An Introduction

An Introduction to .
NET
ASP.NET
http://sdetu/courses/sdetc101/
Lecture 04
Thursday, February 14, 2008
Agenda
• Quick recap…
• Introduction to .NET
• Introduction to ASP.NET
14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 2

Introduction to .NET
.NET ?
Business strategy from Microsoft to converge personal

computing with the web.

What is a framework?
 A set of software routines that provide a foundation structure
for an application.
 Frameworks take the tedium out of writing an application
from scratch.
 Object-oriented application frameworks, which are the norm
today, are structured as a class library.

.NET Framework
.NET + Framework = .NET Framework
It is an environment for building, deploying, running web

services and other applications.

Objective of .NET Framework
 To provide consistent Object Oriented programming
environment.
 Provide code execution environment:

• Which reduces security flaws.
• Which reduces version conflicts.
• Which increases performance of application.
• Which can be used for widely varying types of applications, such as

Windows-based applications and Web-based applications.

What is .NET Framework made up of?
 The class Libraries which take out tedium in developers work.
 The Common Language Runtime which manages the code which is
executing.
• Memory Management.
• Thread Management.
• Exception handling.
• Garbage collection
• Security

What is .NET Framework?
The middle – man
.NET Application
.NET Framework
Operating System + Hardware

.NET Frameworkommon Language Runtime
• CLR manages code execution at runtime

• Memory management, thread management, etc.
• Code-based security
• Role-based security
Common Language Runtime
Operating System
.NET Frameworkase Class Library
• Object-oriented collection of reusable types

• Collections, I/O, Strings, …
.NET Framework (Base Class Library)
Operating System
.NET Frameworkta Access Layer
• Access relational databases
• Disconnected data model
• Works with XML
ADO .NET and XML
Operating System
.NET FrameworkP.NET & Windows Forms
• Create application’s front-end – Web-based user

interface, Windows GUI, Web services, …
ASP .NET Windows

Web Forms Web Services
Forms
Mobile Internet Toolkit
ADO .NET and XML
Operating System
.NET Frameworkommon Language Specification
C++Common
C# Language
VB Perl Specification
J# …
ASP .NET Windows
Forms
ADO .NET and XML
Operating System
.NET Frameworkisual Studio .NET
C++ C# VB Perl J# …
Common Language Specification
Visual Studio .NET

ASP .NET Windows
Forms
ADO .NET and XML
Operating System
.NET Framework Architecture

Common Language Runtime (CLR)
 The core runtime engine in the Microsoft .NET Framework for
executing applications.
 .NET equivalent of the Java Virtual Machine, although JVM
currently supports only the Java language.
 Activates objects, performs security checks on them, lays them
out in memory, executes them, and garbage-collects them.
 Code running in CLR is referred to as “managed code”.

CLR (More…)
 Traditional compilers target a specific processor
 .NET compiler produces binary files containing Common
Intermediate language (CIL), and metadata.
 CLR uses metadata for execution

Jargon Buster
 Managed Code: code that is written to target the
services of the managed runtime execution

environment (like CLR)
 Why managed??? Managed refers to a method of

exchanging information between the program and the
runtime environment
 Then Unmanaged Code???

Code that is directly executed by the Operating
System is known as un-managed code.
Languages Supported by .NET
 Perl  C
 Python  C++
 COBOL  Visual Basic
 Jscript  C#
 Eiffel  SmallTalk
 Java  Oberon
 APL  Scheme
 Haskell  Mercury
 Pascal  Oz
 ML  RPG
 Ada  Objective Caml

Execution of CLR
Code in another
Code in VB.NET Code in C#
.NET Language
Appropriate
VB.NET compiler C# compiler
Compiler
IL(Intermediate
Language) code
CLR just-in-time
execution
Native Code

Intermediate Language (IL)
 .NET languages are not compiled to machine code. They are compiled to an
Intermediate Language (IL).
 CLR accepts the IL code and recompiles it to machine code. The recompilation is
just-in-time (JIT) meaning it is done as soon as a function or subroutine is called.
 The JIT code stays in memory for subsequent calls. In cases where there is not
enough memory it is discarded thus making JIT process interpretive.

JIT Compilation
 Dynamically compiles IL code to managed native code that is optimized
for execution on a target Operating System
 For optimization reasons, JIT compilation occurs only the first time a
method is invoked.
 The compiled native code lies in memory until process shuts down and
garbage-collection takes place.

.NET Framework Architecture

What CLR gives to your Applications
 CLR makes your applications:
• Platform Independent
• Hardware Independent
• Language Independent

The .NET Framework and Visual Studio .NET
Visual Basic® C++ C# JScript® …
Visual Studio .NET

ASP.NET: Web Services Windows
and Web Forms Forms
ADO.NET: Data and XML
Base Class Library

ASP.NET
Visual Basic® C++ C# JScript® …
Visual Studio.NET
ASP.NET: Web Services Windows
and Web Forms Forms
ADO.NET: Data and XML
Base Class Library

10 Reasons You Love ASP.NET!
1. It’s really, really fast!
2. Deploy and upgrade running apps with XCOPY
3. Great tools support
4. Automatically detects and recovers from errors
5. Web farm scalable session state
6. Built-in output caching
7. Supports wide range of mobile devices
8. Uses compiled languages
9. Makes building web services easy
10. Much simpler page development model

ASP.NET (Contd…)
 The next technology for providing dynamic and interactive web

pages.
 Takes ASP a step further to simplify the development process
of web pages and enhance scalability of web apps.
 Event-based Web Forms, replacing ASP pages, with server
controls. (like VB)
 Clean separation between application logic (server-side code)
and presentation layer – no more spaghetti code!
 Enhanced session-state management
 Application logic can be written in any .NET language
 Application server-side code is compiled for better performance

ASP.NET
Architecture (Page Request)
ASPX
.ASPX
.ASPX

ASP.NET
Architecture (First Time)
Compiled
Compiled .ASPX
.ASPX

ASP.NET
Architecture (Compiled Only Once)
Compiled
Compiled .ASPX
.ASPX

ASP.NET
Architecture (Any Modifications)
Compiled
Compiled .ASPX
.ASPX

ASP.NET Execution Model
Source Visual Basic C# C++

code
Unmanaged
Compiler Compiler Compiler
Component
Managed Assembly Assembly Assembly

code IL Code IL Code IL Code
JIT Compiler
Native Code
Operating System Services

ASP.NET Features
 ASPX, ASP – side by side
 Simplified programming model
 Simplified deployment
 Better performance
 Caching
 Security
 Powerful controls

ASP.NET Features
 Simplified browser support
 Simplified form validation
 Code behind pages
 More powerful data access
 Web services
 Better session management

ASP.NET Features
 XCOPY Deployment.
 Simplified configuration deployment.
 Custom server controls.
 Code Behind Logic.
 Event Delegation Model.

Summary
 Got an Idea what is .NET?
 Why .NET is getting so popular ?
 What is ASP.NET?
 How it works ?
 Hope you started loving .NET !!!☺


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An Introduction to .

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 2

Business strategy from Microsoft to converge personal

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 3

 A set of software routines that provide a foundation structure

 Frameworks take the tedium out of writing an application

 Object-oriented application frameworks, which are the norm

today, are structured as a class library.

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 4

.NET + Framework = .NET Framework

It is an environment for building, deploying, running web

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 5

 To provide consistent Object Oriented programming

 Provide code execution environment:

• Which reduces version conflicts.

• Which increases performance of application.

• Which can be used for widely varying types of applications, such as

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 6

 The class Libraries which take out tedium in developers work.

 The Common Language Runtime which manages the code which is

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 7

The middle – man

Operating System + Hardware

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 8

• CLR manages code execution at runtime

Common Language Runtime

• Object-oriented collection of reusable types

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)

Common Language Runtime

ADO .NET and XML

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)

Common Language Runtime

• Create application’s front-end – Web-based user

ASP .NET Windows

ADO .NET and XML

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)

Common Language Runtime

ADO .NET and XML

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)

Common Language Runtime

Common Language Specification

Visual Studio .NET

ADO .NET and XML

.NET Framework (Base Class Library)

Common Language Runtime

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 15

 The core runtime engine in the Microsoft .NET Framework for

 .NET equivalent of the Java Virtual Machine, although JVM

currently supports only the Java language.

 Activates objects, performs security checks on them, lays them

out in memory, executes them, and garbage-collects them.

 Code running in CLR is referred to as “managed code”.

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 16

 Traditional compilers target a specific processor

 .NET compiler produces binary files containing Common

Intermediate language (CIL), and metadata.

 CLR uses metadata for execution

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 17

 Managed Code: code that is written to target the

services of the managed runtime execution

 Why managed??? Managed refers to a method of

 Then Unmanaged Code???

14 Feb 2008 ASP.NET 19