You are on page 1of 14

Numerical simulation of pulsatile flow in a disc and doughnut column

Presented by Raj Kumar Saini

Department of Energy Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai MH(India)-400076

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Introduction
o What is disc and doughnut pulsed column (DDPC)? o Applications
Solvent extraction for biotechnology, waste water treatment, heat sensitive materials purification, product recovery

Advantages
High (reasonable) capacity : 20-30 m3/m2-hr Low cost investment High residence time Smaller footprint Number of theoretical stages of pulsed column is required one-third of extraction column

Disadvantages
Limited stages due to back mixing Mass transfer efficiency of commercial DDPC is low

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Objective and Challenges


Challenges
To increase the interfacial area in pulsating flow through a disc and doughnut pulsed column Maximization of the mass transfer efficiency of disc and doughnut pulsed column

Objective:
Investigation of pulsating flow in disc-doughnut pulsed column for single phase flow

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Disc and doughnut pulsed column

o
o

We are considering one stage of DDPC for simulation


Assumptions:
Incompressible fluid Axi-symmetry

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Mathematical modeling
o Governing equation (in cylindrical coordinates) in non-dimensional form:
Continuity equation:

The radial components of the momentum conservation equation:

The velocity for pulsatile flow is combination of mean and fluctuating velocity:

The axial components of the momentum conservation equation:

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Mathematical modeling contd


o Non dimensional numbers : o Boundary conditions
Inlet - mass flow rate

Outlet -OUTFLOW
- Viscosity - Density, x0 - Amplitude of pulse R - Radius Angular frequency where, mass flow rate (kg/s), t time (s) and angular frequency (rad/s)

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Numerical method used for simulation


o Finite volume method

o
o o o o

Pressure-based solver used (ANSYS FLUENT 13.0)


Unsteady simulation Second order wind scheme used for discretization method (momentum) Structured grid (Mesh) The absolute convergence criteria 1109 (unit of field variable)

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Validation: case-1: Flow in annulus


Velocity profile
0.0018 0.0016 0.0014
Numerical simulation (Fluent) Analytical

Velocity profile , through annulus for fully developed profile steady state is given as:

Velocity, u (m/s)

0.0012 0.001

0.0008
0.0006 0.0004

Where 0.02 o

is a constant and value is

0.0002 0 0 0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025

Reynolds number (Re=49.26)

Position, r (m)

(Bird .et al 2006)*

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Validation: case-2: Flow reversibility for Re<<1


o The pulsatile velocity

o o

=0.01 rad/s, St = 0.16 and Re= 0.99 Streamline flow pattern is plotted in DDPC at a) t=T/20 , b) t=9T/20 a) t=T/20,

b) t=9T/20
For Re<1 and St<0.2 the flow is reversible
9 2011 ANSYS, Inc. February 28, 2014

Measuring zones
o Different zones for Reattachment length, l o Mass flow rate

Table. Parameters of DDPC


Parameter Column diameter Thickness of disc and doughnut Disc and doughnut space Diameter of disc Diameter of aperture(doughnut) Symbol D (mm) (mm) H (mm) d (mm) D0(mm)

10

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Results and discussions


o Effect of angular frequency on Normalized reattachment length at time 3T/8
Zone-1 Zone-2
Zone-3

As angular frequency increases, reattachment length decreases

11

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Results and discussions contd


o Effect of amplitude on Normalized reattachment length at time 3T/8
Zone-1

Zone-2

Zone-3

As Strouhal number increases reattachment length also increases

12

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

Conclusions
o o o o o Single phase flow in DDPC by CFD, at low St and Re has been simulated The flow is reversible for low Reynolds and Strouhal numbers as expected (Re<1. & St <0.2) Simulation results agree well with the analytical solutions in the low Re and St regime At lower frequency the effect of St on reattachment length is not significant At higher frequencies, the reattachment length increases with increase in St

13

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

References
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Bird R. B, Stewart W.E, L. E. N., 2006. Transport Phenomena. Second Edition. Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. Bujalski, J., Yang, W., Nikolov, J., Solnordal, C., Schwarz, M., 2006. Measurement and CFD simulation of single-phase flow in solvent extraction pulsed column. Chemical Engineering Science 61 (9), 2930-2938. Hungle Le, P. M., Kim, J., 1997. Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over a backward-facing step. Journal of Fluid Mechanics 330, 349-374. Jian, H., Ni, X., 2005. A numerical study on the scale-up behavior in oscillatory baffled columns. Chemical Engineering Research and Design 83 (10), 1163 -170. Mackley, M., Ni, X., 1991. Mixing and dispersion in a baffled tube for steady laminar and pulsatile flow. Chemical Engineering Science 46 (12), 3139 -3151.

6.
7. 8. 9.

Ni, X., Jian, H., Fitch, A. W., 2002a. Computational fluid dynamic modeling of flow patterns in an
oscillatory baffled column. Chemical Engineering Science 57 (14), 2849-2862. Ni, X., Mignard, D., Saye, B., Johnstone, J. C., Pereira, N., 2002b. On the evaluation of droplet breakage and coalescence rates in an oscillatory baffled reactor. Chemical Engineering Science 57 (11), 2101-2114. Z. Mehrez, M. Bouterra, A. E. C. A. B., Quere, P. L., 2010. Simulation of the periodically perturbed separated and reattaching ow over a backward-facing step. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics 3 (2), 1-8.

14

2011 ANSYS, Inc.

February 28, 2014

You might also like