SPACE BASED SOLAR POWER

SATELLITE

Global issue between Energy&Environment.
Reduction of Fossil fuels
New source of energy from sun
The SPS was first proposed by Peter Glaser

INTRODUCTION

Nicola Tesla proposed the theory of wireless power transmission
Transmission of energy from one place to another place without using
wires.
Three types of WPT :
1).Induction
2).Electromagnetic Radiation
i).Microwaves
ii).Lasers
3).Electrical conduction
WIRELESS POWER TRANSMISSION
Microwave Laser
Transmission via radio waves.

More developed.

High efficiency upto 85%.



Cause interference with satellite
communication industry.

Losses occur due to Atmospheric absorption
and scattering by clouds, fog, rain
etc is less.
Transmission via laser beam.

Recently developed.

Allows the efficient transmission of power
(40-50%).


Confirms to limit an eye and skin damage.


Atmospheric absorption and scattering by
clouds, fog, rain etc causes up to 100 %
losses.
Microwave Vs Laser Transmission
CONFIGURATION OF SBSP
It consists of mainly four segment :

1. Solar energy collector

2. DC to Microwave converter

3. Large Antenna Array

4. Rectenna

SBSP ELEMENTS


1. Antenna & Transmitter
2. Beam Control, target detection
3. Receiver & rectifier

RECENT TECHNOLOGIES AND RESEARCHES

1. ANTENNAS AND TRANSMITTER


All antennas can be applied for both the MPT system and
communication system

We have to use a phased array antenna for the MPT from/to
moving Transmitter/receiver.

Antennas for Microwave Power Transmission

Need higher efficient generator/amplifier.

Two types of microwave generator:-
1).Microwave Tube
2).Semiconductor amplifier

Recent Technologies for Transmitters

Generate and amplify high power microwave (over kW) with a
high voltage (over kV) imposed.
Higher Efficiency.
Low cost.
Unstable freq/Uncontrollable phase.
Very Economical.

Magnetron


It generate low power micro wave with a low voltage

It is easy to control a phase and amplitude

Especially F class amplifier is expected as high efficient amplifier for
the MPT system
Semiconductor Amplifier
2.BEAM CONTROL, TARGET
DETECTION

1.Corner Reflector
2.Van Atta Array
3.Phase conjugate Ckt.

Recent Technologies of Retro directive Beam
Control
CONER REFLECTER

VAN ATTA ARRAY

PHASE CONJUGATE CIRCUIT


MPT system needs an large receiving area
with a rectenna array

Rectenna=rectifying circuit+antenna

Diode determines RF-DC conversion efficiency
3. RECEIVERS AND RECTIFIERS
5,000 MW Receiving Station (Rectenna).This
Station is about a mile & a half long in US.
CYCLOTRON WAVE CONVERTER

1. The full solar irradiation would be available at all times expect when
the sun is eclipsed by the earth . Thus about five times energy
could be collected, compared with the best terrestrial sites

2. The power could be directed to any point on the earths surface.

3. The power density would be uninterrupted by darkness, clouds, or
precipitation, which are the problems encountered with earth based
solar arrays.


ADVANTAGES

1. Launching cost is high.

2. The frequency of beamed radiation is planned to be at 2.45 GHz
and this frequency is used by communication satellites also.

3. Inaccessibility.
DISADVANTAGES
CONCLUSION
W.C. Brown, Experiments Involving a Microwave Beam to Power
and Position a Helicopter, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace Electronic
Systems. Vol. AES-5, no. 5, pp 692-702
"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectennas"
Satellite Power System Concept Development and Evaluation
Program July 1977 - August 1980. DOE/ET-0034, February 1978.
Tesla, N., The transmission of electric energy without wires, The
thirteenth Anniversary
Number of the Electrical World and Engineer, March 5, 1904
- http://friendsofcrc.ca/SHARP/sharp.html

REFERENCES