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Paleography, Tectonics and

Climatic Conditions

of
Paleozoic Era

PRESENTED BY
Jawad Bashir (Thunder).
Six major continents in
paleozoic
• Six Major continents were present.These
continents are
2. Baltica
3. China
4. Godowana
5. Kazakistania
6. Laurentia
7. Siberia
In Cambrian age
• Gaundwana
The biggest super
continent.

• Epeiric seas covered


much of the
continents.

• The climate is Warm


and
wet

• Most regions are ice


In Ordovician age
• Gondwana moves southward

• Most world’s land mass was in Gondwana

• Separation of western and central Europe

• Great collisions

• Major Glaciations
Early and late Ordovician
Climate in Ordovician Era

• The climate was warm and contains


moisture.

• Favorable for marine life

• Late Glaciations

• Extinctions of marine organisms.


In Silurian age
• No major volcanic eruption.

• But active plate movement.

• Gondwana continues its drift.

• Few continents converge at equator.

• Formation of new super continent Laurasia.

• Iapteus ocean remain open.


Early Silurian
Climate in Silurian age
• Starting of green house phase.

• Shallow seas.

• Higher carbon dioxide level.

• Stable climate.

• Later it gets little cool and moist.

• Conditions favorable for larger animals.


In Devonian age
• Active tectonic Phase.

• Collision between
Baltica and Laurentia.

• Formation of
Cordilleran and
ellesmore

• Laurasian beginning
to move closer to
Gondwana.
Climatic Conditions
• Early Devonian was
little warmer and
moist.

• Formation of red beds


indicate the uniform
global climatic
conditions.

• Extinction of Frasnian-
Famennian.
In Carboniferous age
• Active mountain building.

• Drifting of East
Gondwanaland.

• Collision of Gondwana
and Laurasia.

• Formation of the Ural


Mountains.

• Formation of Pangea.
Climate in Carboniferous
• Early stages are warm.

• Glaciations in Gondwana

• Carbon dioxide level declining.

• Carboniferous ice age.

• Best age for land animals evolution


In Permian age
• Convergence of all
land mass in one
super continent.

• Panthalassa was the


major ocean.

• Deserts are
widespread.

• Sea levels drops.


Climatic conditions in
Permian.
• The Earlier Permian was cold.

• Middle Permian was hot and moist.

• Swampy forests.

• Great fluctuation in climate.


Cambrian Explosion

• The sudden appearance of multi-


cellular phyla.

• Appearance of complex animals

• Extinction of some single-cellular


organisms.
Evidences for Cambrian
explosion
• Body fossils.

• Trace fossils.

• Comparative anatomy.

• Abundance of brachiopods.
Causes for Cambrian
explosion
• Increase in oxygen levels.

• Snowballs effects on earth.

• Arms races between predators and


prey.
Theories for Cambrian
explosion
• Darwin’s theory.

• Punctuated equilibrium theory


Evidences given by Darwin’s to
support his theory
• The Dinosaurs evolution.

• The Evolution of man

• The great different in size and organs of


species.
Loops in Darwin’s Theory
• The fossils record suggests that the size of insects
and the number of organs are same as today

• The DNA tests and Comparative anatomy suggest


that Humans are from different race not evolved
from monkeys.

• Totally Rejects the Ideology of Creator.

• God created all things without any model and


sample
Quran response against
Evolution
• It is He Who originated creation and then regenerates
it. That is very easy for Him. His is the most exalted
designation in the heavens and the Earth. He is the
Almighty, the All-Wise. (Surat ar-Rum, 27)

• Do they not see that Allah, Who created the heavens


and Earth, has the power to create the like of them, and
has appointed fixed terms for them of which there is no
doubt? But the wrongdoers still spurn anything but
disbelief.
(Surat al-Isra’, 99)

• Say; “Can any of your partner-deities bring creation out


of nothing and then regenerate it?” Say; “Allah brings
creation out of nothing and then regenerates it. So how

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