PRESENTERS:

Afnan

Hafeez Ayesha Kousar Hina Ehsan Bakhtawar Nadeem Eraj Mushaq

TOPIC

 Current Energy Resources

What is energy crisis?

Causes Effects
Recommendations

Energy is central to the development of a country for several reasons:

First,

without access to modern energy services, it is difficult to effectively provide modern health services
agricultural productivity through intensification or increased value-added product processing

Improve

getting the full benefit of improved educational systems And most importantly energy is essential for building an economic base that can participate in todays globalized economy. support democratic governance through communication with citizens

ENERGY RESOURCESPAKISTAN

An Energy Crisis is any great shortfall in the supply of energy to an economy.

It usually refers to the shortage of oil, electricity or other natural resources.

ENERGY DEMAND/NEEDS
Pakistan's

energy requirement is increasing rapidly every year. The primary energy consumption in Pakistan grew by almost 80% in the past 15 years from 34 million tons oil equivalent (TOE) in 1994-95 to 61 million TOE in 2009-10.

 AGING OF THE EQUIPMENT

WASTAGE OF ENERGY HIGH COST OF FUEL

UNUSE OF COAL

 DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM UNPRODUCTIVE EFFORTS FLUCTUATION OF OIL PRICES IN INTERNATIONAL MARKET

 Energy crisis badly effects Education Great effect on Industries

Effects on Economy

The crisis often has effects on the rest of

the economy, with many recessions being caused by an energy crisis in some form. In particular, the production costs of electricity rise, which raises manufacturing costs.

(petrol) For the consumer, the price of gasoline and diesel for cars and other
vehicles rises, leading to reduced consumer confidence and spending, higher transportation costs and general price rising.

 Higher electricity prices Effect on agriculture

Unemployment increased

To overcome present energy crisis, Pakistan needs to take the following steps:

Continuous updating of equipments Conservation of energy resources Exploring coal

Kalabagh

dam should be made for the production of electricity and water.

Improvement of distribution System

Reactivates the closed power generation systems

Explorations of more oils, gas and coal reserves

 Government

of Pakistan should take strong steps to overhaul its existing infrastructure and transformed it to utilize renewable energy for future needs.
should also take steps to utilize the coal reserves though it will give us energy for next 25 years.

Government

Increase the number of IPPs(Independent Power Producers). Reactivate the closed power generating units. Overhaul the existing poor distribution system. Import electricity to fulfil the current need for industries on ad hoc basis. Government should have strict check on energy indicators on regular basis to counter such crisis in future.

Pakistan

has the resources to meet its growing energy requirements. challenge lies in making these options commercially and economically.

The