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PROLACTINOMA

Bautista, Karen Dela Cruz, Christian Lherry Mendoza, Kaori

What is prolactin?
a hormone that plays a role in breast growth and development
its primary function is in milk production after a child is born present in small amounts throughout the bloodstream

What is a prolactinoma?
a benign tumor (called an adenoma) of the pituitary gland produces an excessive amount of the hormone prolactin in the blood

the most common type of pituitary tumor

What causes prolactinomas?


abnormal increase in number of prolactinproducing cells --- (Pituitary Lactotrophic Acidophil Cells)

What are the signs and symptoms?


In WOMEN: -irregular periods or no periods (amenorrhea) -breast tenderness -infertility -reduced sex drive -galactorrhoea -increased growth of hair on the face or body

What are the signs and symptoms?


In MEN:
reduced fertility erectile dysfunction (difficulty having an erection) reduced libido breast enlargement (gynaecomastia). very rarely, leakage of milk from the breasts.

What are the signs and symptoms?


Children and teenagers may have:
reduced growth delayed puberty

How is prolactinoma diagnosed?


may be suspected from the symptoms Women tend to be diagnosed earlier than men----- a change in the woman's periods is an early symptom and is easily noticed

How is prolactinoma diagnosed?


Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) -the most sensitive test for detecting pituitary tumors -determines the size of the tumor

How is prolactinoma diagnosed?


Computed Tomography (CT scan)
- also gives an image of the pituitary, but it is less sensitive than the MRI.

How is prolactinoma diagnosed?


Blood tests
normal prolactin level in blood is: women: 1-25 ng/mL men: 1-20 ng/mL A very high prolactin level (>200ng/mL) usually means that a prolactinoma is present

What is the treatment for Prolactinoma?


Drugs
Bromocriptine Cabergoline

Surgery
should be considered if medical therapy cannot be tolerated

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