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IN INDIA THERE ARE 30 MAJOR AIRPORTS AND THERE ARE 193 AIR CONSTRUCTIONS.
TAMIL NADU 12 ANDRA PRADESH 16 KARNATAKA 16 KERALA 5 ORISSA 5 PUDUCHERRY 1 UTTAR PRADESH 11 CHENNAIINTERNATIONAL AIRPORT ARAKKONAMNAVAL AIR BASE CHENNAIAVADI AIR FORCE BASE CHENNAIAIR FORCE STATION COIMBATOREAIRPORT SULURAIR FORCE BASE MADURAIAIRPORT SALEMAIRPORT THANJAVAURAIR FORCE BASE TIRUCHIRAPALIAIRPORT THOOTHUKUDIAIRPORT VELLOREAIRPORT
CONTENTS
Aerodrome data Basic terminology Aerodrome reference code Aerodrome reference point Aerodrome elevation Aerodrome reference temperature
The first aeroplanes were light, with a tail wheel, and the engine power was usually low. A mowed meadow with good water drainage was sufficient as an aerodrome for those aeroplanes. the surrounding airspace to be free of obstacles over a relatively wide area. The main change in the airfields physical characteristics was the runway length. The multiengine aircraft required the length to increase to approximately 1 000 m.
Jet aircraft required further extension of the runway, together with increases in its width and upgrading its strength. The increasing number of aircraft, and the training of the military pilots required more support facilities at airfields, such as hangars, workshops and barracks. According to Boeing, air traffic will double by 2020 and new runways will be needed at 60 of the worlds largest airports by 2025. Boeing predicts that the world aircraft fleet will double by 2025 and estimates a need for approximately 27 200 new commercial airplanes
ICAO REGULATION
Safety is the overriding requirement in aviation. Standardisation is one of the means to achieve it. In the case of airports, it is standardisation of facilities, ground equipment and procedures. AWOP All Weather Operations Panelissues of operations under restricted meteorological conditions VAP Visual Aids Panelvisual aids of airports OCP Obstacle Clearance Panel
Cont
ARCP Aerodrome Reference Code Panelmethod for interrelating specifications of airports HOP Helicopter Operations Paneloperation of helicopters. ICAO languages (English, French, Spanish or Russian) STANDARDS contain specifications for some physical characteristics, configuration, materials, performance, personnel or procedures. Annex 14, include guidelines for aerodrome design, construction, planning and operations.
MANUALS
Aerodrome Design Manual Part 1 - Runways Part 2 - Taxiways, Aprons and Holding Bays Part 3 - Pavements Part 4 - Visual Aids Part 5 - Electrical Systems Airport Planning Manual Part 1 - Master Planning Part 2 - Land Use and Environmental Control Part 3 - Guidelines for Consultant/Construction Services
Airport Services Manual Part 1 - Rescue and Fire Fighting Part 2 - Pavement Surface Conditions Part 3 - Bird Control and Reduction Part 4 - Fog Dispersal Part 5 - Removal of Disabled Aircraft Part 6 - Control of Obstacles Part 7 - Airport Emergency Planning Part 8 - Airport Operational Services Part 9 - Airport Maintenance Practices
AERODROME DATA
Aerodrome design Aerodrome administration Aerodrome location Movement area Lighting systems Navigation aids Rescue and fire-fighting services Ground services Special procedures
WIND ROSE
A wind rose graphically depicts wind velocities, directions, and their probability of occurrence in a format resembling a compass
Example
Al Najaf Al-Ashraf International Airport Aerodrome Reference Point coordinates N 3159.4, E 044 24.2
Aerodrome elevation
The aerodrome elevation and geoid undulation at the aerodrome elevation position shall be measured to the accuracy of one-half metre or foot and reported to the aeronautical information services authority. For an aerodrome used by international civil aviation for non-precision approaches, the elevation and geoid undulation of each threshold, the elevation of the runway end and any significant high and low intermediate points along the runway shall be measured to the accuracy of one-half metre or foot and reported to the aeronautical information services authority. For precision approach runway, the elevation and geoid undulation of the threshold, the elevation of the runway end and the highest elevation of the touchdown zone shall be measured to the accuracy of one-quarter metre or foot and reported to the aeronautical information services authority.
Example
Al Najaf Al-Ashraf International Airport Elevation 32.9 M (108 ft)
Example
Al Najaf Al-Ashraf International Airport Reference Temperature 43.8 C
runway C true bearing to one-hundredth of a degree, strip runway end safety area stopway, taxiway C designation, width, surface type; apron C surface type, aircraft stands; the boundaries of the air traffic control service; clearway C length to the nearest metre or foot, ground profile; visual aids for approach procedures, location and radio frequency of any VOR aerodrome check-point; location and designation of standard taxi-routes; distances to the nearest metre or foot of localizer and glide path elements comprising an instrument landing system (ILS)
Communications 119.100 Mhz (Air / Ground) Runways ID 07/25 Dimensions 1880 x 45 M Surface ASPHALT Lighting ID 07/25 Approach Yes Threshold Yes Fuel Jet A1 Avgos Available Available Runway Yes PCN 30 ILS No
Time
Latitude Longitude Elevation Magnetic Variation Operating Agency Operating Hours Contact
UTC 0(+1DT)
510702 N 003209 W 172 feet amsl 4 W Dunsfold Park Ltd Private Unlicensed Aerodrome PPR: By appointment only +44 (0)1483 200 900 -
Joining Instructions Communications Circuit Pattern Circuit Height PPR - Aircraft should call DUNSFOLD RADIO (119.100 Mhz) at the earliest opportunity when inside 10nm of the aerodrome Runway 07 right hand Runway 25 left hand 1000ft QNH At both ends of Runway 07/25 its width is twice that of the associated edge lights due to extra pavement at one side. Since runway centre lighting is not installed, pilots should ensure that they are correctly lined up The base of the London TMA overhead is 2,500ft The London Gatwick CTA is 1nm east of the aerodrome On occasions, high performance military aircraft operate to and from Dunsfold Aerodrome
Navigation Warnings
DECLARED DISTANCES
Declared distances are the available operational distances notified to a pilot for take-off, landing or safely aborting a take-off. These distances are used to determine whether the runway is adequate for the proposed landing or take-off or to determine the maximum payload permissible for a landing or take-off. take off run available (TORA); take off distance available (TODA); accelerate-stop distance available (ASDA); landing distance available (LDA);
(TORA) is defined as the length of runway available for the ground run of an aeroplane taking off. This is normally the full length of the runway; neither the SWY nor CWY are involved. (TODA) is defined as the distance available to an aeroplane for completion of its ground run, lift-off and initial climb to 35 ft. This will normally be the full length of the runway plus the length of any CWY (ASDA) is defined as the length of the take-off run available plus the length of any SWY. Any CWY is not involved. ASDA = TORA + SWY
(LDA) is defined as the length of runway available for the ground run of a landing aeroplane. The LDA commences at the runway threshold
Supplementary take-off distances available (STODA). For TODA having an obstacle clear gradient of more than 1.6%, STODA must be provided, except if the STODA is less than 800 m. STODA must be provided for obstacle clear take-off gradients of 1.6%, 1.9%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 3.3% and 5%, up to the gradient associated with TODA. In calculating STODA, care must be taken to ensure that a shielded object does not become critical for the lesser take-off distances
Main Apron:
Concrete PCN-43/F/C/W/T
RUNWAY WIDTH
the distance between the outside edges of the main gear wheels the distance between wing mounted engines and the longitudinal axis of an aeroplane the wing span
Width of runways
The width of a runway shall be not less than the appropriate dimension specified in the following tabulation:
Example
Al Najaf Al-Ashraf International Airport
1 2 RWY BRG True and Mag 10 100T / 96 -16M 9.842 ft x 147.6 ft 3000m x 45m 28 280T / 276 -16M 9.842 ft x 147.6 ft 3000m x 45m
RWY dimensions
4
5
PCN
THR Coordinates
43
N 31 5935 E 044 2320
43
N31 5911 E 044 2510
6 7 8 9 10 11
THR Elevation Slope of RWY/SWY SWY Dimensions CWY Dimensions Strip Dimensions Obstacle free zone
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