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org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Emergency SHELTER in Natural Disasters
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Shelter after disaster
What is shelter
Emerging trends & challenges the big picture
Phases in shelter
Shelter as a process not a product
Shelter in emergency operations
The shelter tools



Time: 90 minutes
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Defining shelter
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Shelter and Settlements
Community
participation
Organisational
Development
Cross-cutting
issues
Camp Management
Coordination with
others
Other issues
Emergency, early recovery, recovery
Housing and Urban issues
Land and
housing
property rights
Infrastructures
Construction
Safe
Construction
Appropriate
technologies
Construction
Management
Shelter concept on a disaster response
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Some shelter numbers
66 million people with houses damaged by 2007 Asia floods
(Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan, China, DPRK, Vietnam, India)
1.8 million homes destroyed or damaged in Pakistan by the last
Floods in 2010
47.9% - housing as a percentage of total cost of tsunami damage in
Indonesia
CHF 100 million - IFRC spend on Aceh transitional shelter
programme
140,000 HH helped by RCRC in Haiti with Emergency Shelter
(covering kit, tents & STK)
CHF 310 - cost of a family tent to international specifications
CHF 100 cost of air freighting one family tent
CHF 60 cost of IFRC Shelter Kit
CHF 600 cost of building materials, tools, fixings etc. for Pakistan
earthquake transitional shelter 2006
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Disaster trends

Climate change
+
urbanisation
+
social & economic marginalisation
=
INCREASED SHELTER RISK

www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
IFRC and shelter
IFRC is the leading agency in the shelter sector
for natural disasters and few other agencies
have shelter in their mandate

National Societies implement a wide range of
emergency, transitional and permanent housing.
However only since 2006 IFRC has created a
Shelter Department.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Before disaster
Disaster
& emergency
response
Beyond emergency
response
Before disaster
over time households
build, extend and
upgrade houses
using materials,
cash, contracted
local labour or self-
help
Beyond emergency
response
households will over time
extend and upgrade
shelter solutions provided
using materials, cash,
contracted local labour
or self-help

Emergency response should support the sheltering process
providing materials, cash, contracted local labour or self-help +
technical support as appropriate
The process of sheltering
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Recovery
shelter/housing









Early
Recovery
shelter



Emergency
shelter
Self
recovery
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Tent Container House
Product / Phase
Approach
Process/ Needs
Approach:
Money
Materials Tools
Support
Guidance
Product vs. process
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Shelter Operations
Assessments
Programming and Coordination
Implementation
Monitoring and Evaluation
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Informed assessments
Assessments: Rapid, detailed, ongoing
What are affected households doing themselves
to meet their shelter needs and how can we assist
them? (use Sphere 2011 Shelter Checklist adapt
as needed)
Consider separate needs of:
Those displaced temporarily or permanently
From those who can return to the site of their
damaged/destroyed home
The issues of tenure
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Displaced and non-displaced population
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Get Emergency Shelter going & move to Early Recovery ASAP
Emergency Shelter (live saving) 3 options:
1. Coverage kit: (2 tarps + rope)
2. Shelter Kit: (2 tarps + tools (includes rope + fixings))
3. Family tent (tents can delay recovery process)
+ basic/simple technical advice
Early recovery Shelter 5 options:
1. Transitional shelter (T-shelter)
2. Construction material (roofing, walling, flooring)
3. Tools
4. Cash & Voucher/ credit card
5. Technical support/ awareness campaign (safe shelter)
Shelter Programming
+ complemented with NFIs + new HH kit.
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Contents:
2 tarpaulins (to specs) + 20 metres of rope (10 kg)
Technical advice (one pager on how to fix tarp to rope,
wood, and bamboo)
Cost: 40 CHF
Challenges: Rope has to be bought locally.
When to use:
Need for quick, low cost response
There are other materials available (salvaged)
Plastic Sheeting Guidelines, Shade Nets Guidelines
Coverage Kit
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Contents:
2 tarps + Shelter Toolkit (20Kg)
Technical advice (one flyer on how
to fix tarp to rope, wood, and
bamboo)
Cost: 60 CHF
Challenges:
Bulkier than coverage kit. Machetes.
When to use:
Variety of situations, versatile
There are other materials
available (salvaged)
Shelter kit guidelines + SK training
IFRC Shelter Kit
www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Repair or build
Use of Shelter Kit
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Contents:
16m2 family tent (64 kg)
Technical advice (one-pager
on where to put the tent, how
to prepare the ground and how
to erect it)
Cost: 310 CHF
Challenges: difficult to combine, evolve, adapt
When to use:
Life-saving need for quick answer and no materials available
Big emergencies (all solutions are needed)
Non-technical reasons
Political issues (Gvmt/ HNS)
Tent guidelines (available with assembly instruction)
Family tent
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Implementation Shelter response
Initial assessment Initial POA
Identification needs STT
Shelter Movement Coordination
Shelter Programme Manager IFRC
Shelter FACT
Technical support to shelter
implementation
STT
(Shelter Technical Team)
Coordinate/provide logistic support
technical programmes.
Logistic FACT -> ERU
SUPPORT SERVICES
Coordinate/implement relief response,
including Emergency shelter/NFIs.
Relief FACT -> ERU
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Implementation EMERGENCY Shelter
response
ACTIVITY WHO DOES WHO
SUPPORTS
COORDINATES
WITH
WHO APPROVES
Define EMERGENCY Shelter
Response
- Initial assessments
- identifying technical solution
- target beneficiaries caseload
- working plan & budget
Shelter FACT/
HNS
Counterpart
STT
IFRC ZO/HQ
(technical line)
Relief ERU
Relief FACT
Logistic FACT
FACT members
RC/RC Movement
Shelter CLUSTER
FACT TL/HoOp/HNS
PROCUREMENT
- national/international
Logistic FACT/
RLU/ HNS
Counterpart

IFRC ZO/IFRC HQ
(logistic
departments)
Shelter FACT/
STT TL
FACT TL/HoOp/HNS
<50.000 Log FACT
>50.000<400.000 RLU
>400.000 IFRC HQ
DELIVERY
- HH assessment for distribution
- registration & ticketing
- volunteers training
- distribution and M&E
Relief ERU/
HNS
Counterpart

Relief FACT
Shelter FACT/STT
Logistic ERU
Relief FACT
Shelter CLUSTER
RC/RC Movement

FACT TL/HNS

AWARENESS
-develop material
- volunteers training
- awareness campaign and M&E
STT/ HNS
Counterpart

Relief ERU/ HNS
distribution
teams

Shelter CLUSTER
RC/RC Movement
Shelter FACT/ STT TL/
HNS Counterpart

www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Implementation EARLY RECOVERY
Shelter response
ACTIVITY WHO DOES WHO
SUPPORTS
COORDINATES
WITH
WHO APPROVES
-Define EARLY RECOVERY
Shelter Response
- technical solution
- target beneficiaries
- working plan & budget
Shelter FACT
or shelter
programme
coord/ HNS
Counterpart
STT
IFRC ZO/HQ
(technical line)
MDAT (recovery
surge capacity)
Relief FACT/ERU
Logistic FACT/ERU
FACT members
RC/RC Movement
Shelter CLUSTER
FACT TL/HoOp/ HNS
PROCUREMENT
- national/international

Logistic
FACT/RLU

IFRC ZO/IFRC HQ
(logistic
departments)
Shelter FACT/
STT TL
FACT TL/HoOp/ HNS
<50.000 Log FACT
>50.000 <400.000 RLU
>400.000 IFRC HQ
DELIVERY
-Need/damage assessments
- registration
- community mobilization
- volunteers training
- implementation
STT/ HNS
Counterpart

Logistic FACT/ERU
Relief FACT/ERU
Shelter staff
Beneficiaries
Shelter CLUSTER
RC/RC Movement
FACT members
(integrate
approach)
Shelter FACT/shelter
programme
coordinator/HNS

AWARENESS
-develop material
- volunteers training
- awareness campaign
STT/ HNS
Counterpart

Shelter staff

Shelter CLUSTER
RC/RC Movement
Shelter FACT/ STT TL/
HNS Counterpart

www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Other aspects to consider
Lack of shelter counterpart within HNS
Shelter response should be linked with watsan, health,
livelihood (integrated approach) and general relief
programming.
Shelter is often a key component of recovery
programming consider household livelihood activities
and potential local economic impact of shelter response.
Procurement & Logistics and relief are key to
successful shelter.
Gender and crosscutting issues
Include monitoring & evaluation of the solution in
budget.

www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Shelter resources and support
Globally pre-positioned tarps, shelter kits and
tents in Regional Logistics Units
Emergency Items Catalogue (ERIC) online
www.ifrc.org/emergency-items
FedNet & DMIS: tools and resources, guidelines,
videos, documents, examples
Technical focal points within Secretariat (ZO &
GVA) to support shelter response, specifications,
programming tools, guidance, and longer term
programming

www.ifrc.org
Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Shelter & Settlement TECHNICAL support
Graham SAUNDERS
Head of Department
Sandra DURZO
Policy
Americas
Carmen FERRER
Americas Zone , Panama
Ela SERDAROGLU
Capacity Building
Asia Pacific & MENA
Gregg MCDONALD
Asia Pacific DMU,
Kuala Lumpur
Corinne TREHERNE
Technical Support
Africa
Marta PEA
Support Ops & Trainings
Europe & Central Asia
Alberto MONGUZZI
Europe Zone, Budapest
Pablo MEDINA
Global Shelter Cluster
Rea IVANEK
Senior Assistant
IFRC HEAD QUARTER (GVA) IFRC ZONE OFFICES
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings





For more information
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Saving lives, changing minds.
SHELTER
Session for
trainings
Questions?
Thanks for your interest !