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2G ADVANCED UTILISATION
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2G ADVANCED UTILISATION
Day 3 and day 4 a.m

Checking NAP project environment
Best server wizard
Coverage interferences wizard
Analyser (Pixel analyser, height profile, statistics, map view gadget)
1
st
case study : GSM/DCS coverage
2
nd
case study : EDGE coverage

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INTRODUCTION
After running Pathloss Predictor, there are three basic routes to the GSM
simulation in Multiradio Planner :
GSM Best Server Wizard
Coverage Interference
Static Simulator ( Monte Carlo simulations)







Pathloss Predictions Checking 2G
environment
Setting up
parameters
Running GSM
simulation
Displaying arrays
Statistics
Pixel Analyser
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CHECKING 2G ENVIRONMENT
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ARRAY SETTINGS
Use the Array Settings dialog box to define the settings that will influence the
arrays you wish to create
To open the Array Settings dialog box: From the arrays menu, click Array Settings
Array Resolution: set the resolution at which coverage arrays will be calculated
If predictions for a cell exist at more than one resolution, the site resolution is used
first (if you choose to use it in the next pane), then the array resolution is tried, then
the auto-predict resolution
Prediction Loading : choose to use the preferred prediction resolution that is set on
the Predictions tab for the site, or always predict at the resolution shown on this tab
(which acts as the default resolution in the Array Creation wizard




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ARRAY SETTINGS
If Prediction Radius: set a minimum prediction radius for the arrays
If Out of Date Prediction found: set what action you require if an out of date or
missing prediction is found
Prompt individually, where you are notified each time an out-of-date or missing
prediction is found, enabling you to include, exclude or auto-predict each
individual cell
Always Include any out-of-date predictions in the array
Always Exclude any out-of-date predictions from the array
Auto-predict, that is, predict automatically whenever an out of date or missing
prediction is found
Auto Predict Settings When you have chosen to auto-predict, either for an
individual prediction or all of them, you can choose to use the radius and
resolution values shown on the Predictions tab for a site, or specify particular
values here instead



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ARRAY SETTINGS
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ARRAY SETTINGS
On the Coverage / Interference tab of the Array Settings dialog box, you can In
the Coverage Array Thresholds pane: Set the minimum service level at which a
cell is considered to be a serving cell. Neither Coverage nor Interference will be
considered below this level
Set the maximum difference in timing between transmission and reception. This
effectively defines the maximum radius at which a cell will be considered a best
server even if the signal is still sufficient in terms of absolute value


In the Call Parameters pane, choose to activate either: Global Values if you
wish to generically use the Minimum Service-Level and Maximum Timing
Advance (as entered on this tab) when creating the array
Sub-cell specific if you wish to specifically use the Signal-Threshold and TA
Threshold set for each sub-cell on the General tab of the Site Database when
creating the array






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INFLUENCE OF MINIMUM SERVICE LEVEL PARAMETER
This parameter that you can set up in Array Settings, influences the coverage
and arrays
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ARRAY SETTINGS
In the Interference, Channel Selection pane: Select what type of
interference you want to be considered for the interference arrays, in
terms of Co- and/or Adjacent channels
In the Adjacent Channel Offset pane: Set the value for adjacent channel
offset which is used to produce the adjacent channel curve used in
calculating interference, and also used by the allocation frequencies tool


On the Sim Display Settings tab of the Array Settings dialog box, you
can: Select the default array to be output when you run the Coverage :
Best Server (signal) or Service Area



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ARRAY SETTINGS
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SETTING THRESHOLDS FOR SIMULATION ARRAYS

On the Sim Display Settings tab of the Array Settings dialog box, you
can:
Select the default array to be output when you run the Coverage wizard




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SETTING UP PARAMETERS (ARRAY SETTINGS)





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CONFIGURING GSM SITES AND GSM CELLS
On the Predictions tab for a GSM site select Prediction resolution and Prediction
radius
On the Antennas tab for a GSM cell in the Site Database you can:
Add the antennas that are to be available on the cell
Assign antennas to each cell
Configure the feeder type and length
Configure the antenna height, azimuth and mechanical downtilt
On the General tab select Prediction model
On the Predictions tab for a site or for a cell, you can view the available
predictions. If no predictions are available, then you can create a prediction by
clicking the Predict button
Important : you must assign a sub cell (cell layer) to each cell






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CONFIGURING SITES
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CONFIGURING GSM CELLS
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SETTING THRESHOLDS FOR SIMULATION ARRAYS
On the Sim Display Settings tab of the Array Settings dialog box, you
can:
Set a percentage threshold for the 'Coverage Probability OK' array types
Select the default array to be output when you run the Coverage wizard




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BEST SERVER WIZARD
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BEST SERVER WIZARD
Once pathloss predictions have been created, on the Map View you can
display the coverage for a single site or cell, or you can create and
display a range of arrays which can take into account the coverage from
multiple cells
This array displays the signal strength of the best serving cell at each
pixel on the Map View. This decision is based on parameters specified
in the Site Database window and in the Array Settings dialog box
As with all the arrays, you can change the display settings in the Map
View by double-clicking the array in the list of Data types



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BEST SERVER WIZARD
To generate the Signal Coverage arrays: Ensure that you have created predictions
for all sites that are to be included. (The Auto-Predict option can do this
automatically if it has been enabled in Array Settings
Open a Map View window, and from the arrays menu, point to Signal Coverage and
click the required technology. Confirm that you have the correct region to be
covered by the array. The Select View button is useful if multiple Map Views are
open. Click Next
Tip : You can also run the wizard using the Create arrays button in the Map
View window itself. Confirmation of the region to be covered is then unnecessary
Select the filters you want to include and click Next
On the final step: Select the cell layer you wish to include in the-array
Set the resolution of the array. Select whether to favour any site-specific resolutions
set on the-Site Database Predictions tab, or to only use the generic
resolution(above).
Select which array to display automatically (the other one can be-displayed
subsequently) . Click Finish. The data is loaded into memory, enabling you to
display the created arrays on the Map View



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LAUCHING BEST SERVER WIZARD
or
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BEST SERVER WIZARD
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DISPLAYING ARRAYS ON MAP INFO & CONTROL
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SERVICE AREA ARRAY
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CUSTOMISING ARRAYS DISPLAY PROPERTIES
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SAVING ARRAYS USING MAP INFO&CONTROL (ARRAY
CLIPBORD)
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PIXEL ANALYSER
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PIXEL ANALYSER
After you have generated some simulation results, you can use the Pixel Analyser to
view information for any selected pixel in the Map View window
By analysing the effects of each cell on a selected pixel, you can improve the network
performance
To use the Pixel Analyser: ensure you have some simulation data in memory, either
by running a simulation, or from a loaded simulation.
In the Map View window, click one of the Pixel Analyser buttons
The Pixel Analyser window opens. The specified arrays and their values per pixel will
be displayed in the first pane, while the available cells per pixel and their values will
be displayed in the second pane. To customise the content of the Pixel Analyser
window, you can either use the Options menu at the top of the window, or double-
click on the relevant pane
When you are satisfied with the options you have set, place the cursor on the Map
View, and you will notice a symbol appears
To display the information per pixel in the Pixel Analyser window, either move the
cursor (if in Hot Tracking mode) or click on a specific pixel (if in Pixel Select mode)






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PIXEL ANALYSER
In the Pixel Analyser window, the cells and their values per pixel change
as you move or click the cursor on the Map View

You can click any of the column headers in the second pane to sort
information in ascending or descending order. For example, to find the
best server using the Pixel Analyser, sort the cells by the column, which
enables you to compare the other cells with the best server

In addition, at the bottom of the Pixel Analyser window, the following
useful data is displayed: the pixel location, the height data of that pixel,
the clutter type of that pixel, the nearest cell to that pixel



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PIXEL ANALYSER

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CUSTOMISING THE VECTOR ANALYSIS PLOT
You can use the Pixel Analyser to display analysis plots of any vector/polygon
chosen from your Map View
To customise the vector analysis plot within the Pixel Analyser: In the Pixel
Analyser dialog box, double-click anywhere in the third pane
The Vector Analysis Plot Details dialog box appears. Select one of the radio
buttons to choose which covering cell levels along the vector you want to be
plotted.
Enter the number of 'Best Values' to take into account (each will display its own
coloured plot line)
Enter a Step value for the X axis (this determines the plot intervals along the
linear distance of the vector)
Enter Min and Max values for the Y axis
When you have finished, click OK




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ACTIVATING THE VECTOR ANALYSIS PLOT
To activate the vector analysis plot (in the third pane): ensure you have your
required vector/polygon displayed in the Map View window
Select the Vector Analysis check box
Click the Select Vector button
On the Map View, use the cursor to select a vector/polygon
When you have selected a vector/polygon, it becomes highlighted, and the
symbol appears. You can then either move the cursor (if in Hot Tracking mode)
or click on a specific pixel (if in Pixel Select mode) along the vector.
As you move (or click) along the vector, you can see the analysis plots in the
third pane of the Pixel Analyser
The display format depends how you chose to customise the analysis plot




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DISPLAYING VECTOR ANALYSIS PLOTS




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HEIGHT PROFILE
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HEIGHT PROFILE
Use the Height Profile window to see a two dimensional cross-section of the
terrain between two points (or Properties) on the map
To open a Height Profile window: From the View menu, click Height Profile
In the Height Profile window, click the appropriate button, for example, Property
to point
In the Map View window, click the Property (or point) then move the cursor to
the desired point (or Property) and click again
The start and finish heights are set by the antenna heights of the selected
Property and the global height setting for the mobile antenna (normally 1.7m)
You can select which antenna from the Property is used. To do this, click with
the right mouse button on the Property and then double-click the required
antenna




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HEIGHT PROFILE
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HEIGHT PROFILE
To display clutter, in the Height Profiler, click the Settings tab, and select the
clutter options that you require. You can select to use Clutter Heights,Building
Raster Heights, Building Vector Heights, or a combination of these
If you choose Building Vector Heights, click the Select button, and in the dialog
box that appears, ensure that the Building Vectors option is selected, and then
click OK
After you have created a height profile path, you can look at specific points on it,
and instantly see the clearance between the line of sight (and/or the Fresnel
zone) and any obstacles below. To do this: in the Height Profile window, click
the Location Finder tab
Select the Show Marker check box. A vertical black line appears on the height
profile. The Marker Position pane shows the geographical co-ordinates




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ANALYSING ANTENNA TILTS IN THE HEIGHT PROFILE WINDOW
When you are using the Height Profile window to view the profile you can view
tilt angles in the Height Profile, display antenna tilts on the Height Profile,
calculate the antenna tilt for a specific point on a profile
In the Height Profile window, click the Display Tilt Angle button. The cellular
antenna tilt is displayed as a line for each Property
The antenna tilt is only valid if the profile falls within the horizontal 3dB
beamwidth of the antenna. If this is the case, the displayed antenna tilt is green.
However, whenever the profile falls outside this beamwidth, the displayed
antenna tilt becomes red, and the tilt angle in the message bar displays >3dB
Click the Location Finder tab in the Height Profile window, and select Show
Marker
On the Map View, move the vertical marker along the profile with your mouse.
The calculated tilt angles are displayed on the Location Finder tabfor each end
of the profile




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ANALYSING ANTENNA TILTS IN THE HEIGHT PROFILE
WINDOW
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STATISTICS
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STATISTICS
To help with decisions that influence the evolution of the cellular network,
MultiRadio Planner provides a comprehensive range of database and statistical
reports which can be generated in Microsoft Excel or a Text Editor
Statistical reports : these can only be generated after creating the relevant arrays.
They enable you to produce percentage statistics for arrays, both in terms of overall
results, and in terms of individual cells, clutter categories and cell coverage areas.
Distributional statistics (such as population) can also be incorporated in the results
To create a statistical report for any array: ensure you have created the necessary
arrays
Open a Map View (if not already open). Ensure that this includes the area for which
you want to generate statistics
Click the Show Data Types button to display the Data Types list, and expand either
the Simulator or Coverage heading, as appropriate
Select the required array, click with the right mouse button and then choose
Statistics




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STATISTICS
If you want to focus the statistics in a specific area or areas, enable the Restrict
Analysis Area check box, and click Select. In the Select Polygon Data dialog
box that appears, select one or more of the available polygons, and click OK.
You should ensure that the polygon(s) are within the chosen Map View
Note : if you choose not to select polygons, the statistics will be based on the
whole area displayed in the current Map View, that is the indicated Total Area
value
If you want to report on the amount of area covered, select Area Values
If you want to report on distributional statistics (such as population), select
Raster Values, and then browse to the saved traffic raster from which you want
these values to be obtained
In the Pixel Criteria Definition pane, choose the categories to base the report on
Click Generate.
In the Reporting dialog box that appears, choose how you would like to view the report
Click OK






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STATISTICS

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STATISTICS

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MANAGING ARRAYS (ARRAY MANAGER)
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MANAGING ARRAYS
In the Array Manager, you can view any array information currently in memory
You can also:
Load arrays
Save arrays
Delete arrays
View the Data Summary of a Simulation
Copy arrays to the array clipboard
Rename clipboard arrays
To open the Array Manager: from the arrays menu, click Array Manager



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MANAGING ARRAYS (SAVING/LOADING ARRAYS)
In the Array Manager, you can save a coverage or interference array
To do this: from the arrays menu, click Array Manager
Select the array that you want to save
Click Save.
In the Array File Selector dialog box, browse to the folder in which you want to save
the array file
If you have any planning comments that you want to add to the array header file,
double click the Comments field and type your comments in there
Click the Save button
In the Array Manager, you can load a coverage or interference array that you have
saved previously. To do this: from the arrays menu, click Array Manager
Click the Load button
In the dialog box that appears, locate the *.dat file that contains the array, and then
click Load. The required array is loaded



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ARRAY MANAGER

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COVERAGE INTERFERENCE WIZARD
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ARRAYS SETTINGS
On the Serving and Interfering Cells tab of the Array Settings dialog box,
in you can:
select the Use Carrier Layers check box if you want only specific carrier
layers to be considered during the creation of coverage or interference
arrays, and then select the layers whose contribution you want to
include
You can do this for both the serving and interfering signal
Tip : when the main check box is not selected, all carriers layers will be
included during array creation



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ARRAY SETTINGS

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DEFINING COVERAGE SCHEMAS
You can define your own coverage schemas for each cell layer, and then select
that schema to be used on the Map View
To add a coverage schema for a 2G network (Non-Sim): From the Configuration
menu, click Coverage Schemas
Select what type of schema you require. Choose System for a type that other
people can view or User to make a schema for your own use only
In the Schema (left side) pane, click Add. Enter a name for the new coverage
schema and click OK
In the Coverage Categories (right side) pane, click Add to add a category. In
the Label box enter a description, then choose a colour. Click Close to exit the
Coverage Schemas dialog box
From the Configuration menu, point to Layers and click Cell Layers. On the
Coverage Thresholds tab of the Cell Layers dialog box, select the appropriate
coverage schema from the drop-down box and double-click each category to set
its signal level
On the Coverage Type tab, choose the C/I Threshold, which dictates the point
at which the connection quality begins to suffer




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CREATING COVERAGE SCHEMAS AND DEFINING ARRAYS
THRESHOLDS
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CONFIGURING CELL LAYER
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LAUNCHING COVERAGE INTERFERENCE WIZARD
To create a Coverage / Interference array: ensure that you have created
predictions for all sites that are to be included
Open a Map View window, then from the arrays menu, point to
Coverage/Interference and click Coverage/Interference Wizard. Confirm that
you have the correct region to be covered by the array
Choose the type of array(s) you want to create, by selecting the relevant check
box(es)
Choose the Filter options for which the array will be generated
Sites to Include in Array Creation In the pane, choose whether to restrict the
number of sites that are considered while generating the array to: those that
have predictions that overlap the map view or those within a specified distance
from the map view extents
In the Array Options pane, choose a resolution for the array, and whether you
want to use only this resolution, or first try the resolution specified on the
Predictions tab for the site. Click Next
Choose whether to save any array(s) that you create by selecting the Save
check box. Click Finish




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LAUNCHING COVERAGE INTERFERENCE WIZARD
or
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COVERAGE INTERFERENCE WIZARD
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BEST SERVER ARRAY AND GSM COVERAGE SCHEMAS
Array using a default
coverage schema
Array using a OFR
coverage schema
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ARRAYS DESCRIPTIONS
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INTERFERENCE ARRAYS
When creating one of the Interference arrays, MultiRadio Planner requires a Best
Server array in memory
Best Server array
This array displays the signal strength of the best serving cell at each pixel on the Map
View
Worst Interferer array
For each pixel, the Worst Interferer Array calculates the C/I per frequency, summing
over all interferers, and selects the frequency with the lowest C/I. It also finds the
interferer that causes the most interference on that frequency.
Total Interference array
For each pixel, the Total Interference Array calculates the C/I per frequency, summing
over all interferers, and then sums the C/I for each frequency at the serving cell
Service Area
Service areas enable you to view the information from the Best Server Signal array in
terms of the geographical areas where each cell is the Best Serving Cell. It uses the
same information as the Best Server Signal array, but displays it in a different way



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TOTAL INTERFERENCE ARRAY
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MAP VIEW GADGET
The Map View gadget provides extra pixel specific information, such as
percentages or signal strengths
To specify what is displayed:
In the Map View window, from the View menu, select Show Map View Gadgets
Click the button to choose which items to display, then click OK.
The window displays data dynamically as you move the cursor across the Map
View




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MAP VIEW GADGET
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INTERFERENCE TABLE
To view an interference table: From the Tools menu, point to Interference
Tables and click View Interference Table. The window that appears shows the
cell of interest and the cell layer of interest
A list of interfering cells is shown in the Interference Data pane. If you select an
interferer in the list, the area of co-channel and adjacent interference is shown
and what percentage of the area is affected, if these frequencies were allocated
to these cells
When you create an interference table, the probability of interference depends
on the C/I of a pixel. The interference table calculates the interference for
overlapping areas between two sub-cells. That is, it describes the interference
that would result if any two cells were allocated the same or adjacent carriers
You can use a saved interference table to compare different scenarios










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INTERFERENCE TABLE
To create an interference table : ensure you have created a Best Server array
as an input to be analysed. Only cells for which coverage is available will be
considered when creating the interference table
From the Tools menu, point to Interference Tables and click Interference Table
Wizard
Define the area which you want the interference table to be calculated in
Click Next and enter the parameters that you wish to use to define the
interference table
Select a filter
Select the calculation method
If you do not select to use traffic data, then the interference table-only gives the
effect of interference relative to area









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INTERFERENCE TABLE: IDENTIFYING WORST
INTERFERERS
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INTERFERENCE TABLE: IDENTIFYING WORST
INTERFERERS
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GSM/DCS COVERAGE
(USE CASE 1)
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GSM/DCS COVERAGE (USE CASE 1)
You can create a DCS/GSM coverage. To do this :
Choose sites (4 or 5)
Draw a polygon
Create a filter based on your polygon
Check your environment
Run pathloss Predictor
Run Coverage Interference wizard
Use Map View Gadget, Table Interference
Use Height Profile
Generate statistics













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EDGE COVERAGE
(USE CASE 2)
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EDGE COVERAGE ( USE CASE 2)

Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution (EDGE) is a technology concentrating on the air
interface between the mobile and the base station. Based on a new modulation process, 8
Phase Shift Keying, or 8-PSK
EDGE boosts data speed and capacity per time slot
Let us have a closer look at the link adaptation function. 9 different Modulation and Coding
Schemes (MCS1...9) are available for each time slot within EGPRS, chosen after a careful
bit error rate measurement of the air interface. In the basic case, a very robust but low rate
GMSK modulated 8.8 kbps service is available with MCS1.
In conditions of nearly zero interference, the maximum data rate of 59.2 kbps per timeslot is
available with 8-PSK modulation and no additional channel coding for protection
This technology allows data rates of almost 474 kbps per user. On the other hand, EDGE is
very bit error sensitive and requires careful planning and a sufficient number of base
stations















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EDGE COVERAGE ( USE CASE 2)
For each CCS, a data rate table plots C/I against data rate per timeslot, giving
you a graph that you can use to look up the maximum data rate achievable
given a C/I measurement
This table is stored in the database
From the Configuration menu, point to Lookup Tables and Curves and click
EGPRS MCS
Click Show Graph to see a plot of C/I against data rate per timeslot
Prerequisites for creating (E)GPRS arrays : For this type of array Ensure that
you have EGPRS Best Server (GMSK Enabled Modulation) EDGE on all the
subcells that are to be included
Created an EGPRS (Best Server array)
Set the Frequency Hopping state of the best serving subcell
Calculated the interference from the current allocation of carriers















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EDITING EDGE CHANNELS CODING SCHEMES
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EDGE COVERAGE (USE CASE 2)
You can create a EDGE coverage. To do this :
Choose sites (4 or 5)
Draw a polygon
Create a filter based on your polygon
Check your environment
Run pathloss Predictor
Run Coverage Interference wizard
Use Map View Gadget, Table Interference
Use Height Profile
Generate statistics













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EDGE COVERAGE

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