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v
v
f
body
total
sub
=
How deep in the water does the
drum float?
Alternatively what is h?
Archimedes Principle
Example Question
kg M
drum
250 =
m H 1 =
h
m D 8 . 0 =
3
1020 m kg
sw
=
How deep in the sea water does the drum
float?
1. 0.488 m
2. 1 m
3. 0.122 m
4. 0.497 m
5. It sinks!
6. None of the above
Archimedes Principle
Example Question
kg M
drum
250 =
m H 1 =
h
m D 8 . 0 =
Check your understanding
Consider two 5-cm-diameter sphere balls one made of steel, the other wood
submerged in water.
Will the buoyancy force acting on these two balls be the same or different?
Why?
Will the buoyancy force change if the balls are submerged in oil?
Steel
Wood
F
b
W
F
b
W
Worked example
A steel ball of 10cm-in-diameter submerged in water is hanging with a string
from top. Calculate the tensile force in the string. (The density of steel is
7800kg/m
3
.)
water
F
S
W
F
b
3 4
3
3
body
m 10 5.23
2
0.1
3.14
3
4
R
3
4
V
=
|
.
|
\
|
= =
Is it Stable?
Terminology:
Centre of Buoyancy
Centre of Gravity
Stable Equilibrium
Neutral Equilibrium
Unstable Equilibrium
Metacentre
Metacentric Height
c.g.
c.b.
Stability
Stable?
Restoring Moment = Wx
G below B
B
W
G
G
B
W
x
Rotation
Stability of Submerged Objects
Stable Equilibrium
B @ G
G
B
W
G
B
W
Neutral Equilibrium
Rotation
Stability of Submerged Objects
Overturning Moment = Wx
G above B
G
B
W
G
B
W
x
Unstable Equilibrium
Rotation
Stability of Submerged Objects
The Metacentre is the point where the line of action of
the up-thrust intersects the original vertical line through
the centre of buoyancy and the centre of gravity.
The restoring or overturning moment is
GM = metacentric height
When is small: u . .GM W
u sin . .GM W
Stability of Floating Bodies
Metacentric Height
G
B
B
W
B
B
W
u
M Above G therefore Stable
Metacentric Height
GM
Stability of Floating Bodies
G
B
B
W
G
B
B
W
u
M Below G
therefore
Unstable
Metacentric Height
Stability of Floating Bodies
c.g.
c.b.
Metacentre
Stability of Floating Bodies
Stable?
We have looked today at:
Buoyancy force
Stability of submerged and floating bodies
Next lecture
Rigid body motion
Summary