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How Does the Mechanical Engineer & Cx Provider Impact the Success of a Sustainable Building?
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Outline
What is LEED? Benefits and cost of LEED HVAC design and Cx HVAC design for LEED Requirements and Tips
WEc2, WEc3.1, WEc3.2 EAp1, EAp2, EAp3 EAc1, EAc3, EAc4, EAc5 EQp1 EQc1, EQc5, EQc6.2, EQc7.1, EQc7.2
Examples and experience on LEED HVAC design and Cx Who can be the Cx Provider? Going beyond the LEED requirements and expectations
What is LEED?
What is LEED?
Reduced or neutralized first cost Enhanced asset value/increased profits Optimized life cycle economic performance Improved productivity (due to a healthier indoor environment) Reduced liability
BECAUSE IT IS THE RIGHT THING TO DO! Some states, cities, and/or the Federal Government offer tax incentives for buildings that meet Green building codes or become LEED Certified. GSA, state, and some municipalities require new building projects to meet LEED.
LEED Certifications
LEED-NC (New Construction) LEED-CI (Commercial Interiors) LEED-EB (Existing Buildings) LEED-CS (Core & Shell; Commercial) LEED-H (Single Family Residential) LEED-ND (Residential Neighborhood Developments) LEED-Schools Other in the works
LEED-NC
Indoor Environmental Quality 23% Materials & Resources 20% Energy & Atmosphere 27% Water Efficiency 8% Sustainable Sites 22%
LEED-NC
LEED-NC
Seven Prerequisites
SSp1 Construction Activity Pollution Prevention (Civil Engineer) EAp1 Fundamental Commissioning (Cx Provider) EAp2 Minimum Energy Performance (ASHRAE 90.1 and/or CEC Title 24) (Mechanical Engineer) EAp3 Fundamental Refrigerant Management (Mechanical Engineer) MRp1 Storage and collection of recyclables (Arch/Owner) EQp1 Minimum IAQ performance (ASHRAE 62.1 and/or CEC Title 24) (Mechanical Engineer) EQp2 Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control (Arch/Owner)
Choosing the right Mechanical Engineer on the design team can help satisfy up to 60% of the requirements for LEED certification
WE EA
EQ
ID
3 out of 5 points 2 out of 3 prerequisites 12 out of 17 points 2 out of 2 prerequisites 7 out of 13 points 2 out of 5 points
Grey water systems Waterless urinals and W.C. Water conserving fixtures Secondary metering on high volume systems (i.e. kitchens, mechanical equipment, etc.)
Communication is critical between design team to accomplish higher energy savings and find economic balance (Arch, EE, ME, Owner)
Proper selection of HVAC system for type of building and occupancy is critical for optimum building operation and reduction of energy usage. (Team decisions are key) Fundamental understanding of Synergies and Trade-offs with other credits and standards
EAc1 vs. EQc2 (Energy Consumption vs. Ventilation Air) EAc1 vs. EAc5 (Verification Built into Design)
M & V (IPMVP)
Not usually implemented. Key to verifying performance of building systems once it is in operation. Useful in verifying at post-occupancy EAc1, WEc2, WEc3, EQc1, EQc2, EQc6, EQc7 Some ease of implementing with a calibrated energy model and Building Automation System (BAS).
Prerequisite is mandatory in CA. Additional credits is easily achieved per CA codes. Alternate strategies need to be designed to achieve optimal energy efficiency without sacrificing air quality. Sophisticated computer modeling may be required for nontraditional designs. Look at technologies, trade-offs and synergies with other points and ASHRAE standards.
Basics
IT IS A PREREQUISITE EAp1 Verify and ensure that fundamental building elements and systems are deigned, installed and calibrated to operate as intended. It is imperative that at least 26 points be achieved to reach the certification level, Cx is an excellent tool during design, construction and post-occupancy.
ASHRAE Cx Process
The 4 phases of the Cx Process
PREDESIGN
OCCUPANCY OPERATIONS
Cx Process
DESIGN
CONSTRUCTION
6.
Designate a Cx Authority Document OPR and develop BOD Incorporate Cx requirements into CD Develop and implement Cx plan Verify the installation and performance of the Commissioned systems Complete a summary of the Cx Report
1.
2.
OPR
Owner and user requirements Environmental and sustainable goals Energy efficiency goals IEQ requirements Equipment and System expectations Building occupant and O&M personnel requirements
BOD
3.
Project
Specifications
http://peci.org/library/mcpgs.htm
4.
6.
Complete Cx Report
Executive summary on the process & results Deficiency list with resolutions Performance test results
Certification Submittals
Completed OPR and BOD Incorporated Cx into specifications Cx plan Verified installation and performance of systems Completed Cx Report
Cre-3
Enhanced Cx
Design review prior to CDs Review contractor submittals Review building operation (post-occupancy)
4.
Design Review
6.
Only review submittals applicable to systems being commissioned for compliance with OPR and BOD.
Do they meet OPR and BOD O & M requirements Facilitating performance testing
8.
In addition to the O&M manual that is provided to the staff by the contractor. Focuses on operations rather than maintenance. Specifics of interactions between equipment
Final version of BOD Single line diagrams As-built sequences of operation Operating instruction for integrated systems Recommended maintenance schedules Recommended retesting schedules with blank test forms Recommended recalibration schedules for sensors and actuators
9.
Verify Requirements for Training Document training expectations and needs with the owner Ensure staff and occupants receive training and orientation Special attention should target new or uncommon design features that have a potential of being over-ridden or removed due to lack of understanding.
After handover ( 8 10 months) review performance of building/facility with owner and O&M staff. Create a deficiencies list (prior to manufacturer / contractors warranty expiration) Any items listed on the deficiencies list that will not be corrected shall be documented in the Systems Manual
Certification Submittals
CxA conducted design review CxA reviewed submittals Systems Manual O&M staff and occupants have been trained CxA review of building operation post-occupancy
ASHRAE guideline 0. ASHRAE guideline 1. NIBS guidelines 2 through 14 NEBB Building Systems Commissioning
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