Contemporary Architecture

Chapter I
PROFESOR INTERACTIVO
Architecture
Contemporary
The main idea of contemporary architecture lies
mainly in rejecting historical styles. Facing classic
trends of the last third of the nineteenth century,
contemporary architecture comes with a totally
different proposition to what already existed.
Architecture
Contemporary
The Industrial
Revolution and the
French Revolution
brought about a radical
change in architecture
with the manufacture
of new building
materials and cheaper
mass production.
THE CRYSTAL PALACE / JOSEPH PAXTON 1851
Architecture
Contemporary
Moreover, provided a
more stark vision,
generated by the
ideological changes
that led to the
formation of
democracies in the
world and led the
architects to eliminate
the luxuries of the
buildings.
THE HOUSE OF BLACK MOTHER OF GOD/ JOSEF GOCR
CITY OF PRAGUE/ CZECH REPUBLIC 1911
Architecture
Contemporary
The neoclassical style was introduced in the
design of buildings seeking purity of lines, so the
discovery of the ruins of Pompeii and other
archaeological treasures Greco Romans was
adapted to the new times.
IT WAS AN ECLECTIC ARCHITECTURE IN WHICH MANY STYLES ARE MIXED
Architecture
Contemporary
The main features in
construction are:
-Cornices and friezes
with metopes and
triglyphs.
-Grecas
-Garlands vegetables:
flowers, fruits...
-Palms y laurels
Architecture
Contemporary
And constructions more
used :
- Columns
commemorative
- Temples
- Triumphal arches
- Propylaea
The Great Arc de Triumph
was the tribute of Napoleon
Bonaparte to his invincible
army, but the Emperor was
deposed and died without
seeing the colossal
work completed.
Architecture
Contemporary
The iron,
steel, zinc and
glass were
becoming part
of a new
design
concept,
closer to
engineering
that the
architectural
design.
Since 1872 Gustave
Eiffel obtained
contracts
abroad, in 1877
is built a bridge
over the Douro
River in Portugal,
a steel single arc of
160 meters.
In 1884 its factory
was already
famous in the world.
He melted the Statue
Of Liberty in 1886,
later worked
in the Tower that
bears his name,
and that was his
biggest project.
Architecture
Contemporary
The engineering began to have a greater role, the economy of means, the clean lines,
the shortest time to its construction, the easy technical and the lack of ornate
ornaments that gave the new materials. The world governments preferred to invest
in engineering projects for real estate development plans and works, rather than
architectural.
BROOKLYN BRIDGE
Architects: John Augustus
Roebling 1883
height: 83 metros
length: 1,834 metros
Architecture
Contemporary
They develop great
discussions addressing
architecture, first the
Modernist architects,
descendants of
Romanticism and
Symbolism. On the
other hand the
Rationalism that raises
two clearly defined
movements:
Constructivism and
Deconstructivism.
Architecture
Contemporary
Modernism
developed in
Europe and
receives
different names.
In Spain, better
known as
Catalan
Modernism are
develops mainly
in Barcelona.
In France and
Belgium is
known as Art
Nouveau,
Modern Style
in England and
in Germany as
Jugendstil.
Modernism
1880 to 1902
Architecture
Contemporary
The Vienna Secession in
Austria is the movement that
leads to Modernism, that although this already had been
developing for some time, is the year 1897 when a group of artists
from different disciplines and led by Gustave Klimt who pose
open criticism of industrialization and rescue craft of the
work of the craftsman.
JOSEF MARIA OLBRICH 1898-99
Architecture
Contemporary
The most representative
Spanish architects are:
Anton Gaud Vctor Beltr y Roqueta Llus Domnech i
Montaner
Architecture
Contemporary
Vctor Beltr y Roqueta
Born in the city of Tortosa
(Catalonia) on April 16, 1862 and
died in Cartagena on February 4,
1935.
Aguirre Palace, 1898 Grand Hotel, 1916
Watch detail
Tarraga House
Architecture
Contemporary
Llus
Domnech i
Montaner
(December 21, 1850 -
December 27, 1923)
Born in Barcelona,
he studied
architecture, was
chair professor in the
School of
Architecture of
Barcelona. From that
position influenced
the Catalan
modernist
architecture.
Holy Cross and
Saint Paul Hospital.
World Heritage.
UNESCO, 1930
Facade of the Palau
of Catalan
music,1908
Architecture
Contemporary
Anton Gaud
Catalan artist born in Reus on June 25, 1852 and died in Barcelona
on June 10, 1926, is the greatest exponent of Catalan modernist
architecture and even the whole modernist architecture,
fundamentally so prolific in his work, absolutely inspired by nature
and rigorous application of geometry and mathematical
calculation, physical in each of its buildings.
Haga clic sobre la imagen
Architecture
Contemporary
Art Nouveau
Architectural style is developed in Belgium and France.
Architecture
Contemporary
Its main representatives were:
Victor Horta (1861 Ghent-Brussels
1947), Belgian architect, pioneer of
Modernism.
American House
Architect House
Architecture
Contemporary
Hector Guimard (Pars 1867 - Nueva
York 1942) is the main representative
of Art Nouveau in France.
Castel Beranger
Architecture
Contemporary
Glasgow School of Art
In the Modern Style mainly
stands: Charles Rennie
Mackintosh (June 7, 1868
December 10, 1928) was an
architect, designer and
watercolorist Scot, who was
of fundamental importance
in the Arts and Crafts
movement and also was the
leading exponent of Art
Nouveau in Scotland.
Jugendstil es el movimiento que marca la
pauta en Alemania, Austria y en los
pases bajos, destacndose
particularmente la obra de Josef Maria
Olbrich.
Architecture
Contemporary
Wagner Apartment in Viena
Amstel House, Berln
Jugendstil movement is the
pacesetter in Germany, Austria and
Netherlands, highlighting in
particular the work of Josef Mara
Olbrich.
Joseph Maria Olbrich (1867-1908)
Architect and industrial designer born in
Opava, Czech Republic.
Architecture
Contemporary
He was part of the rebel movement in Vienna, along with Josef Hoffmann (1870-1956).
In the beginning of this modernism appears Otto Wagner (1841-1918), father of this
movement. Wagner will also have a type of architecture that reacts against historicism,
far from the traditional guidelines. Although attempts to infuse his work of rationalism,
continue to rely on the ornamental.
Otto Wagner
Born: Penzig (Austria), 1841
Deep: Viena (Austria), 1918
Architecture
Contemporary
Wien-Hietzing Station (1898)
Karlsplatz Station (1898)
The Austrian Post Office
Savings Bank