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Centripetal Acceleration
Inward central acceleration
Centripetal Force
Inward central net force
centripetal force is not a kind of force (e.g., weight, tension, etc)
Velocity
Velocity is always tangent to the circle
Conceptual Exercise 1
A boy whirls a stone of mass m at the end of a string L so that it moves in a circle with constant speed. If the string were suddenly cut, in what direction will the stone move?
Conceptual Exercise 2
What is the direction of the (a) acceleration and (b) velocity of a Ferris wheel car at
its highest point? its lowest point?
Conceptual Exercise 3
Why is it that objects in uniform circular motion dont crash even if their acceleration is inward?
Period, T
Time it takes for object to complete one cycle.
Speed
total distance v vav total time
2 r v T
Exercise 2
If Olop, the other reindeer, Santa and the sleigh were undergoing circular motion at a constant speed of 10m/s, and if it took them 1 hour to come back to where they were initially, how far did they travel?
2 r v T
Exercise 3a
An object with mass m is observed to have a period T when undergoing circular motion at a constant speed v. The total distance traveled is 2r.
If the mass is increased to 2m, how long will it take the object to undergo circular motion and travel a distance 2r at constant speed v?
Exercise 3b
An object with mass m is observed to have a period T when undergoing circular motion at a constant speed v. The total distance traveled is 2r.
If the speed is increased to 2v, how long will it take the object to undergo circular motion and travel a distance 2r after some time T?
v a r
UNIFORM AND NON-UNIFORM CIRCULAR MOTION (for non-uniform circular motion, this is just the perpendicular component of a)
Exercise 4
An athlete is jogging at a constant speed of 1m/s in a circular track 200m long. What is the magnitude of the athletes centripetal acceleration?
v a r
mv Fnet ma r
v=speed
r=radius of circle m=mass
Example 1
A sled with a mass of 25.0kg rests on a horizontal sheet of essentially frictionless ice. It is attached by a 5.00m rope to a post set in the ice. Once given a push, the sled revolves uniformly in a circle around the post (Fig. 5.32a). If the sled makes five complete revolutions every minute, find the tension in the cord.
Banked curves
makes circular motion in frictionless surfaces possible. forces acting on object:
normal force weight
Exercise 7
A curve of radius 30m is banked at an angle . Find for which a car can round the curve at 10m/s even if the road is frictionless.