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Lean Production (tm dch l sn xut tinh gn) l mt nhm phng php, hin ang c p dng ngy cng rng ri trn khp th gii, nhm loi b lng ph v nhng bt hp l trong quy trnh sn xut, c chi ph thp hn v tnh cnh tranh cao hn cho nh sn xut

Nhiu khi nim v Lean Production bt ngun t H thng sn xut Toyota (TPS) v c dn trin khai xuyn sut cc hot ng ca Toyota t nhng nm 1950. T trc nhng nm 1980, Toyota ngy cng c bit n nhiu hn v tnh hiu qu trong vic trin khai h thng sn xut Just In Time (JIT).

 Ngy

nay, Toyota thng c xem l mt trong nhng cng ty sn xut hiu qu nht trn th gii v l cng ty a ra chun mc v in hnh p dng Lean Production . Lean Production xut hin ln u tin trong quyn "The Machine that Changed the World" (C my lm thay i Th gii - James Womack, Daniel Jones & Daniel Roos) xut bn nm 1990.

 Lean

Production ang c p dng ngy cng rng ri ti cc cng ty sn xut hng u trn ton th gii, dn u l cc nh sn xut t ln v cc nh cung cp thit b cho cc cng ty ny. Lean Production ang tr thnh ti ngy cng c quan tm ti cc cng ty sn xut cc nc pht trin khi cc cng ty ny ang tm cch cnh tranh hiu qu hn.

L nhn thc v loi b cc loi lng ph (lng ph: nhng cng vic khng mang li gi tr gia tng cho khch hng), s dng vt mc nguyn liu u vo, ph phm v chi ph lin quan n ti ch ph phm, cc tnh nng sn phm khng c khch hng yu cu.

Gim chu k sn xut: gim thi gian ch i gia cc cng on, thi gian chuyn i nhanh, thi gian chun b, thi gian t kho n kho, thi gian lm sn phm... 2. Gim tn kho: mc ti thiu v an ton trong sn xut, vn lu ng t hn, gim mt bng sn xut, lu kho thnh phm v bn thnh phm. 3. Tng nng sut lao ng: khng thc hin cc thao tc khng cn thit, gim thi gian ch i gia cc khu, dng chy sn phm lin tc
1.

 4.

S dng thit b v mt bng hiu qu: b tr theo s truyn Lean, sp xp cng nhn theo hnh di. S tn dng c s cng nhn v mt bng sn xut.

S b tr mt bng trc v sau ci tin

Tnh linh ng: c kh nng sn xut nhiu loi sn phm khc nhau mt cch linh ng hn, chuyn i sn phm nhanh, thay i sn xut nhanh ... 6. Tng sn lng: nu c th gim chu k sn xut, tng nng sut lao ng, gim thiu n tc v thi gian dng my, cng ty c th gia tng sn lng mt cch ng k t c s vt cht hin c.
5.

 1.

Nhn thc v s lng ph Bc u tin l nhn thc v nhng g c v nhng g khng lm tng thm gi tr t gc khch hng. Bt k vt liu, quy trnh hay tnh nng no khng to thm gi tr theo quan im ca khch hng c xem l tha v nn loi b. V d nh vic vn chuyn vt liu gia cc phn xng l lng ph v c kh nng c loi b.

 2.

Sn xut "Pull": cn c gi l Just In Time (JIT), sn xut Pull ch trng ch sn xut nhng g cn v vo lc cn n. Sn xut ng lc, kp thi. Sn xut c din ra di tc ng ca cc cng on sau. K hoch th cc khu u bit nhng lnh sn xut bt u t khu sau. Khu sau s ko khu trc, yu cu khu trc sn xut ng loi, s lng, thi gian giao....khng c yu cu th khng sn xut.

3. Cht lng t gc: Lean nhm ti vic loi tr ph phm t gc v vic kim sot cht lng c thc hin bi cc cng nhn nh mt phn cng vic trong quy trnh sn xut. Cng nhn trong cc khu nu pht hin sn phm li khu trc c quyn tr li, mi cng nhn nh mt KCS. 4. Lin tc ci tin: Lean i hi s c gng t n s hon thin bng cch khng ngng loi b nhng lng ph khi pht hin ra chng. iu ny cng i hi s tham gia tch cc ca cng nhn v nhn vin trong qu trnh ci tin lin tc.

 Hng

sa, hng ti ch, ph phm: (Correction)

Lng ph do khuyt tt

 Lng

ph do vn chuyn: (Transportation)

 Lng

ph do ch i (Waiting)

 Lng

ph do tn kho (Inventory)

 Lng Lng Lng

ph do thao tc (Motion) ph do gia cng tha (Over-processing)

ph do sn xut tha loi b cc lng ph trn nn s dng cc cng c sau:

 Lean

l mt nhm phng php, cng c nhm gim lng ph, gim tn kho, dng chy sn phm lin tc., qun l hiu qu v mang li gi tr gia tng cho khch hng. Cc loi lng ph: p dng cc cng c Lean mt cch hiu qu phi nhn bit uc cc loi lng ph, cc thao tc khng mang li gi tr cho khch hng, t la chn cng c thch hp loi b lng ph nhn bit.

1. Tiu chun ha (Standard Work) 2. Chuyn i nhanh (Quick change over) 3. 5S v qun l trc quan (5S and Visual Management) 4 .S Chui Gi Tr (Value Stream Mapping) 5. Kanban 6. Bo Tr Sn Xut Tng Th (Total Productive Maintenance) 7. Cch thc p dng

 Khi

cng ty Lantech, mt cng ty sn xut thit b ca M hon tt vic trin khai Lean nm 1995, cng ty cho bit t c cc ci tin sau so vi h thng sn xut theo l sn phm trong nm 1991 (theo James Womack, Daniel Jones & Daniel Roos: "The Machine that Changed the World"):

 Mt Ph Chu

bng sn xut trn mi my gim 45%, phm gim 90%,

k sn xut gim t 16 tun xung cn 6 ngy, tun. gian giao hng gim t 4- 20 tun cn 1- 4

Thi