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CPU
General Serial
I/O
purpose RAM ROM Timer Com
Ports
Micro port
processor
Microcontroller
Serial
I/O Timer Com
Port
• EEPROM memory makes it easier to
apply microcontrollers to devices where
permanent storage of various parameters
is needed (codes for transmitters, motor
speed, receiver frequencies, etc.).
• Low cost, low consumption, easy handling
and flexibility make PIC16F84 applicable
even in areas where microcontrollers had
not previously been considered (example:
timer functions, interface replacement in
larger systems, coprocessor applications,
etc.).
Choosing a microcontroller
• Speed
• Packing
• Power consumption
• RAM/ROM
• I/O ports
• Up gradation
• Cost per unit
Address bus and data
Address bus and Data Bus
bus are the same
are seperate
• In Harvard architecture, data bus and address
bus are separate. Thus a greater flow of data is
possible through the central processing unit, and
of course, a greater speed of work.
• Separating a program from data memory makes
it further possible for instructions not to have to
be 8-bit words. PIC16F84 uses 14 bits for
instructions which allows for all instructions to be
one word instructions.
• PIC16F84 has a RISC architecture
• Harvard architecture is a newer concept than
von-Neumann's
• Microcontrollers with Harvard architecture are
also called "RISC microcontrollers". RISC stands
for Reduced Instruction Set Computer
• Microcontrollers with von-Neumann's
architecture are called 'CISC microcontrollers'.
Title CISC stands for Complex Instruction Set
Computer.
• PIC16F84 perfectly fits many uses, from
automotive industries and controlling
home appliances to industrial instruments,
remote sensors, electrical door locks and
safety devices. It is also ideal for smart
cards as well as for battery supplied
devices because of its low consumption.
Port A
XT Oscillator
RC Oscillator
Reset
• Reset is used for putting the microcontroller into a
'known' condition
• That practically means that microcontroller can behave
rather inaccurately under certain undesirable conditions.
• a) Reset during power on, POR (Power-On Reset)
b) Reset during regular work by bringing logical zero to
MCLR microcontroller's pin.
c) Reset during SLEEP regime
d) Reset at watchdog timer (WDT) overflow
e) Reset during at WDT overflow during SLEEP work
regime.
Ports
Ports
Port B
Port A