG File contains all objects required to specify both standard and user-defined dynamic models

System parameters that are modeled as properties of PSR objects are in Equipment PDG file

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Standard Model Team


Lead: Bill Price, Consultant, GE PSLF expert Members: 17 vendors, utilities, and NERC Charter: Develop the data requirements and mapping to the CIM for the exchange of standard models

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Types of Dynamic Model Exchanges

Standard models

Includes multiple standard models (IEEE, WECC, etc.) interconnected in a standard way

Generators (including wind turbines) Motors Excitation systems, limiters, and compensators Turbine/governor models Stabilizers Loads Transmission devices Relay and protection devices HVDC and FACTS Define standard model reference manual and list of standard models Extend CIM UML to model standard dynamic models and their interconnection Minimize amount of information included in dynamic case file

Goal

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Standard Model Team - Status

List of standard models initial list complete


Models used by WECC, MMWG, UCTE Corresponding models in PSLF, PSS/E, PowerFactory, EUROSTAG identified Detailed descriptions of standard models

Standard Model Reference Manual

Standard interconnections Block diagrams/equations, parameters, typical data Sample step responses being added CIM class/attribute mapping in process Present models sufficient for initial IOP

More models to be added

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

List of Standard Models


GENERATOR MODELS
CIM Model Name genSync genSync genSync genSync genSync genSync genEquiv genLoad genAsync gensal gentpf gentpj gencc gencls "Netting" genind, motor1 CIMTR1,CIMTR3 ElmAsm wt1g wt2g wt3g wt4g WT1G WT2G WT3G1 WT4G M1 M5 M11 M14 M15 M50 M10, M13 GE PSLF genrou PTI PSS/E* GENROU GENTRA GENSAL DigSILENT ElmSym ElmSym ElmSym M2 Eurostag M2 IEEE Standard MMW WEC UCTE Comments G C Round rotor generator model, use for thermal generator X X X models Transient generator model X Salient pole generator model, use for hydro generator X X X models WECC Type F model X X WECC Type J model X X Cross-compound generator model X X "Classical" generator model - used only for small X X generators or gross equivalents Generator represented as a negative load X X X X X X X X X Induction generator model Type 1 standard wind turbine generator model Type 2 standard wind turbine generator model Type 3 standard wind turbine generator model Type 4 standard wind turbine generator model Synchronous machine, internal parameters, full model Synchronous machine, internal parameters, simplified model Asynchronous (induction) machine, simplified model Asynchronous (induction) machine, simplified model, macroblock defined torque Double Fed induction generator, induction generator model Converter model

GENROU GENCLS ElmSym M6

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Standard Model Reference Manual


Synchronous Generator Models
For conventional power generating units (e.g., thermal, hydro, combustion turbine), a synchronous machine model represents the electrical characteristics of the generator and the mechanical characteristics of the turbine-generator rotational inertia. The standard interconnection variables between a synchronous generator model and other models are shown in the following figure and table:

Efd Excitation System Ifd speed Synchronous Generator Ed , Eq * angle Id, Iq* Network Equations

TurbineGovernor

Pmech

* Network interface variables may differ among application programs

Synchronous Generator Interconnection Variables The interconnection with the electrical network equations may differ among application programs. The program only needs to know the terminal bus and generator ID to establish the correct interconnection. Synchronous Generator Interconnection Variables Model Type Inputs: Name Efd Pmech Synchronous Generator

Units p.u. p.u.

Description Field voltage on base of Ifag * Rfd (field resistance) Mechanical shaft power to the generator

Source Exciter Turbine

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Standard Model Team - Status

Dynamic Case data requirements

Data, other than model data, need to be defined, e.g.


Case name / description Corresponding static data set(s) System base frequency Reference generator for rotor angles Numerical time step Low voltage threshold for load change to constant Z

Test Cases

UCTE 10 Node model Siemens PTI sample model More to come

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

User-Defined Model Team


Lead: Chuck Dubose, Siemens PTI, PSSE expert Members: 11 vendors, utilities, NERC, and UCTE Charter: Develop list and definition of control blocks for user-defined models, and map dynamic case data to the CIM UML

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Types of Dynamic Model Exchanges

User-Defined models

Includes

User-defined models (such as an exciter) comprising interconnected elementary control blocks User-defined connectivity between control blocks Various hybrid arrangements Provide flexibility to completely specify a new model in a standard way Use well-known elementary control blocks

Goal

Ex: time delay, step function, log, sin, etc.

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

User-Defined Model Team - Status

List of elementary control blocks List for IOP is complete


Standard blocks defined to represent PTI PSSx BOSL, PowerFactory, EUROSTAG models Sufficient for application cases defined for IOP Detailed descriptions of how to model user defined models using standard control blocks

User Defined Model Reference Manual

Standard interconnection of control blocks Block diagrams with equations, parameters This information will also be stored in sending/receiving applications Will begin soon

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

List of Elementary Control Blocks


Basic Control Blocks
CIM Name PTI PSS x BOSL DIgSILENT EUROSTAG Usage Description This Block outputs the product of the input times a constant stored in the block. The Constant gain factor K is a parameter stored in the block and may be any floating point value. X is the input of the block and Y is the output of the block. Add flags to indicate whther max and min limits will be used. Limits will be parameters of the blocks. x1 is the value of the minimum limit. x2 is the value of the maximum limit. x2 should be always larger than x1. integrator with non-windup limits. first order time lag second order time lag. Non windup limits

PROP

gain

y = K *x

Integrater1 INT

1/sT lim

limited integrator

dy / dt = x / T

Timelag1 Timelag2

DE1 DE2

1/(1+sT)

simple lag limited simple lag

LeadLag

PD

(1+sTa)/(1+s y = x * Gain * [ (1+s*T) / lead lag filter Tb) (1+s*T1) ]

first order lead-lag with limits and gain

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

CIM Modeling Team


Lead: Kendall Demaree, Areva, CIM Model Manager for CIM User Group and IEC TC57 Members: 7 vendors and consultants Charter: Develop modeling approach to represent dynamic models and required signal connectivity in UML, building from existing CIM model

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

CIM Modeling Team - Status

Standard and user-defined model interconnectivity model in UML completed as extension to CIM UML

To be tested with 4 application cases

System parameters for standard models now being added to the CIM UML

Most dynamic data is not currently represented in CIM, but goal is to reuse those properties that already exist

Profiles for data exchange progressing well

Static model with solved case defined and tested during UCTE IOP in March 2009 Next is to add PDG for dynamic models

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

AC1 - Standard Model Example


Example: Synchronous Generating Unit

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

AC2: User Defined Model Substitute for Standard Model


Synchronous Generating Unit

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AC3 Standard Models, User Defined EPRI CIM for Interconnection Dynamic Models
Hydro Power Plant Connection Diagram:
pt3 pt2 pt1
DIgSILENT

qt1

qdv1

Machine 1 ElmSym*

speed1

1 2

Block1 ElmPcu*
1

Machine 2 ElmSym*

speed2

1 2

Block2 ElmPcu*
1

qdv2

1 2

qt2 qdv3

Hydraulik ElmPmu*
4 3

Machine 3 ElmSym*

speed3

1 2

Block3 ElmPcu*
1

qt3

4 6

qdv4

Machine 4 ElmSym*

speed4

1 2

Block4 ElmPcu*
1

qt4

huw hedr pt4

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

App Case 4 - Complete User Defined Model

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Key Artifacts to be Produced


List and reference manual for standard dynamic models and control blocks for user-defined models Extensions to CIM UML information model to support dynamic case exchanges UML modeling approach to handle dynamic models with linkage to static load flow models Template for equipment suppliers to provide dynamic models New exchange profiles for the various exchanges Interoperability test results Presentation and handover to IEC TC57

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Milestone Schedule
Description
Solved Case Exchange (UCTE) IOP Training Lab Exchange profile and test procedures for IOP UCTE IOP Dynamic Modeling CIM UML with dynamics model extensions for review List of standard models for IOP List of standard control blocks Sample model files for IOP software developers Complete Complete Complete for IOP 4/15/2009 Completed Completed Completed

Date

Standard Model Reference Manual


Dynamic model exchange profile User Defined Model Control Block Reference Manual Dynamic case for model exchange Dynamics IOP

Complete for IOP


5/15/2009 6/1/2009 6/1/2009 7/14/2009

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class New DynamicsUserdef inedM odel st at ic pow er sy st em model I dent if iedObject Core:: Pow erSyst emResource 0..1 Core:: Conduct ingEquipment Rot at ingMachine Wires:: Regulat ingCondEq Wires:: SynchronousM achine

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Core::Equipment

+Conduct ingEquipment

1 Wires::EnergyConsumer

+Terminals 0..* I dent if iedObject Core::T erminal Plus ot her concret e equipment t y pes ...

I dent if iedObject BlockConnect ivit y 0..* Block inServ ice: int 1 0..* 0..* + I dent if iedObject BlockParamet er v alue: Float 0..* 1 0..* 0..*

inst ance dy namics model

1 met a dy namics model I dent if iedObject M et aBlockConnect ivity

Block Connect able M et aBlockParamet er +Block Paramet er +Met aBlock 1 I dent if iedObject M et aBlock + + + block Kind: Block Kind int ernal: Boolean primit iv e: Boolean 1 1 0..* Block Connect able M et aBlockI nput 1 1 +Block 1 +Block Out put I dent if iedObject 0..* M et aBlockOut put 0..* 1 0..* 1

Link s t o st andard met a dy namic model names could be composed int o Block UsageParamet er or Block Usage object at UNCFACT message assembly lev el.

+Block Paramet erRef erence +Met aBlock Paramet er I dent if iedObject 0..* M et aBlockRef erence 0..* 1 I dent if iedObject 0..* M et aBlockParamet erRef erence 0..*

0..1 0..* 0..* 0..* 0..1 1 met aBlock Out put Ref erence 0..* I dent if iedObject M et aBlockSignal 1 met aBlock Input Ref erence 0..* 0..1 0..1 1 I dent if iedObject M et aBlockInput Ref erence

I dent if iedObject M et aBlockOut put Ref erence

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models


class New DynamicsSt andardM odels I dent if iedObject Core::BaseVolt age age +Conduct+BaseVolt ingEquipment I dent if iedObject Core:: Pow erSyst emResource 0..1 0..* st at ic pow er sy st em model Rot at ingM achine

Core::Equipment

Core:: Conduct ingEquipment

Wires:: Regulat ingCondEq

+Conduct ingEquipment

+Terminals 0..* I dent if iedObject Core::T erminal Wires::EnergyConsumer Wires:: SynchronousM achine AsynchronousM achine Plus ot her concret e equipment t y pes ...

st andard dy namics model

Volt ageCompensat or:: Volt ageCompensat or

Loads:: Aggregat eLoad

Generat ors::GenSync

Generat ors::GenAsync

Excit at ionSyst ems:: Excit at ionSyst em

T urbineGovernors:: T urbineGovernor

M ot ors::M ot orSync Loads:: M echanicalLoad

M otors::M ot orAsync

Generat or, Mot or, Load, HVDC t o be deriv ed f rom exist ing CIM classes

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

AC1 - Standard Model Example


Example: Synchronous Generating Unit

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Standard Model UML Structure

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BlockConnectionUsage connectionType=SynGen

PowerSystemResource e.g. SynchronousMachine

EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

BlockUsage excAC2A instance

BlockUsage pssIEEE2B instance

BlockUsage vcIEEE instance

BlockUsage govHydro instance

BlockUsage genSync instance

BlockParameterUsage value = 0.01 Detail not shown BlockParameterUsage value = 250

BlockParameterUsage value = 0.96

Meta-dynamics model
Block name = vcIEEE blockKind = Voltage Compensation

Reusable definitions ...

Detail not shown

Block name=pssIEEE2B blockKind = PSS

Block name=govHydro blockKind = Governer-Turbine

Block name=excAC2A blockKind = Excitation System BlockParameter name = Tr BlockInput name = Vcomp

Block name=genSync blockKind = Generator BlockParameter name = Xd BlockInput name = Efd

BlockParameter name = Ka

BlockInput Name = Vpss/Vref/Vst

BlockParameter name = Xq

BlockInput Name = Pm

BlockParameter name = ...

BlockOutput name = Efd

BlockParameter name = ...

BlockOutput name = speed

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EPRI CIM for Dynamic Models

Next Steps

IOP test for more complex user defined models Repository for dynamic model management Promote use of new dynamic model standards by manufacturers and software vendors

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