Class 36 More Reform Movements

Opening question: How much hard alcohol do you drink per year? And do you think you drink more or less than your average nineteenth-century person?

How much hard liquor do you drink?

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. None Less than a gallon A gallon 2 gallons 5 gallons more than 5 gallons
31% 31%

13%

12% 7%

7%

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Alcohol consumption measured in gallons of alcohol

5 4 3 2 1 0 1800 per capita consumption

Announcements
M Apr 7
W Apr 9

GML, CHAPTER 13, A HOUSE DIVIDED

ATF, CHAPTER 7, THE MADNESS OF JOHN BROWN GML, CHAPTER 14, A NEW BIRTH OF FREEDOM: THE CIVIL WAR ATF response opportunity (you can do a maximum of four of these for credit)

F Apr 11

M Apr 14
W Apr 16 F Apr 18

NO READING
NO READING TEST 3 Test 3

 Last class we talked about resistance to slavery, abolition, and the womens movement Today we will discuss more reform movements (such as temperance) and then start to go west

Aftermath of Seneca Falls Convention

Conventions and legislative petitions begin to create change More property rights for women Divorce settlements and child custody more favorable to women 1869 Territory of Wyoming first territory to grant women the right to vote

Women in Pants!
All the journals from Maine to Texas seemed to strive with each other to see which could make our movement appear the most ridiculous.

The Temperance Movement, 1800-1830

5 gallons of hard alcohol per person 3x more than today

Broken Sabbath Broke families Violence Not conducive to factory or regular work

 1826 American Temperance Society 5000 local societies Martha Washington Societies

 Temperance literature:
10 Nights in a Bar-room, 1854
Poorhouse Murdered by gambler Cause daughters death and reform

The Bottle

Effect of Temperance Movement measured in gallons of alcohol

5 4 3 2 1 0 1800 1840 per capita consumption

Other Social services

Penitentiaries and Asylums

 Horace Mann Board of Ed. Mass Advocated Universal Public Schools

Education

The Second Great Awakenings and Religious Enthusiasm

Religious Awakenings and Reform

Charles Finney and evangelicalism, 1830

Religious maps

John Miller and millennialism, 1843

Utopian reform communities

Religious Utopian Hideout

A Different Kind of Reform: Utopian communities (or hideouts)

Religious Utopian Hideouts

Shakers 1820s
Ann Lee God has male and female side Celibate Sexes divided Communal

Oneida 1848
John Humphrey Noyes Corporation Perfection Complex Marriage Stirpiculture

Secular Utopian Hideouts

New Harmony 1825

Robert Owen (Scottish Industrialist) Balance agriculture and manufacturing Communitarian Infighting between leaders

La Reunion Colony and Victor Considerant, 1855 (Jean Fourier)

The Mormon Experience

Joseph Smith (Founder of Mormon Church)

1805-1844 NY Great Awakening 1820 Ask of God 1823 Angel Moroni Cryptic writings on golden plates Book of Mormon

Smith, polygamy, and slavery

Emma Hale A lot of evidence for plural wives 1838 No we do not believe in setting Negroes free. 1844 gradual end to slavery -- compensation from public land sales

Nauvoo, 1840
Charter City Nauvoo Want to be selfgoverning Anti-mormonism grows Nauvoo destroyed Smith jailed June 27 1844 Smith killed

The Mormon Migration/Latter-Day Saints (almost 3000 pioneers) 1856-1860

Brigham Young Salt Lake City -- Utah

Lyman Wight and Zodiac, Texas

Western Expansion

The Journey West