Flexi-Grid Optical networking

RSA (Routing and Spectrum Algorithm)

Guide :Prof Devi Chadha
Prof Vinod Chandra

By : Vikas Agrawal
(2013jop2487)

Optical Networking
Point to Point Fiber Communication.
DWDM(Dense wavelength Division
Multiplexing)
DWDM + OADMs + OXCs
Why Optical Networking
The demand for high value of bandwidth.

Rapid Increase in Speed of transmission.

Low signal attenuation.

Low signal distortion.

Low power requirements.

Highly reliable .

Optical Networking and its Generation
An optical network connects the computers and other devices through
optical fibers along with optical devices such as transducers (electrical to
optical and vice versa).

In First generation - copper wires are simply replaced with optical fiber.
In first generation, switching and other network functions were done in
electrical domain only, optical fiber is only used to carry the information
just as copper cable is used earlier.

In Second generation routing, switching and intelligence is done in
optical domain only.
Here technology used is wavelength division multiplexing to provide the
capacity needed.
Thus , data rate get increase in second generation as compared to first
generation.



What to do study
Algorithms to solve the planning problem of transparent spectrum flexible networks, referred to as routing and
spectrum allocation (RSA).

It is the role of the routing and spectrum allocation RSA algorithm to identify how to serve each demand and select
the configuration that effectively allocate paths and spectrum slots to those connections accordingly.

Changes in the traffic happens dynamically, and we have to absorb these changes by changing their utilized
spectrum in real time. This can be done by expanding or contracting the continuous spectrum allocated to the
existing connections.

In this each route is given a reference frequency by a dynamic RSA algorithm. The connection is allowed to expand
and contract the spectrum used around this reference frequency so as to face the problem of dynamic allocation in
grid.

No spectrum overlapping among connections is allowed at any given instant, but the spectrum can be shared
among connections at different time instants, yielding multiplexing gains.


Under this algorithm, the connection starts from its reference frequency and expands toward higher slots until it
reaches a slot that it is utilized by an upper spectrum adjacent connection. Then, if more spectrum is required by
the connection, it expands toward lower spectrum slots until it reaches a slot that is utilized by a bottom spectrum
adjacent connection. Spectrum contraction follows the inverse procedure.
References: Static and Dynamic Spectrum Allocation in Flexi-grid Optical Networks,
Konstantinos ,School of Computer Science and Statistics, Trinity College Dublin.