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Introduction to GU SDR
Base Stations
GU Product Support Dept.
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2014/8/4 2
Purpose
2014/8/4 2
You are expected to master the following
knowledge after this course
basic concepts and structure of SDR
Types of SDR base stations
SDR hardware boards
Interfaces of SDR base stations

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Contents
Basic Concepts of SDR
Structure of SDR Base Stations
Introduction to BBU
Introduction to RU/RRU
Introduction to Interface between BBU and RU/RRU
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What is SDR
SDR- Software Defined Radio
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Contents
Basic concepts of SDR
Structure of SDR Base Stations
Introduction to BBU
Introduction to RU/RRU
Introduction to Interface between BBU and RU/RRU
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SDR technology brings changes to base station structure
Significant feature of the SDR software defined radio mode
1 The RF front end processes
signals of multiple radio modes
2 Baseband processes signals
of multiple radio modes
3 Software integration to
unify software versions
SDR technology
the system supports
multiple radio modes
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Structure of ZTE SDR base station
Support the distributed structure of BBU and RRU. For
traditional base stations, BBU and RRU should be in the same
module.
Multi-mode RF platform
Adopt IP technology to process internal data stream of the base
station
OMC platformOMCR and OMCB
Unified software platform
The distributed structure of BBU and RRU and R&D on a unified
platform are the core of the SDR base stations. The new structure
meets the demand and technology required by the market.
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ANT
Transceiver
Front end of Rx
Duplex
Multi-
carrier PA
External power
PWS
220VAC
RRU/RU



BBU
Resource
control board
BBU baseband pool
Fiber
SDR product structure
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Connection of different components of BBU
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SDR product architecture
Distributed base station: RF is distributed remotely
RRU
BBU
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SDR product architecture
Macro base station: BBU and RU are all in the cabinet, which is
different from the distributed base station in structure.
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Advantage 1 of the SDR architecture BBU and
RRU can be distributed separately
In this mode, both BBU and RRU and maximize their
efficiency. BBU can achieve the maximum integration,
and RRU can focus on the power of itself.
The networking is flexible if the RRU is distributed
remotely. For example, it can support multi-carrier and
indoor distributed coverage.
BBU and RRU can be distributed flexibly, which benefit
for compatibility design.
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Advantage 2 of the SDR architecture baseband hardware
Support multiple radio modes
Simple design
Powerful processing capability
Easy to manage
Easy to share resources
Cut cost
Easy for evolution of baseband technologies

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Advantage 3 of the SDR architecture independent RF unit
Simplified functions
Improved reliability, easy for maintenance
Improved the efficiency of the power amplifier
Optimized heat design, easy for integration
Closer to antenna, hence bigger power
Flexible forms of RU/RRU products
Help to reduce the size and weight of base stations
Cut cost


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Advantage 4 of the SDR architecture unified interface between
BBU and RU/RRU
The interface between BBU and RU/RRU is the exclusive
interface for communication between BBU and RU/RRU .
The interface between BBU and RU/RRU supports such radio
modes as GSM, WCDMA etc.
Support fiber interface and electrical interface
Support 1.2288Gbps and 2.4576Gbps rate
Support both star-type and link-type networking between BBU
and RU/RRU
Support RU/RRU cascading-connection
RRU can be distributed remotely. BBU can be kept 40 km away
from RRU.

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Distributed base station: B8200R8860
B8200: powerful BBU
Support both GSM and WCDMA.
R8860:
It supports GSM single-mode 6-carrier, or WCDMA single-mode
3-sector, or supports both radio modes at the same time.
ZXSDR BBU
ZXSDR RRU
RF
MS
Um
interface
CPRI
Fiber
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Indoor dual-mode macro base station ZXSDR BS8800
Size: main cabinet 950600450 mm
extension cabinet 700600450 mm
Weight: main cabinet 150Kg
extension cabinet 130Kg
Power: S12/12/12: 1335W
S6/6/6: 825W
Input voltage: -48VDC (-40~ -57VDC)
Transmission mode: the Abis interface supports 8 E1/T1 links
and 1 GE port.
Maximum site configuration: S12/12/12 or O36
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The structure of ZXSDR BS8800
Main cabinet
1650m
m
450 mm
600mm
PDM

Cabling trough

Baseband

950m
m
PDM

Cabling trough

RF unit

Extension cabinet
Fan
RU unit

Heat discharge unit
Ventilation hole


Heat discharge unit
Ventilation hole


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BBU: baseband unit, which is the same with B8200.
It can contain at most 2 sets of BBU.
RU60: GU dual mode RF unit. The core part is the same with that of
R8860. It supports 6 GSM carriers or 3 UMTS cells or GU dual-mode
configuration. Cabinet-top transmitting power is 60W.
RU80: GU dual mode RU unit. It is an upgraded version based on
RU60. Cabinet-top transmitting power is 80W.
Indoor dual mode macro base station ZXSDR BS8800
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BS8800 is developed on ZTEs unified platform. The rack
includes the physical cabinet, PDM unit and FAN unit.
BBU and the RU modules all adopt48V DC power supply.
All of the RU modules have the same size and outline.
The fan rotation speed can be adjusted by the software
according to different heat discharge requirements for
different RU modules, thus to lower down noises and achieve
energy efficient.
BS8800 has been used in the products of the three radio
modes, such as GSM, CDMA and UMTS.
Indoor dual mode macro base station ZXSDR BS8800
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Size: 1700600600 mm
Weight: 263Kg
Power: S12/12/12: 1886W
S6/6/6: 1261W
Input voltage: -48VDC (-40~ -57VDC)
Transmission mode: the Abis interface supports 8 E1/T1 links
and 1 GE port.
Maximum site configuration: S12/12/12 or O36

Outdoor dual mode macro base station ZXSDR BS8900
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Media plane of the SDR
The media plane supports transmission by the RTP(Real Time )
protocol
The UBPG of SDR and the BIPB of iBSC process RTP data of the
user plane.
CC is responsible for forwarding messages inside the BBU and over
the Abis interface.
CC
UBPG RRU FS iBSC
Forwarding
RTP
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Contents
Basic Concepts of SDR
Structure of SDR Base Stations
Introduction to BBU
Introduction to RU/RRU
Introduction to Interface between BBU and RU/RRU
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Hardware structure
Cabinet
- 19 inch
- 2U
Flexible installation mode
- Mounted on the wall
independently
- 19 inch standard cabinet
- Installed in the Hub cabinet
- Installed in the outdoor
cabinet

15
4 8
FA
3 7
14
2 6
13
1 5
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Hardware boards
Control and clock module (CC)- location 1 or 2
Fabric switching module (FS)-interface between BBU and RRU 3 or 4 slot
Site alarm module (SA)-8 E1/T1 interface, alarm
Baseband processing board (BPC/UBPG)-different mode choose different card
Fan array module (FA)
Power module (PM)
Backplane board (BB)- operating and power mode, CC management through BB.

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Hardware interfaces
E1: supports 16 E1/T1 links at most
GE: there are two GE interfaces. One is photo-electric
exclusively, and the other is electric.
CPRI: One FS has 6 CPRI interfaces. There are two FS
at most, hence there are 12 CRPI interfaces at most.
GPS1

CPRI
GE E1

GE
GPS
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Hardware function module CC
Integrate such functions as main control, clock, switching and the
Iub/Abis interface
Physically, the CC does not provide the E1/T1 interface. It connects
E1/T1 to the SA through the backplane of BBU, and the SA provides
the E1/T1 interface.
Support the master/slave mode
Full IP transmission
CC0: It supports internal or external GPS, clock cascaded connection,
and 16 E1 links. It does not support 2MBits clock.
CC2: It does not support internal or external GPS and clock cascaded
connection. It supports 2MBits clock and 8 E1 links.
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Hardware function module FS
It supports the master/slave mode and the load sharing function.
The slot for FS is also compatible for the baseband board.
6 1.25G CPRI optical ports, which support 24TRX (GSM) or
4CS (WCDMA) each.
It does not support master/slave switchover.
For GU dual mode N+6M<=24 (N represents number of TRXs,
and M represents number of CSs)
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Hardware function module SA/SE
Environment monitoring module
Fan monitor
SA: support 8 channels of E1/T1 signals, 1 RS232 serial port or
1 RS485 interface, 6 input dry contact alarm, and 2 double-
directional dry contact alarm
SE: support 8 channels of E1/T1 signals, 1 RS232 serial port or
1 RS485 interface, 6 input dry contact alarm, and 2 double-
directional dry contact alarm
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Hardware function module UBPG
GSM baseband processing module
Responsible for baseband modulation. Downlink: processing up
to 12 carriers, speed adaption, channel coding and interleaving,
encryption; producing TDMA burst pulse, GMSK/8PSK
modulation; outputting IQ baseband digital signals; sending
power and frequency control information to RRU for processing.
Responsible for baseband modulation. Uplink: process up to 12
carriers; after receiving IQ baseband data from RRU, perform
diversity combination for the receiver, digital demodulation
(GMSK and 8PSK demodulation, balance), decryption, de-
interleaving, channel decoding and speed adaption, and then
sends to the CC board through the Ethernet port.
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Hardware function module FA
Fan monitoring module
Power supply, rotation control and status report
LEDs on the fan subrack
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Hardware function module PM
A single PM provides 16 12V-power supply, which can meet the
power supply requirement of B8200 in full configuration.
Two PMs working in master/slave mode

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Hardware function module backplane
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BBU configuration rules
Board Configurations
Power module (PM) 1 PM is configured by default. Decide whether it is necessary to
configure 2 PMs according to the requirement for reliability and cost.
Site alarm module (SA) 1 SA is configured by default.
Control and clock module (CC) 1 CC is configured by default. Select either CC0 or CC2 according to
the clock and E1. Decide whether it is necessary to configure 2 CCs
according to the requirement for reliability and cost.
Fabric switch module (FS) Generally, 1 FS is configured, and 2 FSs at most. The quantity
depends on site configuration.
Universal baseband processing
board for GSM (UBPG)
The quantity depends on site configuration.
The slots are compatible for both the BPC and the UBPG.
Baseband processing board
type C (BPC)
The quantity depends on site configuration.
The slots are compatible for both the BPC and the UBPG.
Fan array module (FA) 1 FA only is configured
Site alarm extension board
(SE)
Optional, which depends on the quantity of dry contacts.
It is inserted at Slot 5.
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Contents
Basic Concepts of SDR
Structure of SDR Base Stations
Introduction to BBU
Introduction to RU/RRU
Introduction to Interface between BBU and RU/RRU
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Multi-carrier RU/RRU (1)
The multi-carrier RF modules include three types:
RU60 (60W) , R8860 (60W), and RU80 (80W).
RU/RRU uses multi-carrier technology. IT performs
signal synthesis for multiple carriers. It uses only
one set of boards and PA, and one set of antenna
system. RU60 supports signal synthesis for 6
carriers.
The RU/RRU module has only two external
antenna ports. It supports single-transmitting and
double receiving generally. If the cell has over 6
carriers, one port should be reserved to connect
the other RU.
RU/RRU adopts broadband transceiver and
broadband power amplifier.
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Multi-carrier RU/RRU (2)
RU/RRU is responsible for functions of the baseband RF
interface and the Uu/Um interface.
RU/RRU is responsible for access and radio link
transmission of UE/MS through the Uu/Um interface,
including RF processing, modulation/demodulation,
measurement and report, power control, receiving
diversity, correction, synchronization, etc.
It connects to BBU through the optical interface by the
CPRI protocol. It implements the following functions
through the optical interface, such as IQ data
transmission, measurement report, RF function
configuration, clock synchronization, etc.
906 for GSM 900 & 186 for GSM 1800

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Contents
Basic Concepts of SDR
Structure of SDR Base Stations
Introduction to BBU
Introduction to RU/RRU
Introduction to Interface between BBU and RU/RRU
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Fiber interfaces
Each FS board supports 6 fiber interfaces.
Each RU supports 2 fiber interfaces.
BBU is at most 40 Km away from the RU.
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High integration
Uppg support 12 Carrier
RU supports 6TRX.
A fiber can support 24 TRX, incase of cascading mode.
Support smooth evolution to LTE and HSPA+
All IP transmission based structure
Support multi-band RRU

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Flexible structure
Support macro-base station
Support remote RU
Support both FE/GE and E1/T1
Support both indoor and outdoor requirements
Small volume and light weight
Energy efficient
Support evolution of the technology
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Review
Basic concepts of SDR
SDR hardware and software structure
3 types of SDR base stations
Functions of each SDR board
Various interface of SDR
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