End-user QoS What, why and how

Dr. Henrik Christiansen, CTO CommWyse A/S, Denmark

Henrik.christiansen@commwyse.com
3G optimization Rome March 28th March 30th, 2006

Motivation
Data services new opportunities Everybody wants optimum QoE
What is QoE? How to measure QoE? What to do?

3G threats
Competing technologies -Wimax, WLAN, EDGE

Services must work from day one What tools do operators need?
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A quick test
Can you answer these questions? What will be the impact on existing services when:
Traffic increases? A new service is added? The QoS configuration is changed?

and how will that impact your business?

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Presentation overview
The main challenge Application level QoS
What it is How to measure it

Use of simulation Case studies Summary and conclusions

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The main challenge

Planning
Meet requirements: cost, coverage, quality, capacity Coverage / capacity interlinked Capa-

Multiple services and QoS

Planning per service Variable bit rates Multiple QoS classes

city Coverage

Cost Quality

Main challenge: Planning a multi-service, multi-datarate network

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Application level QoS - QoE

Quality of experience
Users point of view: experienced QoS Operators point of view: technology - KPIs
Mismatch

This is what your customers see

QoSEE end-to-end / end-user experienced Subjective

Interesting for a group of users

Not interesting for a single test user Average user / average commuter / average teenager 90 % fractile
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End-to-end
Application Application TCP TCP IP
GMM SM GMM SM

IP Relay
GMM SM GMM SM

IP Relay

IP Relay

IP

RRC

RRC

RLC

RLC

RANAP

RANAP

PDCP

PDCP GTP-U

GTP-U

GTP-U

GTP-U

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

UDP/IP

transport

transport

MAC WCDMA
(Radio)

MAC Relay

MAC AAL ATM

AAL5

AAL5
transport transport

WCDMA
(Radio)

AAL ATM

ATM

ATM

UE
User Equipment

Uu

Node B

Iub

RNC
Radio Network Controller

IuPS

SGSN
Serving GPRS Support Node SGSN

Gn

GGSN
Gateway GPRS Support Node

Gi

Server

UE Node B

RNC

GGSN

Internet Servers

What impacts QoE ?

The user(s) Handset Protocol settings Device configs Network dimensioning Application usage

Application differences
Request / response pattern Protocol overhead Chattiness Message sizes Inter request times

QoE depends on the application:

Application type and usage must be taken into account
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Optimizing QoE
Optimize what? Optimum QoE means
Happier users? More revenue? Better KPIs? More customers?

The big question is: How to measure application level QoS

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A holistic view on networks

Customers
Help desk overload Positive / negative feedback Reactive

Drive tests
Actual coverage actual QoS - for specific users Reactive

QoE ?
Churn
Unhappy customers Bad reputation Reactive

Simulation
Detailed protocol insight QoE for typical users Proactive

Be proactive! Let QoS drive planning & optimization efforts

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Discrete event simulation

Represents everything that happens to a packet as one event skips periods where nothing happens Simulation approach
Set goal must be specific Set up scenario Run simulation(s) Analyze / interpret results Reiterate if goal is not reached
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Case studies
A QoE view on networks by using advanced protocol simulation What is the impact of adding streaming users? Specific goal: how many streaming users can be added if the response time for 80% of a group of web browsing business users may not increase by more than 20%?
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Adding a new service

- impact on existing services
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 5 10 15 20 25

CDF of service response times

With existing services only After deploying new service

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QoE driven planning

Response time (seconds)

3,5 3 2,5 2 1,5 1 0,5 0 2 3 4 5 6

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90 % of selected group 20 %
80 % of selected group

Number of streaming users addded

UMTS
QoS enabled
Service classes Prioritization Packet scheduling RRM algorithms
These handles must be set correctly in order for the services to work as expected

Other
Soft handover Radio planning Need for isolation between cells
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Analysing QoS
Multi service networks QoS goal: preferential treatment of some services Multiple service classes
with / without delay guarantees

Optimizing QoE
Improvement of service Deterioration of other services
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QoS differentiation
Web service
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

E-mail service
1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6

CDF of service response times

CDF of service response times

All services in same class Web higher priority than e-mail

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Impact of traffic growth

CDF of service response times

1 0,9 0,8 0,7 0,6 0,5 0,4 0,3 0,2 0,1 0 0 5 QoE target 10 15 20 25

light load medium load heavy load

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Use QoE as the optimization target

QoE is complex Measurements and network counters tell you about today and yesterday but what about tomorrow? QoE can be easily predicted by using simulation QoE impacts your usersand your business
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Conclusions
QoSEE for the typical user is important A holistic view is required
A suite of tools one view each Combined they provide the full view Different parts of the organization one view each United they provide the full view

Simulation
can predict QoSEE is reproducible delivers a controlled environment Is the missing link between network parameters and end-toend QoS Is one of the required tools to give the holistic view
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Thanks!
Visit our booth during the conference Visit: www.commwyse.com anytime!

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