OUTLINE

INTRODUCTION WHAT IS GEOTEXTILE ? FUNCTIONS OF GEOTEXTILES RAW MATERIAL TYPES OF GEOTEXTILE PROPERTIES OF GEOTEXTILES GEOTEXTILES IN INDIA RECOMMENDATIONS

7NSOHSE

INTRODUCTION
Textiles have been used for thousands of years . Textile are not only clothing for human body, but also for our motherland in order to protect her. Geotextiles has proven to be among the most versatile and cost-effective ground modification materials.

The Great Wall of China , completed around 200 BC, used tamarisk branches with mixture of clay for reinforcement .

GEOTEXTILE
According to the definition of ASTM

A permeable geosynthetic comprised solely of textiles. Geotextiles are used with foundation, soil, rock, earth, or any other geotechnical engineering-related material as an integral part of human-made project, structure, or system."

WORLD CONSUMPTION OF GEOTEXTILES

Source: Geosynthetics David Cook (2003), Freedonia Group (2009)

CONSUMPTION WISE FORECAST

Sports Textile 3.70% Packing Textile 3.80% Agricultural Textiles 3.90% Protective Textile 4.00% Automobile Textile 3.40% Clothing Textile 3.20% Home Textile 2.70%

Geotextile 5.30%

Industrial Textile Building Textile Medical Textile 4.40% 5.00% 4.30%

Source: DRA (2005-2010)

The world demand for Geo- Textiles is projected at about 4715 million square meters by 2014 mostly from China and other East Asian countries.

Asia and other developing regions of the world are much more likely to see a sustained programme of infrastructure projects over the next decade and beyond.

IMPLICATED EXAMPLES WORLDWIDE

PalmJumeirah Island, Dubai Beijing Olympics Architecture Levees in New Orleans, Hurricane Katrina

FUNCTIONS OF GEOTEXTILES
Seperation Filtration Drainage Reinforcements

RAW MATERIAL
Natural fibers which are commonly used are jute, flax, coconut matting, cotton and straw. Geotextiles are made from polypropylene, polyester, polyethylene, polyamide (nylon), polyvinylidene chloride, and fiberglass. Polypropylene and polyester are mostly used .

TYPES OF GEOTEXTILE
Woven Non-woven Knitted

PROPERTIES OF GEOTEXTILES
The three main properties which are required and specified for geo textile are; Mechanical property Filtration ability Chemical resistance

SPECIFICATIONS
Type: Woven geo textile Loom type: Narrow loom Raw material: Polypropylene Weave design: Plain 1/1 Weft: Tape yarn of polypropylene is used Warp: Multi filament polypropylene yarn is used. Warp: 207 Tex Weft: 129.78 Tex Ends/inch: 17 Picks/inch: 13

SAMPLE OF GEOTEXTILE

RECOMMENDATIONS
Geo textile is a new field, which appears with in the short span of time very rapidly in the world. Main obstacle to the growth of geo textiles in India : is the level of human expertise. If government of Pakistan takes interest, we can use our scientific expertise in the field of geo textile, and also save our foreign exchange and also reduce their cost, because that field is a future demand in recent years. Support of government of Pakistan is required to develop the base for the technical textile education. Government level incentives should be announced to encourage the industries for the production of technical textiles and the end users should be encouraged for geo synthetics uses. Human resource development for the specific technical textiles

RECOMMENDATIONS
Experimental work should be encouraged for the development of technical textiles. Continuous awareness program should be conducted for all the stake holders. It should be added as a major course among the textile universities course line. Research and advisory centers should be established all over the country. Testing and standardization should be developed at the centers to make the standards developed for the technical textiles

What is India doing?

Several positive schemes in 11th five year plan (2007 2012) to support the growth of nonwoven and technical textile industry. National Mission for Technical Textiles launched in 2007
a budget of US$ 170 million for the next five year period.

Technical textile industry growth target is 12-15 billion dollars by 2012.

Indian Government has planned to invest in 20 centers of excellence

References
A R Horrocks and S C Anad, eds 2000,Handbook of Technical Textiles,Woodhead Publishing Ltd. ASTM (1994), Annual Books of ASTM Standards, American Society Testing andMaterials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Volume 4.08 (1), Soil and Rock. Volume 4.08 (2) David Rigby Associates (2009) Retrived January 20,2009,from www.davidrigby-associates.com Engineering use of geotextiles, 20 July 1995ARMY TM 5-818-8Air force AFJMAN 32-1030 Technical manual . WASHINGTON, DC, 20 July 1995. GS.Hwang,C.K.Lu,M.F.Lin,B.L.Hwu and W.H.Hsing, Text.Res.J .69(1999)pp.565-569. M.Pritchard, 1999,Vegetable fiber geotextiles,Phd dissertation .University of Bolton .UK K.R.Lekha,Geotex,Geomembrane22(2004) pp.399-413 Koerner , R. M., 1993Designing with Geosynthetics, Third edition, Prentice Hall. P R Rankilor 28 May-1st June 1977,Designing with Terram, a Technical design manual published by ICI fibers Terramdivision, PR Rankilor, 1990The fundamentals definition and classification of warp knitted DSF geotextiles for civil engineering and geotechnical end usesInternational geotextiles societys 4 th international conference on Geotextiles,Geomembrane and related products, ,pp819-823. R M Koerner and J P Welsh 1980,Construction and Geotechnical Engineering using Synthetic fabrics ,John Wiley & Sons ,New York . Y.Wang,Journal of Ind. Text.30(2001)pp.53-64 Van Zanten, R. V. (1986). Geotextiles and Geomembranes in Civil Engineering, A. A. Balkema Publ., Rotterdam, The Netherlands, 685 pgs

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