SALIENT FEATURES OF THE

WORKING DRAFT ON CORDILLERA

REGIONAL AUTONOMY
HB 5595/SB 3315


nardz andanan
THREE (3) PARTS

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
REGIONAL AUTONOMY
WORKING DRAFT

a. Pre- Spanish Period

There were independent communities (ili), tribes,
highlanders and lowlanders living independently but engaged
actively in trade relations

b. Spanish Period

1521 Magellan landed in Mactan
1500 - Spanish conquistadores were aware of the difficulties
of subduing the natives under colonial control
1576 - first recorded resistance to encroachment/incursions in the
highlands of the Cordillera
1598 - Bangued occupied by Spanish-Iluko forces
1615 - baptism of 3,000 Tingguians led by Miguel Domaoal
1846 Abra created as a politico-militar province
1863 Bangued chosen as capital of Abra

* Despite eventual colonization, there was continued
armed confrontation and resistance/ disapproval of
colonial policies


c. American Regime

1898 US paid Spain for 20M dollars in the Treaty of Paris
1901 Aug. 19 - civil government formally established in Abra
1905 February - Abra re-annexed to Ilocos Sur as a sub-province
1917 March 9 - re-established as a province by Act No. 2683
thru EO No. 23 by Gov-Gen. Francis Burton Harrison

* 1908 Aug. 18 Montaosa was created

* While US Pres. William McKinley admonished the way the
highlanders were treated, they were still referred to as tribal/natives
* Armed confrontation continued unhalted due to mine exploration
activities physical dislocation, damage to resources
d. Japanese Occupation WWII - Pacific war
e. Philippine Republic

1957 - Commision on National Integration

1966 - RA 4695 (Division Law) Mt. Province was divided
into 4 regular provinces Benguet/ Ifugao/ Mt.
Province/ Kalinga-Apayao = a measure projected to
facilitate development in the region but actually meant
to hamper Cordillera militancy due to the introduction
of big-ticket projects, i. e. Chico Dam

1972 - Martial Law was declared


1973 - Cellophil Resource Corporation Timber and
pulpwood License Agreement No. 261 (99,430 has. +
99,230 has)

*Emergence of anti-government organizations/
movements. There were organization members who went
underground to include men of the cloth.

1975 - Presidential Assistance on National Minorities
(PNAMIN) to soften opposition (scholarship, etc.)

1978 Sept. 24 - first inter-tribal peace ancestral land rights
issue was raised

* Cordillera concept/consciousness evolved

1986 - EDSA

1986 Sept. 13 - Sipat at Mt. Data Hotel between the late Pres.
Cory Aquino and Conrado Balweg (CPLA/CBA)

1987 - ratification of the Phil. Constitution

*It contained a provision in Sec. 15, Art. X: There shall
be created autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the
Cordilleras.

1987 July 15 Pres. CCAquino signed EO 220 creating a
Cordillera Administrative Region - Abra/ Benguet/
Ifugao/ Mt. Province and Kalinga-Apayao

1987 Sept. AO 36 was issued establishing regional offices in
CAR
Province/City Capital
Population
(2010)
[4]

Area
(km
2
)
Abra Bangued 234,733 3,975.6
Apayao Kabugao 112,636 3,927.9
Benguet La Trinidad 403,944 2,826.59
Ifugao Lagawe 191,078 2,517.8
Kalinga Tabuk City 201,613 3,119.7
Mountain
Province
Bontoc 154,187 2,097.3
Baguio City 318,676 57.5
Population census of Cordillera AR
Year Pop. %
1990 1,146,191
2000 1,365,412 +19.1%
2010 1,616,867 +18.4%
Source: National Statistics Office
[1]

Purposes of CAR?

To administer the affairs of the region
To accelerate economic and social growth and development
To prepare for the establishment of an autonomous Cordillera
region

Regional bodies were created:
CRA
CEB
CBA - a commission

1990 Jan. 30 RA 6766 (Organic Act) rejected except in Ifugao
1998 Mar 07 RA 8438 rejected except in Apayao (1995)
Why again? There is already a 1991 Local Government Code
(RA 7160)? There is already IPRA (RA 8371)?

2005 Sept. 30 Supreme Court said: It is hoped that Congress
will pass another Organic Act which is finally acceptable to the
people of the Cordilleras.
Poverty remains dismal (peace); economic growth unsustained
Legal basis for the national government to give special attention
Policies, programs/ projects/ activities are of national character
and scope discriminatory to CAR
Development initiatives/ national government response in CAR
must be appropriate, equitable and under peoples control
Why again? There is already a 1991 Local Government Code
(RA 7160)? There is already IPRA (RA 8371)?

CAR is relatively and ruggedly mountainous requiring more
resources uniform application not favorable to CAR
Respect for self-determination/ indigenous communities
Respect for the right to ancestral land/ ancestral domain
Respect/recognition of indigenous systems, culture, structure and
preservation
Preservation of our identity
Local autonomy (devolution) is different from regional autonomy
(additional powers granted by the Constitution)
Basic Principles
1. Regional Identity CAR to be established as a political unit with
legal personality and corporate powers to transact business,
determine/ formulate its own policies and pursue its development
programs and priorities
2. Part of the Republic of the Philippines not separated
3. Existing structure (LGUs/ Regional Offices/ government agencies
and instrumentalities shall continue to exist and enjoy their
powers and benefits
4. Non-diminution of existing powers and benefits of
NGAs/GOCCs
5. No termination (even during reorganization); those paid by the
national government will continue to receive their salaries from
their respective agencies
6. Cordilleran defined all citizens domiciled within the area
Salient Features of the Working Draft on Cordillera Autonomy

- 173 sections/ 17 articles

Artikulo I

1. Sakop/teritoryo - Abra, Apayao, Benguet, Ifugao, Kalinga, Mt.
Province, Baguio City and Tabuk City (component city of
Kalinga)
Dagiti laeng bumutos pabor iti Organic Act iti maaramid a
plebisito ti makapagkameng batay iti Sec. 18, Art. X ti
Constitusyon (pamunganayan linteg)
dagiti madi, agsublida iti naggappuanda a rehion (Sec. 163)

2. Tattao Cordilleran (Sec. 3)
Artikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio

1. Paset ti Pilipinas
maysa/maibilang kas LGU (RA 7160)

2. Self-determination (bukod a panangimaton) (Sec. 5, 95)
devolution
local autonomy
konsultasyon iti kanito nga adda proyekto/ programa a
maiganwat (Sec. 9, c)

3. Gobierno national
agtultulloy mangted ti Internal revenue allotment
mangipaay tulong/ suporta (subsidy) Sec. 167

4. Gobierno lokal
agtultuloy ken awan maksay iti turay ken benepisio nga aw-
awatenda iti agdama
Artikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio

5. Ahensia ti gobierno national
agtultuloy a mangipatungpal kadagiti annongda
addaanda latta iti presupuesto para kadagiti programa/
proyekto da
adda latta dagiti turay ken benepisio (powers/ authorities) nga
ituyang ti linteg
Adda latta ken awatenda ti sueldo da iti ahensia da

*Pagdumaanna: ti presupuesto (budget) da ket maitipon iti regional
government tapno maidagadag a maikanatad met laeng

Artikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio

6. Kultura/ kadawyan ken nainsigudan nga ugali, paglintegan,
kababalin no la ketdi saan a maikaniwas iti linteg, moralidad ken
polisia (Sec. 8, 9, 14

Mabigbig/masalwadan
Mapadur-as
Maipatungpal/ mausar kadagiti lugar a pakaipakatanna

7. Kinabaknang/ rekursos naturales (Sec. 9)

imatonan ti regional autonomous government
Masurot met laeng ti maikanatad a bingay (equitable sharing)
kas idagadag ti linteg probinsia, munisipio ken barangay
(sec. 11)
Mausar/mabungkar a mangitag-ay ti kasasaad ti panagbiag ti
sapasap ngem maliklikan ti panangbuso
Artikulo II Pagibatayan a Principio

8. Kinakurapay/awan trabaho mapadur-as ti ekonomya

9. Hustisya paris-paris a pannakataming; mabigbig ti kalintegan ti
tunggal maseknan

9. Edukasyon kalintegan
Marespeto dagiti pagadalan ti gobierno (kolehiyo/unibersidad) ken

9. Familya

10. Private sector/non-government organizations
Artikulo III Ti Autonomous a rehion Cordillera

1. Buklen dagiti probinsia, siudad, municipio ken barangay a
masakopanna

2. Saan a maksayan wenno mapabassit ti agdama a bileg, akem ken
aw-awaten a benepisio dagiti gobierno lokal ken ahensia ti
gobierno; imbes, mapapigsada pay.

3. Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan iti rehion (supervision)

4. Dagiti bileg ti autonomous a rehion ken dagiti saanna a
masakupan (Sec. 20, Art. X, Constition)

- pls. see Sec. 28, Working Draft

Jurisdiction on matters, to wit:
1. Administrative Organization
2. Creation of sources of revenues
3. Ancestral domain, natural resources and Environment
4. Personal, Family and property relations
5. Regional urban and rural planning and development
6. Economic, social and tourism development
7. Educational policies
8. Preservation, safeuarding and development of the cultural
heritage
9. Such other matters as may be authorized by law for the
promotion of the general welfare of the people of the region

Artikulo III - A Relasyon ti Region iti ahensia ti gobierno
(NGAs)

1. Saanda a mapukaw; saan a maksayan/ mapabassit ti bileg ken
benepisio/ sueldo da; imbes, mapapigsada pay.

2. Ti linteg ti serbisyo sibil ti mangsakop mainaig iti pannakadutok,
pannakaikkat, pannakai-demote, pannakaital-o, kdpy dagiti
opisyal ken empleado; dagiti Cordilleran ti maikkan prioridad.

3. Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan iti rehion (supervision)
a bayabayen ti Regional Governor

4. Dumalan iti Career Executive Service Exam dagiti dutokan ti
presidente a Regional Director/ Assistant RD. Maarisit da
manipud iti tallo (3) nga irekomenda ti Regl. Governor.

Artikulo III - A Relasyon ti Region iti ahensia ti gobierno
(NGAs)

5. Ti pundo dagiti ahensia ti gobierno national ti maitipon iti pundo
ti rehion tapno maisierto ti panagsisinnurot da.

6. Dagiti korporasyon a kukua ti gobierno (GOCCs) ket agtultuloy a
mapataray babaen iti linteg a nangparnuay/nangipasdek
kadakuada.

7. Saan a sakupen ti autonomous regonal government ti GSIS, SSS,
Pag-ibig, kdpy a kaparisda nga ahensia.
Artikulo III-B Relasyon ti Region iti gobierno lokal (LGUs)

1. Saan a mapukaw; saan a maksayan/ mapabassit ti bileg ken
benepisio dagiti LGUs (prob/ siudad/ mun/ brgy)

2. Ti Presidente ti Pilipinas ti mangwanawan kadagiti LGUs
(supervision) a bayabayen ti Regional Governor

3. Saan a masagid ti IRA da

4. Isuda ti manggamulo iti maparnuay/ mapataod da a panguartaan/
buis babaen iti bukodda nga ordinansa
5. Agbutos da latta kadagiti opiyales da: congressman, gobernador,
vice-governor, bokal, mayors, vice-mayor, SB, kapitan, kagawad


Artikulo III-B Relasyon ti Region iti gobierno lokal (LGUs)


6. Bumingayda iti buis a maparnuay/ mapataod sipud
pannakabungkar ti kinabaknang iti masakupanda a lugar (national
wealth). 40% ti ibati ti gobierno national sipud bingayna.

7. Dagiti linas-od ti linteg a nangbuangay iti maysa a siduad
(chartered city) ket suroten ken ipatungpalna.

8. Mabalinda ti agtutulag ken agtitinnulong a mangiganwat iti
proyekto wenno programa no la ketdi ta maiyannatop iti linteg.

Artikulo IV DAGITI OPISYALES

1. Regional Governor - 25 y/o - 5 a tawen
2. Regional Vice-Governor - 25 y/o - 5 a tawen
- mabutosan at-large/ 3 years per term /3 terms

3. Kameng ti Regional Assembly - 25 y/o - 2 a tawen
- mabutosan iti kada distrito/siudad (2) / 3 years per term /3
terms

4. Maipawil ti panagkandidato ti maysa a kabagyan iti 4
th
degree iti
nasao a puesto

Sakupen ida ti linteg ti COMELEC, LGCode, etc.
Maaddaan da iti katulongan nga staff

NATIONAL GOVERNMENT
REGIONAL GOVERNMENT
PROVINCES
MUNICIPALITIES
CITIES BARANGAYS
LINE AGENCIES
GOVERNANCE/
SUPERVISION
Artikulo V SANGAY EHEKUTIBO

1. Ti Regional Governor ti mangimaton, mangwanawan,
mangipatungpal kadagiti alagaden, akem ken pagrebbengan kas
ituyang ti linteg

2. Maaddaan iti katulongan nga staff; regional offices ken executive
assistants (1 per province/chartered city) = ES, Accountant,
Treasurer, Administrator, General Services Officer, etc.

3. Adda mabuangay a Regional Development Board a tumulong nga
agplano. Buklen dagiti gobernador ti probinsya, mayor ti siudad,
kdpy.

4. Secretariat ti National Economic and Development Authority

Artikulo VI BISE-GOBERNADOR TI REHION

1. Presiding Officer ti Assemblya


Artikulo VII ASEMBLYA LEHISLATIBO

Maysa kada distrito ti probinsia ken siudad nga addaan charter
Para panday linteg wenno ordinansa, polisia, kdpy
Mangadal/ Agaprobar ti presupuesto, resolusyon
Maaddaan ti Sekretaryo ken legislative staff

Artikulo VIII PATRIMONYA, EKONOMYA KEN
PANAGDUR-AS

- ti panangpadur-as, panangangusar ken panangimaton
kadagiti rekursos naturales wenno kinabaknang ket imatonan ti
gobierno ti rehion imbes a ti gobierno national malaksid ti uranium,
coal ken petroleum

Artikulo X AGRIKULTURA, AGRARIAN REFORM, TRADE
KEN INDUSTRYA, TURISMO KEN KOOPERATIBA

Artikulo XI EDUKASYON, SIENSYA KEN TEKNOLOHIYA,
LENGUAHE, ARTS, KULTURA KEN SPORTS

Artikulo XII SOCIAL JUSTICE KEN PAGSAYAATAN



Artikulo XIV DADDUMA A PROBISYON
Artikulo XV AMENDMENT KEN REVISIONS
Artikulo XVII - Panagepekto



Artikulo XIII KAPPIA, LINAK KEN TALNA

pakaseknan daytoy ti PNP
ti sarikedked ken depensa ti rehion ket imatonan ti Armada
Puersa ti Pilipinas
Maiparit ti sabali wenno pribado nga armado
Ti Regional Police Director no mabalin ket Cordilleran a mapili
manipud iti lima (5) nga inominar ken irekomendar ti Gobernador


Artikulo XIII KAPPIA, LINAK KEN TALNA

pakaseknan daytoy ti PNP
ti sarikedked ken depensa ti rehion ket imatonan ti Armada
Puersa ti Pilipinas
Maiparit ti sabali wenno pribado nga armado
Ti Regional Police Director no mabalin ket Cordilleran a mapili
manipud iti lima (5) nga inominar ken irekomendar ti Gobernador


Artikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO

Panggep pangpadur-as iti rehion ken pangpataray iti operasyon ti
gobierno
Paggapuanna
Bingay manipud iti buis a maur-or kas idagadag ti OA sec. 103
Bingay manipud kadagiti mapataodna sec. 104
Presupuesto manipud iti gobierno national Sec. 106
Donasyon wenno tulong-suporta Sec. 108
Bayad a buis manipud kadagiti GOCCs iti laksid ti lugar ti
principal nga address na sec. 105
Bingay manipud kadagiti collecting agencies 80% (regional
Treasurer/ 50% to the collecting agency) Sec. 107
Artikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO

1% of the national internal revenue taxes
80% for development projects

40% Share of the National wealth Tax (mining, royalties,
environmental services, forestry and fishery charges, energy
production charges
For preservation and further development of the environment
2% share out of the Economic Zones Tax (businesses)
For Trade and industry programs
20% Share of Excess in Value Added Tax
For cottage industry programs
Artikulo IX PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO

15% Share of Total Excise Tax on locally manufactured
Virginia-type cigarettes
For agriculture programs
15 % share of incremental excise tax on Burley and Native
Tobacco Products
For agriculture programs
40% Share of Hydro-electric power tax (special privilege tax
on developers
For maintenance of watershed
1% share of net income of PAGCOR, PCSO
For construction and maintenance of school buildings,
hospitals and related structures and services
Future impositions
Artikulo XVI PAMATAUDAN TI PUNDO

Subsidy Sec. 167

10 Billion first 5 years
5 Billion next 5 years

20% Regional Government
10% Provinces/City
4% component city
6% Trust Fund

Barangays umawat ti saan a nababbaba ngem 1%
Munisipio umawat ti saan a nababbaba ngem 10%


Agyamanak unay