5 - Owa324020 Wcdma Hsupa Ran12 Principles Issue 1.01

WCDMA HSUPA Principles
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.
Foreword

HSUPA: High Speed Uplink Packet Access HSUPA, as one of important feature from Huawei RAN6, has been taken as an important enhancement to improve the network performance
Page1
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Outline the protocol architecture of HSUPA Know the key technologies of HSUPA
Page2
Contents
1. Introduction of HSUPA
2. HSUPA Concepts 3. Physical Layer Channels and Processing
Page3
High Speed Uplink Packet Access
Driver force for HSUPA
Data Rate demand for higher peak data rates in uplink Qos lower latency Capacity better uplink throughput Coverage better uplink coverage for higher data rate
Page4
UMTS Data Rate Evolution

GSM GPRS
WCDMA R99 HSDPA R5 HSUPA R6
EDGE
Mobile Network GSM GPRS Uplink Peak Data Rate 9.6Kbps 20Kbps Downlink Peak Data Rate 9.6Kbps 40Kbps
EDGE
WCDMA Release 99 HSDPA Release 5 HSUPA Release 6
60Kbps
384Kbps 384Kbps 1.4Mbps/5.76Mbps
Page5
120Kbps
384Kbps 10Mbps 10Mbps
Release 99 Uplink Packet Data
DCH (Dedicated Channel)
Variable spreading factor Closed loop power control Macro diversity (soft handover)
RACH
Common spreading code Fixed spreading factor
No closed loop power control

No soft handover
Page6
Release 99 Uplink Limitation
Large scheduling delay
Radio resource is controlled from RNC
Large latency
Transmission time interval duration of 10/20/40/80ms RNC based retransmission in case of errors (RLC layer)
Limited uplink data rate
Deployed peak data rate is 384kbps with limited subscriber
number
Page7
High Speed Uplink Packet Access

E-DCH
E-DCH channel has been introduced

Interference is shared by multiple users NodeB controls all UEs data rate with fast scheduling
Page8
Improved Characters by HSUPA

Higher peak data rate in uplink Reduced latency
Faster retransmission to improve throughput
Fast scheduling
Optimize the resource allocation to maximize the total throughput
Quality of Service support
Improve QoS control and resource utilization
Page9
HSUPA Key Technology Overview
HSUPA key technologies

2ms TTI Lower SF
Improved Cell Capacity Higher Peak Data Rate Lower Latency
Fast L1 HARQ New Channels

Fast scheduling
Improved QoS Support Fast Resource Scheduling
Page10
Application Scenarios for HSUPA
VoIP (Voice over IP)
Low latency, Quality of Service control and improved uplink capacity
Game
Lowe latency, fast resource allocation
Personal blog update
Upload personal essay, video, music and picture
Page11
Contents
1. Introduction of HSUPA
2. HSUPA Concepts
3. Physical Layer Channels and Processing
Page12
HSUPA vs. HSDPA

HSDPA
New high-speed shared channel
HSUPA
Dedicated channel with enhanced capabilities
HARQ with fast retransmission at layer 1 Rate/modulation adaptation Single serving cell Fast NodeB scheduler Shared NodeB power and code Fast power control Soft handover Fast NodeB scheduler Rise-over-Thermal (ROT)
Page13
Rise-over-Thermal Noise
In order to decode received data correctly, the uplink interference shall be controlled.
Rise-over-Thermal is a measure of the uplink load.
NodeB monitors uplink interference and tells UE how much power can be used to transmit uplink data.
Page14
HSUPA Key Technologies NodebB Scheduling
During HSUPA operation NodeB scheduler considers the

trade-off between the following two points:
Several users those want to transmit at high data rate all the
time
Satisfying all requested grants while preventing overloading and maximizing resource utilization
Page15
HSUPA Key Technologies 2ms TTI
Shorter TTI of 2ms
In HSUPA both 10ms TTI and 2ms TTI are supported. A shorter TTI allows reduction of the latency and increasing the average and peak cell throughput.
TTI for HSUPA (E-DCH) 2ms 10ms TTI for DCH 10ms 20ms 40ms 80ms
Page16
HSUPA Key Technologies Higher Data Rate

For a 10ms TTI UE, peak data rate is limited to 2 Mbps.
For a 2ms TTI UE, the theoretical maximum data rate is 5.76Mbps.
The conditions to get 5.76 Mbps
Lower channel coding gain

Effective code rate = 1
Requires very good channel conditions to decode
Lower spreading factor

UE uses SF 2
Multi-code transmission
UE uses 4 codes, 2 with SF2 and 2 with SF4
Calculation of 5.76 Mbps:
2 (3840000 / 2) + 2 (3840000 / 4) = 5.76Mbps
Two codes with SF2
Two codes with SF4
Page17
HSUPA Key Technologies HARQ
Hybrid-ARQ
N-channel stop-and-wait protocol, with 4 HARQ processes for 10ms TTI and 8 HARQ processes for 2ms TTI
Synchronous retransmission
Separate HARQ feedback is provided per radio link.
Page18
HSUPA Key Technologies New Channels
Five new physical channels and one new transport channel are introduced to support HSUPA.
E-HICH: Carry ACK/NACK for HARQ E-RGCH: Carry relative grant for scheduling E-AGCH: Carry absolute grant for scheduling E-DPDCH: Carry uplink HSUPA data (carry E-DCH) E-DPCCH: Carry control information related to uplink HSUPA data
Page19
HSUPA Key Technologies New Channels (cont.)
The channel mapping in HSUPA:

DCCH DTCH
E-DCH
E-DPDCH
E-AGCH E-DPCCH E-HICH

E-RGCH
Page20
HSUPA Channel Operation
The UE sends a transmission request to

the NodeB for getting resources.
The NodeB responds to the UE with a grant assignment, allocating uplink band
ES T EQ U
to the UE.
1. R
NodeB
RA 3. D 4. A
2. G
transmission to the NodeB.
The NodeB attempts to decode the received data and send ACK/NACK to the UE. In case of NACK, data may be retransmitted.
Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page21
UE
CK
/N
appropriate transport format for the Data
CK
TA
The UE uses the grant to select the
HSUPA Channel Operation (continued)
1. Transmission Request
The UE request data
transmission by the scheduling

information (SI), which is determined according to the UE power and buffer data availability.
UE Buffer
UE Power
UE
The scheduling information is sent to the NodeB.

Scheduling Information (SI)
Page22
2. Grant Assignment
The Node B determines the UE
grant by monitoring uplink

interference (RoT at he receiver), and by considering the UE transmission requests and level of satisfaction.
RoT
SI
Satisfaction
NodeB
The grant is signaled to the UE by new grant channels.

GRANT
Page23
3. Data Transmission
The UE uses the received grant
UE Power GRANT UE Buffer
and, based on its power and data

availability, selects the E-DCH transport format and the corresponding transmit power.
UE
Data are transmitted by the UE on together with the related control information.
Data and related control information
Page24
4. Data Acknowledgment
The NodeB attempts to decode
Data and related control information
the received data and indicates to

the UE with ACK/NACK.
If no ACK is received by he UE,
the data may be retransmitted.
NodeB
ACK/NACK
Page25
HSUPA Protocol Stack

SM (Session Management)
NAS
GMM (GPRS Mobility Management) RRC (Radio Resource Control) RLC (Radio Link Control)
AS
MAC-es and MAC-d (Medium Access Control)
Iu Interface
MAC-e
Iub Interface Physical Layer
UE
NodeB
RNC
Page26
SGSN
E-DCH Active Set and Mobility Support
There are three different types of

radio links in the UE E-DCH active set:
Serving E-DCH Radio Link Set (RLS) Serving E-DCH cell
Serving E-DCH Cell: The cell from which UE receives AGCH.
Serving E-DCH RLS: Set of cells that contain at least the serving cell and
from which the UE can receive

RGCH
No-Serving RL: Cell that belongs to the E-DCH active set but not belong
to the serving RLS and from which

the UE can receive a RGCH.
Non-Serving E-DCH Radio Link (RL)
Page27
HSUPA UE Capabilities
E-DCH category Max number of E-DPDCH channels Category 1 Category 2 Category 3 Category 4 Category 5 Category 6 1 2 2 2 2 4 SF4 SF4 SF4 SF2 SF2 SF2 10ms 2&10 ms 10ms 2&10 ms 10ms 2&10ms Minimum SF Supported TTI Peak rate for TTI = 10MS 711kbps 1448kbps 1448kbps 2000kbps 2000kbps 2000kbps Peak rate for TTI = 2ms -1448kbps -2886kbps -5742kbps
Page28
Contents
1. Introduction of HSUPA 2. HSUPA Concepts
3. Physical Layer Channels and Processing
Page29
New Channels for HSUPA
Uplink Transport Channel
E-DCH: Carries high speed uplink data
Uplink Physical Channels
E-DPDCH: Carries E-DCH E-DPCCH: Carries control signal for E-DPDCH
Downlink Physical Channels
E-HICH: Carries HARQ ACK/NACK indicator for E-DCH E-RGCH: Carries relative grant determined by the scheduler E-AGCH: Carries absolute grant determined by the scheduler
Page30
New Channels in HSUPA Operation
1. The UE sends a request for resources. The request includes status of its data buffers and is sent on E-DPDCH.
2. Based on the request from the UE, the Node B allocates a resource grant to the UE. The grant is sent on the E-AGCH channel. 3. This grant can be modified by the Node B every TTI using the E-RGCH channel. 4. The UE transmits data on E-DPDCH. Control information needed to decode the data is sent on E-DPCCH. 5. The Node B decodes the received packet and informs the UE whether it could decode the data successfully or not on the E-HICH channel.
E-DPDCH E-AGCH E-HICH E-DPCCH E-RGCH
E-DCH

E-DCH is mapped to one or more E-DPDCHs. Control information for E-DCH is sent to E-DPCCH. One transport block (TB) is transferred in one TTI. Transmission time interval (TTI) can be 10ms or 2ms.
Support for 10ms is mandatory in the UE.

Support for 2ms is mandatory for UE with E-DCH peak capability above.
Page32
E-DCH Channel Coding

Transport block from MAC
CRC
A 24 bit CRC is attached to the transport block.
Add CRC attachment

Code block segmentation
Channel Coding
Channel coding
Turbo coding with 1/3 coding ratio

Physical layer HARQ/ rate matching Physical channel segmentation Interleaving & physical Channel mapping
Physical channel(s)
E-DCH HARQ Rate Matching

Hybrid HARQ/Rate Matching
Hybrid ARQ match the number of bits at the turbo coder to the total number of bits available in the EDPDCH(s).
Add CRC attachment

Code block segmentation
Channel coding Physical layer HARQ/ rate matching Physical channel segmentation Interleaving & physical Channel mapping
Redundancy Version (RV) controls rate matching.
Physical channel(s)
E-DCH Segmentation & Interleaving

Physical Channel Segmentation
To distribute bits among multiple EDPDCH when more than one E-DPDCH is used.
Add CRC attachment Code block segmentation
Interleaving
Channel coding
The same as UL DCH interleaving
Physical layer HARQ/ rate matching

Physical channel segmentation Interleaving & physical Channel mapping
Channel Mapping
If more than one E-DPDCH is used, the bits should be mapped to different EDPDCHs.
Physical channel(s)
Page35
E-DPDCH Spreading Code

Nmax-dpdch
0
E-DPDCHK
E-DPDCH1
Spreading Code
Cch,SF,SF/4 if SF >= 4 Cch,2,1 if SF = 2
E-DPDCH2
E-DPDCH3 E-DPDCH4 1 E-DPDCH1 E-DPDCH2
Cch,4,1 if SF = 4 Cch,2,1 if SF = 2
Cch,4,1
Cch,SF,SF/2 Cch,4,2 if SF = 4 Cch,2,1 if SF = 2

Page36
E-DPDCH I/Q Channel Mapping

Channelization code Gain factor IQk E-DPDCH1 Scrambling code
Nmaxdpdch
HS-DSCH configured NO/YES
E-DPDCHK E-DPDCH1 E-DPDCH2 E-DPDCH3 E-DPDCH4
IQk I Q I Q
E-DPDCHK E-DPCCH
. . .
I + jQ
NO
E-DPDCH1
E-DPDCH2
Q
I I Q
E-DPDCHk is mapped to I brand or

Q brand according to IQk. E-DPCCH is always mapped to I branch.
YES
E-DPDCH1 E-DPDCH2
Page37
E-DPCCH
E-DPCCH is always transmitted on uplink with E-DPDCH.
Always transmitted with E-DPDCH simultaneously.
E-DPCCH includes:
RSN: Uplink HARQ transmission number E-TFCI: E-DCH transport format combination indicator Happy Bit: for support of scheduling
Channelization code for E-DPCCH is Cch,256,1
Always mapped to I branch
Page38
E-DPCCH Coding
Data in one E-DPCCH subframe
RSN
E-TFCI
Happy bit
RSN: 2 bits E-TFCI: 7 bits Happy bit: 1 bit

Channel Coding 30 bits Physical channel mapping Multiplexing
10 bits
For 10ms TTI, the same coded bit sequence is transmitted in 5 subframes.
one E-DPCCH subframe
Page39
E-DPCCH Coding (continued)
RSN bits in E-DPCCH are used to indicate the type of redundancy version (RV) of each HARQ transmission and to aid in soft buffer management at the NodeB.

RSN = 0: First transmission RSN = 1: Second transmission RSN = 2: Third transmission RSN = 3: Additional transmission
RV selection rules:

UTRAN can configure the UE to use RV = 0 for all transmissions. Or UTRAN can configure the UE to use RSN to change RV.
Page40
E-DPCCH & E-DPDCH Frame Format

E-DPDCH Data, Ndata bits 2560 chips, Ndata = 10*2 bits (k = 07) E-DPCCH 10 bits 2560 chips
k
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 3
Slot i
Slot 14
1 subframe = 2ms
1 frame = 10ms
Page41
E-AGCH
E-AGCH is a common downlink channel.
Fixed data rate: 30kbps QPSK modulation
Spreading factor: 256
E-AGCH carries absolute grant for E-DCH for all UEs in the cell. Transmission on E-AGCH can be 2ms or 10ms.
2ms if E-DCH TTI is 2ms

10ms if E-DCH TTI is 10ms
UE listens to the E-AGCH from the serving cell only.
Page42
E-AGCH Coding
5 bits grant
1 bit scope
Multiplexing

5 bits for the absolute grant values 1 bit (Xags) for the scope of the grant
Multiplexing 6 bits ID specific CRC attachment 22 bits Channel coding 90 bits Rate matching
CRC

16 bits CRC is masked with E-RNTI E-RNTI is used to address UE.
Channel Coding
Rate 1/3 convolutional coding
Rate Matching
Puncturing to get 60 bits from 90 bits generated after channel coding
60 bits
Physical channel mapping
Physical Channel Mapping

60 bits mapped to one subframe (20 bits per slot) For 10ms TTI, same bits get repeated for all 5 subframe
One E-AGCH subframe

Page43
E-AGCH Frame Format

E-AGCH 20 bits
2560 chips
Slot 0
Slot 1
Slot 3
Slot i
Slot 14
1 subframe = 2ms 1 frame = 10ms
Page44
E-HICH
E-HICH is a dedicated downlink channel that carries HARQ ACK/NACK.
QPSK modulation
Spreading factor is 128 and the channelization code for E-HICH is

same with E-RGCH.
Transmitted from all cells in the E-DCH active set.
ACK/NACK is indicated using a binary indicator.
ACK is +1. NACK from cells in serving E-DCH radio link set is -1. NACK from cells not in serving E-DCH radio link set is 0 (DTX).
Page45
E-RGCH & E-HICH Coding

Same channelization code Cch,128,k Different signature sequences, Css,40,m(i) and Css,40,n(i) for slot i
S / 40 bits/slot 1/0/-1 p (UP/HOLD/DOWN)
Css,40,m(i)
Q P S K
Scrambling GRGCH
Cch,128,k j
Scrambling GHICH
Css,40,n(i)
1/(-1 or 0) (ACK/NACK)
S / 40 bits/slot p
Q P S K
Cch,128,k j
Page46
Channel Configuration
E-DCH can be established in combination with the following downlink configurations:

Downlink DCH only HS-DSCH only Both DCH and HS-DSCH
The following uplink configuration are possible:
Uplink DCH only
E-DCH only
Both uplink DCH and E-DCH
Downlink and uplink configurations can be combined independently.

Page47
Uplink Channel Configuration with HSUPA
The maximum number of each type of channels for each possible uplink channel configuration except for DPCCH
Configurations DPDCH
HSDPCCH
EDPDCH 2 4
E-DPCCH
DCH only DCH + E-DCH E-DCH only
6 1 -
1 1 1
1 1
Page48
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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WCDMA HSUPA Principles

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

High Speed Uplink Packet Access

Driver force for HSUPA

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

UMTS Data Rate Evolution

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Release 99 Uplink Packet Data

DCH (Dedicated Channel)

Common spreading code Fixed spreading factor

No closed loop power control

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Release 99 Uplink Limitation

Large scheduling delay

Radio resource is controlled from RNC

Limited uplink data rate

Deployed peak data rate is 384kbps with limited subscriber

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

High Speed Uplink Packet Access

E-DCH channel has been introduced

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Improved Characters by HSUPA

Higher peak data rate in uplink Reduced latency

Faster retransmission to improve throughput

Optimize the resource allocation to maximize the total throughput

Quality of Service support

Improve QoS control and resource utilization

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HSUPA Key Technology Overview

HSUPA key technologies

Fast L1 HARQ New Channels

Improved QoS Support Fast Resource Scheduling

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Application Scenarios for HSUPA

VoIP (Voice over IP)

Low latency, Quality of Service control and improved uplink capacity

Lowe latency, fast resource allocation

Personal blog update

Upload personal essay, video, music and picture

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HSUPA vs. HSDPA

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Rise-over-Thermal is a measure of the uplink load.

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HSUPA Key Technologies NodebB Scheduling

During HSUPA operation NodeB scheduler considers the

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HSUPA Key Technologies 2ms TTI

Shorter TTI of 2ms

Copyright 2010 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

HSUPA Key Technologies Higher Data Rate

For a 10ms TTI UE, peak data rate is limited to 2 Mbps.

The conditions to get 5.76 Mbps

Lower channel coding gain

Requires very good channel conditions to decode

Lower spreading factor

Calculation of 5.76 Mbps:

2 (3840000 / 2) + 2 (3840000 / 4) = 5.76Mbps