Susan M.

Pojer Horace Greeley HS Chappaqua, NY

A View of Egypt by Satellite

The Annual Flooding of the Nile

Agriculture was central to the rise of kingdoms in the Nile Valley. Every time the Nile overflowed its banks its nutrient rich silt was deposited on its shores.

The Fertile Nile Valley

Between 5,000 and 4,000 B.C full time farmers established settlements along the Nile. These settlements eventually grew into regional states known as Upper and Lower Egypt

Ancient Egyptian History

Periods
Nile Culture Begins Old Kingdom Middle Kingdom New Kingdom Greek Ptolemaic Era Roman Period

Time Frame
3900 B. C. E. 2705 2213 B. C. E. 2061 1668 B. C. E. 1560 1070 B. C. E. 332 30 B. C. E. 30 B. C. E. 395 C. E.

Menes:

Unifier of Upper & Lower Egypt

First Dynasty c. 3050 B. C. E. ?

The unification of Upper and Lower Egypt marked the beginning of the 3,000 year civilization of Ancient Egypt.

Scenes of Ancient Egyptian Daily Life

Each time a kingdom ended, Egypt entered a period of confusion that lasted until a new dynasty restored order.

Ancient Egyptian Housing

Middle Class Homes

Peasant Homes

An Egyptian Womans Must-Haves

Mirror

Perfume
Whigs

Egyptian Social Hierarchy

Egyptian Kings were called Pharaohs. Originally it was the rulers palaces that were known as Pharaohs, meaning Great House

Some Famous Egyptian Pharaohs

Tutankhamon
1336-1327 B. C. E.

1504-1450 B. C. E.
1279-1212 B. C. E.

Thutmose III

Ramses II

Papyrus Paper

Papyrus Plant

Hieratic Scroll Piece

Egyptian writing was known as hieroglyphics. This form of writing is based on picture like symbols that are carved into stone tablets / monuments or placed on papyrus

Hieroglyphics Alphabet
24 letters + 700 phonetic symbols

Egyptian Math & Draftsmenship

1 10 100 1000 10,000 100,000 1,000,000 What number is this?

2,525

Egyptian Scribe

A system of writing allowed Egyptians to keep records of the Kingdoms history, knowledge, and business matters, i.e. taxes.

Preparations for the Underworld

Rulers = Gods
They stood at the center of Egypts religion and government

They were expected to rule in both this life and the next

Shabtis: The Pharaohs Servants

in the Afterlife

Egyptian Book of the Dead

They believed that the afterlife went on forever, so they made elaborate preparations for their deaths.

Bent Pyramid of King Sneferu

Egyptians made huge tombs filled with luxuries for their eternal comfort

Stepped Pyramid at Saqqara

The step pyramid is made of six stone platforms and is the oldest standing building in the world

Plan of the Great Pyramid of Khufu

Giza Pyramid Complex

Built by King Khufu

Largest Pyramid

The Valley of the Kings

The construction of monuments drained the Old Kingdom financially. In time droughts and weak kings led to the decline of this civilization

Nile Irrigation-the Shaduf

During the Middle Kingdom the rulers planned for droughts by digging irrigation systems that piped water from the Nile into storage basins.

The Hyksos Invasion

The Middle Kingdom was attacked by the Hyksos in 1770 B.C

They rolled into the Nile River Valley In revolutionary two wheeled chariots

King Tutankhamuns Tomb

Rulers of The New Kingdom learned from The Hyksos. They stole their ideas for horse drawn chariots / bronze weapons, and used them to drive out the Hyksos.

King Tutankhamons Death Mask

1336-1327 B. C. E. = One of The Best Known Rulers of Egypt

Entrance to King Tuts Tomb

King Tutankhamon

Treasures From Tuts Tomb