Landfill Planning

Planning

Access Layout Site life Fill sequencing Excavation sequencing Closure sequencing

Access

Here are some ways to improve access

Make all-weather roads Consolidate activities to minimize length of roads

All-weather Roads

Use concrete or asphalt

Millings are best Separate small from large

Crush large Use small

Stockpile in appropriate location

Layout & Efficiency

Efficiency Lets talk about it.

Closed Trench w/o Final Cover

Closed Trench w/o Final Cover Active Trench

Closed Trench w/o Final Cover

Closed Trench w/o Final Cover Excavated Trench

Excavated Trench

Excavated Trench

Entrance

Metal Pile

Rubble Pile

Soil Stockpile

Compost Pile

Site Life

Assumptions on density

Most ranged from 900-1,200 pcy depending on the type of machine used to compact the trash. This in the ballpark.

Assumptions on cover ratio

Most were 6:1 (6cy waste : 1cy soil) This is a little further out.

Site Life

Based on errors in cover ratio assumption, most landfills wont last as long as expected. And they will run out of soil before their completion date.

Detailed Operational (sequence) Planning

Most landfills have a general site plan

(i.e., for permitting)

Few have useful operations plans

Excavation plans Fill sequence plans Soil management plans Coordination re: drainage, access, excavation, etc.

Solution:

develop a short-term operations plan

Fill Sequence Plan

Ensures wet-weather capacity Build to long-term design plans Optimizes filling operation Pre-plans access roads Pre-plans drainage system Provides lift-by-lift instructions

Volume Calculations

Vital part of FSP. Show fill and excavation volumes. Normally should not tie activities to a specific date - tie to waste volumes.
Example: During Phase 2 you will place 20,000 yards of waste, excavate 10,000 yards of soil, use 7,000 yards of soil for cover, and stockpile 3,000 yards of soil.

A Real Plan

Every landfill has a plan. Lets take a look

Heres an Example

Fill Sequence Plans

Plan Details

Excavation Plans

Sequencing the excavation Equipment cost/hour Haul road slope Annual soil requirements Depth of individual excavation cells

Excavation Plan

Coordinated with fill sequence plans Works to minimize double-handling of soil Establishes efficient haul roads Manages soil stockpiles Integral part of soil management plan Phases excavation based on TVM

Stockpile Placement Considerations

Place close to minimize haul distance Place on top of waste to surcharge and gain airspace Track volumes to stay on budget

Soil Management Plan

Develop Soil Inventory Create Soil Volume/Cost Timeline Minimize Double-Handling of Soil Avoid Soil Shortage/Surplus Utilize soil stockpiles efficiently

close haul surcharging

Manage various soil types efficiently

Fill Sequencing Costs

FSP - should show optimum sequencing

wet weather areas, push distances

Phasing - build least expensive phases first, most expensive phases later Expense is measured per yard of airspace provided by each phase.

Fill Sequencing Costs

Why delay? Time Value of Money - present dollars are more valuable than future dollars

Example: You want to buy golf clubs for your brother who is retiring in 2 years.

1. Buy them now - cost $900 2. Buy them in 2 years - invest $743.76 at 10% interest, you will have $900 in 2 years

effectively save $156.24 in present dollars

Closure Sequencing

Close it as you go this is important!!

Its all exposed from start to finish.

Its capped as you go - a fraction of the exposure.

Pass It On

If youve learned something, pass it on