RF & TRANSMISSION SURVEY

MD SHAMS TOUHID

RF & Transmission Survey Guideline

The objective of this guideline is to provide the good understanding of types of survey and there detail description so that the customer objective can be fulfilled. This guideline can be changed based on customer concern to meet site objective.

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RF Survey Procedure
Collect data from office and ask the coordinator about Type of Survey (e.g. In filler / New Town / HW / Other). Collect Site details e.g. Site Name, Taluka (Tehsil) & District etc., Site Coordinates (Lat/Long) & Far End details. Ask the coordinator about Acquisition person, Marketing person, Civil person & Vehicle. Check your complete Survey Kit 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. GPS (Global Positioning System) Binocular Compass Digital Camera with Data cable Measurement Tape Blank Survey Form

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New Town Survey

Feed the coordinates of the Site in your GPS and click GOTO option. It will show the bearing and distance of your site from your current position. The given coordinate may not be correct, find the correct town by the discussion with local persons. Now after reaching the Site follow these steps1. 2. 3. Take the hotspots of whole town (approximately 30-35 depending upon officials requirement) as well as all main roads connected to that Town(4-5 each road). Look for the 3 Options feasible from RF & LOS point of view (Try to take options in the centre of the Town). In case of unavailability of all the options in the centre shift the options but take only those from where all sectors have proper clutter (e.g. residence /shops /roads etc.). Ask your acquisition person to talk with the owner of those options. Write down the details of each option.

4. 5.

Option Details

Site coordinates & AMSL. Sector orientations. Bearing & distance of all the Far Ends from each options. Complete address of each option. Photo of each options. Choose the highest building or Water Tank to take Panaromic photos (12 photos at 30 degree each starting from 0-330), normal and zoom photographs of all the far ends. Draw the layout of the Town showing all the options, major landmarks (GP/Shopping centre /Temple /Masque /Bank /School /Main chowk) & roads. Decide the GSM Antenna height.

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GSM Antenna Radiation Height & Tilt

Highway/Railway Coverage cells Antenna height should be at 40m with 2 degree Mechanical tilt. Single site town facing cells Antenna Height should be 30m with 2 degree Mechanical tilt. Existing town, coverage filling sites cells Antenna height should be at 21m with 4 degree Mechanical Tilt. Existing town, Capacity sites cells Antenna height should be at 21 mtrs or less than that depends on surrounding sites foot print and carrying traffic loading.( Tilt will be 4 degree Mechanical ) In short, three height categories 21m, 30m and 40m depends of type of cells and its objective.

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Antenna Type
Highway and Railway Cell: 30 degree H-Plane, 7.5 to 10 degree V-Plan and
21 dBi Gain without Electric tilt. ( if this type of antenna not available then 65 H, 8 V and 18 dBi Antenna cab be proposed, this is best for highway also as may be parallel to road/highway some small towns or tourist places can be cover ).

Single Town/ Coverage infill/ Capacity Cell: 64 degree H-Plane, 7.5 to 10

degree V-Plan and 18 dBi Gain without Electric tilt.

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Transmission (LOS) Survey

Select the ROUTE option in GPS and feed the coordinates of Near End & Far End and Activate the route. Start following the LOS line shown on GPS. Take the route data (AMSL and obstruction height (Tree/Building/Chimney/Other Tower/Water Tank etc.) at every 500m. It also depends upon the terrain, if there is high variation in terrain or obstruction height then take the detail of that point also even if it is very near to your previous point taken. After reaching your Far End check for the Existing Tower height and spaces for mounting the MW towards the Near End. Enter all the route details in PL3 tool with Near End and Far End tower heights, it will print the Path Profile. Give only minimum height both sides but take care that the first Fresonal Zone must be very clear. Note- If your Far End is visible from Near End then you need not to
follow all the above steps, check only the last step.

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Tower Height Guideline

If site is GBT then tower height should be 40m or subject to Transmission requirement In case of roof top, in existing town for coverage motivated sites should keep Antenna radiation center at 21m and capacity driven sites can be at 21 or less then that depends on traffic off loading target to minimize over reaching

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MW Height Calculation
Microwave height depends upon Fresonal zone, through which the waves travel carrying the voice and data signals. This zone must not be disturbed while deciding MW height. Fresonal zone=N*17.3(d1*d2/Fd)

Where N=no of Fresonal zones F=frequency used by the operator (e.g.7Ghz,15Ghz,18Ghz or 23Ghz) d=distance between Near End and Far End d1=distance from near end to maximum obstructing object d2=d-d1

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Tower Height Calculation

Th = Ep+C+Oh+SlopeEa Where Th=Tower height Ep=Peak/Critical Obstruction C =Other Losses=B+F Oh=Overhead Obstruction Slope=((Ea-Eb)*d1)/D Ea=Height of site A Eb=Height of site B D=Total distance between A and B F=Fresonal zone B(Earth Buldg)=(d1*d2)/(12.75*K) K=4/3

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Fresonal Zone

d1

d2

1ST Fresonal Zone = 17.3 (d1*d2)/fd

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In filler (City) Site

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In-filler (City) Site

Reach at the given coordinate position and choose the Optimal Location of Sites. This may depend on so many factors likes:
Target area clutter type Size of Target area Requirement of Indoor coverage penetration Hot spots locations Availability of suitable land or buildings Structure suitability of building Major entry and exist roads & railways Specific some event locations like festive or tourist place Future development of target town Customer projection Surrounding existing network foot print and their traffic handing capacity Signal Propagation behavior depends on typical clutter and terrain type

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After deciding the suitable location note down the following details: Options coordinates. Orientations of all the 3 sectors. Terrace layout and place, suitable to build the Tower , also check for the space for DG and BTS. Details of each option (as in New Town). Photographs (as in New Town). Transmission part is also same as in New Town.

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Note Need not to take hotspots, only show the major landmarks in your layout. Show the sector orientations in layout by Arrow. Here the tower height will be different from New Town. You can propose RTT, Pole, Parapet or Wall mount, depending upon the clutter type and building heights surrounding that area. Calculation of Total Tower height must be AGL (Above Ground Level). AGL height = Building height + Tower height. One Flore of the building is considered as 3m.

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Types of Tower
GBT (Ground Based Tower) Height- 30m/40m/50m/60m/70m/80m. RTT (Roof Top Tower) Height- 9m/12m/15m/18m/21m/24m. RTP (Roof Top Pole) Height- 3m/6m. Parapet- GSM antenna will be mounted on parapet. Wall mount- GSM antenna will be mounted on Building Wall.

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BSC Survey

BTS

BSC

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BSC Survey
Go to the existing site and look for the space available for installing extra BTS (Indoor or Outdoor) & DG at that site. Draw the layout showing existing Tower, existing Shelter, existing DG, Guard room etc. Also show the space available for New BTS either Indoor (inside the Shelter) or Outdoor & DG. Take the photographs of existing site, inside the Shelter, spaces available. Now after completing all above procedures start Transmission Survey as per Officials requirement.

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AES Survey
This survey is only for the lease lines (broadband) connection. Youll be given the detail address of the particular site from office. Go to the given address. Give the coordinates of that option to your coordinator and ask them about Far Ends details. Draw the complete layout of the terrace showing space for planned tower. Take the photographs (except Panaromic). Look for the total cable length required from Server room to planned tower. Also look for the required cable length at each Far Ends from shelter to Tower.

Note- RF Survey part will not be done here.

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SDH Survey
Only Transmission Survey will have to perform here. All the details will be give by coordinator.

Backbone Survey

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THANK YOU