Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Perception and
Personality in
Organizations
1
Toronto’s Police Service
diversity awareness
seminars.
2
Perceptual Process Model
Environmental Stimuli
Selective Attention
Organization and
Interpretation
Attitudes and
Behaviours
3
Selective Attention
• Perceptual context
4
Splatter Vision Perception
5
Social Identity Theory
ACME
Widget Employees at
Employee other firms
Graduates from
Univ. of New other schools
Brunswick
Graduate
6
Social Identity Theory Features
• Comparative process
– define ourselves by differences with others
• Homogenization process
– similar traits within a group; different traits
across groups
• Contrasting process
– develop less favourable images of people in
groups other than our own
7
Stereotyping in the Workplace
8
The Stereotyping Process
9
How Accurate are Stereotypes?
10
Attribution Process
• External Attribution
– Perception that outcomes are due to
situation or fate rather than the person
• Internal Attribution
– Perception that outcomes are due to
motivation/ability rather than situation or
fate
11
Rules of Attribution
Internal Attribution
Distinctive Consensus
Consistent
from other (Other people
with past
situations are similar)
Seldom Seldom Frequently
External Attribution
12
Attribution Errors
• Self-Serving Bias
– attributing our successes to internal
factors and our failures to external factors
13
Self-Fulfilling Prophecy Cycle
Supervisor
forms
expectations
Employee’s Expectations
behaviour matches affect supervisor’s
expectations behaviour
Supervisor’s
behaviour affects
employee
14
Other Perceptual Errors
• Primacy
– first impressions
• Recency
– most recent information dominates
perceptions
• Halo
– one trait forms a general impression
• Projection
– believing other people are similar to you
15
Diversity Management Programs
16
Improving Perceptual Accuracy
Diversity
Management
17
Know Yourself (Johari Window)
Feedback
Hidden
Area Unknown
Hidden Unknown
Area
Unknown Area Area
to Others
18
Defining Personality
19
Big Five Personality Dimensions
20
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
21
Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
• Extroversion versus
introversion
• Sensing versus
intuition
• Thinking versus
Courtesy of Thompson Doyle Hennessey & Everest
feeling
• Judging versus
perceiving
22
Locus of Control and Self-Monitoring
• Locus of control
– Internals believe in their effort and ability
– Externals believe events are mainly due to
external causes
• Self-monitoring personality
– Sensitivity to situational cues, and ability to
adapt your behaviour to that situation
23