K THUT TCH CHIT BNG SNG SIU M

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BI BO CO
PHNG PHP TCH CHIT
GVHD: TS. ..................
HV: L VN HONG
MSHV: 0913003
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T VN
II
NI DUNG
III
KT LUN
Cu trc
1. Gii thiu chung
2. ng dng
3. V d
Cc phng php c in: Tc bng nhit, dung mi,
bng lc,.... Thng a n kt qu rt lu.

T khi c cc thit b nh l vi sng , sng siu m, th
vic tch chit xy ra nhanh hn gp c ngn ln.

l vn cn nghin cu trong ti ny.
I. t vn
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1. Gii thiu chung v sng siu m

a. Khi nim: Siu m l sng c hc hnh thnh do
s lan truyn dao ng ca cc phn t trong khng
gian c tn s ln hn gii hn trn ngng nghe
ca con ngi (16-20kHz).
II. Ni dung
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B phn chuyn phn ln in nng thnh dng
in xoay chiu tn s cao vn hnh b phn
bin i.

B phn bin i chuyn dng in xoay chiu tn
s cao thnh nhng dao ng.

H thng truyn sng s truy n nhng dao ng
vo trong lng cht lng.
b. Thit b pht sng siu m
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Hin tng xm kh th
Nguyn l tc ng ca sng siu m
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Sng siu m cng cao truyn vo trong lng
cht lng s gy nn s kch thch mnh lit. Ti b
mt tip xc gia 2 pha lng/rn hay kh/rn, sng
siu m gy nn s hn lon cc do to thnh
nhng vi xoy.

Hin tng ny lm gim ranh gii gia cc pha, tng
cng s truyn khi i lu v thc y xy ra s
khuych tn mt vi trng hp m khuy trn
thng thng khng t c
Hin tng vi xoy
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Hin tng si bng (cavitation): Sng siu m c
to ra bng cc dao ng c hc tn s cao hn
15kHz. Khi truyn trong mi trng lng, cc phn t
trong trng siu m tri qua cc chu trnh nn
(compression) v dui (rarefaction) v nhng dao ng
ny s lan truy n cho cc phn t k cn.

Khi nng lng ln, ti chu trnh dui, tng tc gia
cc phn t s vt qu lc hp dn ni ti v cc l
hng nh trong lng cht lng c hnh thnh.
Hin tng trn cn c gi l hin tng si bng
Cc hiu ng vt l v ha hc khi
chiu siu m ln h cht lng
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Hin tng v bng

Khi chng t n mt th tch m chng khng
cn c th hp thu c nng lng, chng v ra
mt cch t ngt v nhanh chng. Trong sut qu
trnh v, nhit v p sut s tng ln rt cao
(khong 4000K v 1000atm).

Th tch cht lng b gia nhit l rt nh v nhit
nhanh chng b tiu tan, mc d nhit ti vng
ny th rt cao trong vi s. Mt khc, nhit v
p sut cao to ra khi n bong bng s dn ti s
to thnh cc gc t do nh l H v OH
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Mt s thng s nh l tn s v bin ca sng
siu m, nhit v nht ca mi trng nh
hng n mc to bong bng kh.
c. Cc yu t nh hng n
kh nng hnh thnh v vbng

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-Siu m tn scao v nng lng thp: cn c
gi l siu m chun on, trong khong tn s
20 60 MHz [51]. Phn ny c s d ng
nh mt k thut phn tch, khng lm ph h y
cu trc ca mu, iu ny c ng dng xc
nh tnh cht thc phm, o tc dng ch y,
kim tra bao gi thc phm.

-Tn s thp v siu m nng lng cao (2 MHz
10 MHz): c ng dng rng ri nh mt qu
trnh h tr trong hng lot cc lnh vc nh: kt
tinh, sy, bi kh, trch ly, lc, ng ho, lm mm
tht, qu trnh oxi ho, qu trnh tit trng
2. ng dng ca sng siu m
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S DNG SNG SIU M TRCH LY ISOFLAVONE

Nguyn liu (u nnh)

Ty thuc tnh cht (nguyn liu mng t bo, cht
nguyn sinh, mt s tp cht), trng thi rn lng,
cch thc chun b mu nguyn liu (kch thc)
s nh hng rt ln n kt qu trch ly.
3 V d
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La chn dung mi trch ly: dung mi trch ly l cc
dung mi ho tan c hp cht cn trch ly.
Khnng ca dung mi li phthuc mt vi
tnh cht ca n nh phn cc, nht, sc
cng b mt...

Cc isoflavone cc hp cht phn cc, nn chyu
sdng dung mi phn cc nh nc, ethanol,
methanol, dd acid long
Dung mi

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Trch ly isoflavone tmu nc ung u nnh,
45 C cho lng cao nht.

Thng thng, cc phng php cho thy t
c nhanh v trch ly s lng trong 20
pht.

Nhit v thi gian
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Ty thuc vo mu nguyn liu v phng php
trch ly, s ln trch ly s nh hng n lng
isoflavone thu c.
S ln trch ly

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T l nguyn liu: dung mi:t l nguyn liu : dung
mi cng nh th hiu ququ trnh trch cng cao.
Cng sut siu m:
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Phng php truyn thng c mt s nhc im
sau:
+ S dng mt lng dung mi ln, thng c,
v chi ph cao.
+ Thi gian chit ko di, chn lc khng cao.
+ Trch ly vi nhit cao v thi gian ko di nh
hng cht lng sn phm.
KT LUN
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Cc phng php hin i c nhiu u im hn
hn phng php truyn thng.
+ Gim lng dung mi s dng, gim ph thi.
+ Dung mi xanh, chn lc cao, d thu hi.
+ Gim thi gian chit.
+ An ton, hiu qu, d t ng.
+ C th kt hp cc phng php phn tch trc
tuyn.

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