An Introduction to KM

Knowledge, knowledge workers and KM are topics

receiving increasing attention from a variety disciplines.

KM is one of the hottest topics today in both the

industry world and information research world.

Many have said we are moving from a post industrial to a

knowledge-based economy. (Drucker, 1993) Effective KM is now recognized to be the key driver of new knowledge and new ideas to the innovation process to new innovative products, services and solutions.

 Knowledge Age is the third wave of human socio-

economic development.
1st wave was Agricultural Age

Wealth was defined as ownership of land 2nd wave was Industrial Age Wealth was defined on ownership of capital (i.e. factories) 3rd wave was Knowledge Age Wealth was based upon the ownership of knowledge and the ability to use that knowledge to create or improve goods and services.

(Charles Savage in Fifth Generation Management, 2008)

Knowledge is intangible dynamic, and difficult to measure, but without it no organization can survive. Explicit : knowledge which has been encoded into some media external to a person. (Walczak, 2005) Tacit : knowledge that is stored within an individual and as such is personal and context specific. (Lin and Tseng, 2005 ; Srdoc et. al., 2005)

Knowledge management (KM) is an effort to increase useful knowledge within the organization. Ways to do this include encouraging communication, offering opportunities to learn, and promoting the sharing of appropriate knowledge artifacts.

(Kimiz Dalkir, 2005)

The history of managing knowledge goes back to the earliest civilizations (Wiig, 1997).

 KM is in a state of high growth, especially

among the business and legal services industries . Currently, communities of practice such as the KM Network and the development of standards and best practices are in a mature stage of development.

ELEMENTS OF A KM INITIATIVE

Model by Nonaka and Takeuchi, 1995

I. PEOPLE
Refers to cultural and behavioral approach

Knowledge is created by individuals

In Japanese Firms, the creation and sharing of knowledge can only happen when individuals cooperate willingly.

II. PROCESSES
Processes in contributing the knowledge management 4 processes of interactions is a spiral process that takes place repeatedly
b) Externalization a) Socialization Sharing tacit knowledge through face-to-face communication or shared experience. eg: meeting Developing concepts and models to convert tacit knowledge to explicit knowledge Enable it to be communicated to others c) Combination Combination of various elements of explicit knowledge to form more complex and systematic explicit knowledge

d) Internalization Understand explicit knowledge Closely linked to learning by doing

Cont.

III. TECHNOLOGY
Refers to the network system Facilitate connections: a. Among knowledgeable people (by helping them find & interact with one another) b. Between people and sources of information Through ICT, explicit knowledge can be captured and disseminated

PILLARS OF K-ECONOMY
ICT

INNOVATION

EDUCATION

KNOWLEDGE ECONOMY

INFORMATION SOCIETY KNOWLEDGE SOCIETY KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMEN T

INFORMATIC

IMPORTANCE OF KM FOR COMPETITIVE EDGE IN THE K-ECONOMY

K-economy is about knowledge and the ability to create new value and wealth
In the K-economy, wealth derived from the exploitation of intangible assets like experience, know-how and knowledge To be success in K-economy, we need to accept and adapt to an environment where intangible assets are the key driver K-economy is more than a commitment to manage and tap into the accumulated knowledge within the business Knowledge Management leads to greater productivity

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT
Focuses on its users. Practioners summarize, contextualize, value-judge, rank, synthesize, edit and facilitate to make information and knowledge accessible between people within or outside their organization. It concerns with the social interactions with sharing and use of knowledge. KM is largely based on tacit interpretation that relate to human behavior and interchange.

Tacit Knowledge and Explicit Knowledge

Tacit knowledge
Ability to adapt, to deal with new an exceptional situations

Explicit knowledge
Ability to disseminate, to reproduce, to access and to reapply throughout the organization Ability to teach, to train

Expertise, know-how, know-why and care-why

Ability to collaborate, to share a vision, to transmit a culture

Ability to organize, to systematize, to translate a vision into a mission statement, into operational guidelines

Coaching and mentoring to Transfer of knowledge via transfer experiential knowledge products, services and on one-to-one, face-to-face basis documented processes

IT

Social Capital

KNOWLEDGE INFRASTRUCTUR E

Top Management Support

Customer Knowledge

THANK YOU