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IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem

Architecture, Protocols and Services Waldir R Pires Jr Siemens Manaus 2005.06.21

Contents
Introduction IMS Overview IMS Applications/Services Conclusion References

Introduction
Shift towards an all IP system Reasons
Reduction of costs, creation of new revenue Increased competition and innovation demands Internet coverage Merge of fixed and mobile networks Services today are obsolete
Multimedia services not yet available to the mobile networks a natural evolution

Common Infrastructure for services

Stove pipe architecture

horizontal architecture

Why IMS?
Involved parties
Operators, Users, Content Providers, Legal Authorities,

Service Aggregation
3rd party Application Servers Services: No preferential treatment of voice Voice (VoIP) is just one service, positioned at same level like any other services

All-IP network
Interactive Multimedia QoS guarantee Access transparency, seamless handover AAA, Billing, Charging

Communication security in IP networks


Signaling and Media Access and Core Regulatory requirements (lawful interception, )

Contents
Introduction IMS Overview IMS Applications/Services Conclusion References

IMS Definition
The IMS is a standards-based architecture that provides:
integrated Internet-based, multimedia, multi-session applications to mobile users at the same time guaranteeing QoS across different access network technologies and allowing operators to charge transparently through any medium used.

Defined by 3GPP, 3GPP2 and TISPAN


OMA (service interoperability), IETF (Internet standards)

IMS Consequences
For users
Person2person and person2content communications in voice, text, pictures and video Availability anywhere anytime through wireless and fixed networks Access from different technologies (GSM, cdma2000, WLAN, etc)

For operators Definition of a horizontal architecture


reusability of common functions in multiple applications (From stovepipe to horizontal services) Interoperability and roaming Bearer control, charging and security

Key enabler for fixedmobile convergence


Secure migration to an all IP architecture
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IMS Architecture
TAS (Telephony Application Server) HSS (Home Subscriber Services) Non-Telephony Services IM-SSF (IP Multimedia Services Switching back-to-back SIP user agent that maintains A database that maintains the unique service outside the telephony call model, such as profile Function) for each end the user. This includes an end users current call state Instant Messaging, Push ToSIP Talkmessage and Provides the interworking of the registration information (i.e., IP address), roaming provides the basic call processing services presence enabled information, telephony services (i.e., call forwarding to the corresponding CAMEL, ANSI-41, INAP including digit analysis, routing, call setup, call information), instant messaging service information or (TCAP) messages, services such as calling waiting, call forwarding, conferencing, etc. CSCF (Call Session Control Function) (i.e., buddies list), voice mail box options (i.e., name, 800 services, etc. It provides the registration of the endpoints and
greetings), etc. routing of the SIP signaling messages to the appropriate application server. The CSCF interworks with the transport and endpoint layer to guarantee QoS across all services. In some IMS proposals, the CSCF is divided into Serving, Proxy and Interrogating CSCFs.

Legacy Service Control Points Caller ID, Local number portability and 800 services.

Application Servers Media Server OSA GW (Open Service Access Gateway) IMS Applications Responsible for the processing and generation of inter-working multimedia between SIP and APIs for communication data, such as playing of announcements (audio/video), services multimedia conferencing (e.g. mixing of audio), text It to allows speech applications to access presence and call state conversation (TTS) and speech recognition information, and realtimeapplication registration and resource management transcoding of multimedia data (i.e. conversion between in the network Media Gateway different It terminates voice data fromformats). a switched network (PSTN) and MRCFMGCF Media Media Resource Gateway Control Control Function Function media (RTP) streams from packet switched network (Internet). It interworks It interworks the SIP the signaling SIP signaling with the with signaling the signaling used by used theby the It also acts as relays for multimedia streams i.o. end-2-end media servers. It alsomedia manages gateway the distribution (i.e., H.248). of sessions connections. Other functions include transcoding, echo across multiple media servers. It is considered to be the central cancellation and packet loss handling unit for media processing (transcoding, conferencing, TTS, 9 etc.),

IMS Architecture
CSCF - Call Session Control Function

Serving CSCF Proxy CSCF SIP server that maintains Interrogating CSCF the first point of contact session state for IMS for the user the contact point SIP for a network when entity and forward messages to services other networks need to be the users home S-CSCF contacted

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IMS Protocols
Session Control
SIP
Multimedia Applications Audio Video SIP RSVP RTP UDP IP RTCP SAP TCP SDP Dados

Media
RTP and RTCP

Security
Diameter (AAA) GSM, GPRS and 3G standards Used for establishing,

Real Time Protocol: modifying and terminating transport of real time media multimedia sessions. It using UDP relies on other protocols for transport and QoS reservation.

Real Time Control Protocol: control of the real time media being transported, QoS statistics, synchronization (audio/video) of packets.

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Contents
Introduction IMS Overview IMS Applications/Services Conclusion References

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IMS Services/Application Architecture


Architecture Proposals
On the operators network
Horizontal architecture
Mobile Terminal Radio Access Network Packet Switch Domain IMS SIP Applications Internet 3rd Party Content Providers Application Developers PSTN Circuit Switch Domain

On the mobile device


Client-server Three-layer

From the mobile terminal down to the content providers/application developers


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IMS Services/Application Architecture

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IMS Horizontal Architecture

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IMS Services/Application Architecture


On the mobile device
Client Server Architecture
Mobile terminal and the A/S

Three-layer application architecture


User interface, application logic and the protocol layer Provide maximum portability and flexibility between different vendors = Componentry

Performance problems for multimedia applications in Java Efficient Java/Native connectivity for multimedia applications Various application domains

Access Independence Push-to-talk Over Cellular Presence Unified Messaging Interactive Voice Response Enhanced Voice Mail Instant Messaging Web/Audio/Video Conferencing Video Telephony Multi-user Gaming

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Contents
Introduction IMS Overview IMS Applications/Services Conclusion References

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IMS Summary
IMS provides
AAA (authentication, authorization and accounting) of both mobile and fixed SIP clients Control over sessions
person-to-person, person-to-group and content-to-person multimedia communication

Charging functionality flexibility for the operator


apply time-based, event-based or volume-based charging to subscribers

QoS for the IP services being used in the communications session Functionality to connect roaming users to the home domain for IP multimedia services Access network domain security functions
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IMS Summary
Horizontal architecture to services and applications Common services and roaming discovery Interoperability, charging, roaming control for the operator Combination of voice, video and data Access convergence GPRS, cdma2000, WLAN, fixed network, etc.
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Enabler to a true 3G IP convergence

Conclusion
Issues/Challenges
Costs of conversion to IMS Competition and market divergence Performance Security

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Contents
Introduction IMS Overview IMS Applications/Services Conclusion References

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References
[1] V. Koukoulidis and M. Shah, The IP Multimedia Domain in Wireless Networks: Concepts, Architecture, Protocols and Applications, Siemens Information and Communication Mobile, Boca Raton, Fl, Proceedings of the IEEE Sixth International Symposium on Multimedia Software Engineering (ISMSE04), IEEE, 2004. [2] P. Polvora, C. strm, Plan Your IP-Competence Strategically, Ericsson Seminar, http://www.ericsson.com/learning, April 2005, Ericsson AB 2005. [3] 3GPP Homepage, http://www.3gpp.org/specs/specs.htm

[4] Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) Homepage, http://www.openmobilealliance.org [5] Session Initiation Protocol Charter Homepage, http://www.ietf.org/html.charters/sip-charter.html
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References
[6] IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): Service Architecture, Lucent Technologies, February, 2005, [7] IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem: The value of using the IMS architecture, White Paper, Ericsson, October 2004, [8] [9] Motorola IP Multimedia System White Paper, February, 2004, IP Multimedia: a New Era in Communications, Nokia White Paper,

[10] The Protocol Dictionary Homepage, http://www.javvin.com/protocolH245.html

[11] P. Howard, 3GPP Security and Authentication, September 13, 2001, http://www.ietf.org/proceedings/01aug/slides/sipping-7/index.htm

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References
[12] Open IMS Homepage, http://www.fokus.gmd.de/bereichsseiten/testbeds/ims_playground/playground/hss.php?lang=de [13] [14] [15] 3GPP TS 23.228: "IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)" IETF RFC 3261: "SIP: Session Initiation Protocol" 3GPP TS 23.218: "IP Multimedia (IM) session handling, IM call model"

[16] 3GPP TS 29.228:" IP Multimedia (IM) Subsystem Cx Interface; Signalling flows and message contents" [17] The Parlay Group homepage, http://www.parlay.org/

[18] H. Montes, G Gomez, H Cuny, Nokia Networks, J. Paris, Deployment of IP Multimedia Streaming Services in Third Generation Mobile Networks, IEEE Wireless Communications, October 2002 [19] Siemens IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS): The Domain for Services, Whitepaper

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