M1 HSDPA Training HSDPA Introduction

1 Nokia Siemens Networks HSDPA Training / 14.02.
2008 / THa
HSDPA Training
25.02. 29.02.2008

Cordoba, Argentina

Introduction
2 Nokia Siemens Networks HSDPA Training / 14.02.2008 / THa
Content
Introduction to HSDPA
Introduction to HSDPA
HSPA Pushes Functionalities to Base Station
HSDPA = High Speed Downlink Packet Access
HSUPA = High Speed Uplink Packet Access
HSPA = HSDPA + HSUPA
HSDPA
HSUPA
Mobile Base station Radio network
controller RNC
HSPA scheduling and
retransmission control
in base station
WCDMA R99
scheduling and
retransmission control
in RNC
WCDMA R99 uplink/downlink
HSDPA - General Principle
Channel quality
(CQI, Ack/Nack, TPC)
Data in HS-DSCH
BTS Tx pwr
Tx power for
HSDPA
is constant
Throughput
Throughput
varies according
to channel quality
HSDPA R99-DCH
BTS Tx pwr
Tx power varies
according to
channel quality
(BLER)
Throughput
Throughput is
maintained
#channelisation
Codes per UE
Only 1 variable SF
code used per user
1
#channelisation
Codes per UE
2
4
6
8
0-15 codes of SF16
used based on
channel quality and
UE/network capability
Channel quality
BTS Tx pwr
BTS Tx power
Tx power
varies
according to
channel quality
(BLER)
Code power per user
Throughput
according to QoS
profile
Code power
per user
Throughput
according
Channel
quality
1 variable SF
code per user =
3 variable SF
codes
simultaneously
0-15 SF16 codes
per user, only 1
user at the time
(2ms intervals)
Data in HS-DSCH
HSDPA R99-DCH
Fast scheduling is done directly in Node-B based on feedback
information from UE and knowledge of current traffic state.
UE2
Channel quality
Channel quality
Data
Data
Users may be time and/or code multiplexed
New base station functions
HARQ retransmissions
Modulation/coding selection
Packet data scheduling (short TTI)
UE1
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
- 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/4
16QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
I
n
s
t
a
n
t
a
n
e
o
u
s

E
s
N
o

[
d
B
]
Functionality
Notes:
3GPP allows multi-code transmission for R99 DCH but in practise only 1
code is used
The HSDPA user plane channel cannot use soft handover, although the
associated DCH may use soft handover
R99 DCH HSDPA
Variable spreading
factor
Yes No
Multicode transmission Yes Yes
Adaptive modulation No Yes
Fast power control Yes No
Soft handover Yes No
Node B scheduling No Yes
Fast L1 HARQ No Yes
TTI 10, 20, 40 ms 2 ms
Maximum Bit Rates
Coding rate
QPSK
Coding rate
1/4
2/4
3/4
5 codes 10 codes 15 codes
600 kbps 1.2 Mbps 1.8 Mbps
1.2 Mbps 2.4 Mbps 3.6 Mbps
16QAM
2/4
3/4
4/4
HSDPA
RAS05 CD RAS05 RAS06
Both HSDPA and HSUPA aim
to increase
individual connection
throughput
total cell throughput
Marketed bit rates do not
represent RLC layer
throughput

HSDPA RLC throughputs are:
RAS05 1.6 Mbps
RAS05 CD 3.2 Mbps
RAS06 9.6 Mbps
UE Categories defined in 3GPP
10
9
7/8
5/6
3/4
1/2
12
11
HSDPA
Category
-
-
-
3.6
Mbps
1.8
Mbps
1.2
Mbps
1.8
Mbps
0.9
Mbps
5 Codes
- - 3630 2 QPSK only
- - 3630 1 QPSK only
QPSK/16Q
AM
QPSK/16Q
AM
QPSK/16Q
AM
QPSK/16Q
AM
QPSK/16Q
AM
QPSK/16Q
AM
Modulation
14.0 Mbps
10.1 Mbps
-
-
-
-
15 Codes
- 27952 1
- 20251 1
7.2 Mbps
14411 1
- 7298 1
- 7298 2
- 7298 3
10 Codes
Transport
Block size
Inter-TTI
Release99 vs HSDPA Retransmissions
Terminal
BTS
RNC
Rel99 DCH/DSCH Rel5 HS-DSCH
Packet
Retransmissio
n
RLC
ACK/NACK
L1Retransmissi
on
L1
ACK/NACK
Packet
RLC
Retransmission
RLC
ACK/NACK
Retransmissions in HSDPA
Server RNC Node-B
UE
RLC layer retransmissions
TCP retransmissions
MAC-hs Layer-1
retransmissions
IuB Flow Control
TCP layer retransmissions.
(incl. slow start effect)
RLC retransmission delay ~150 ms
L1 retransmission
delay ~10 ms
L1 retransmissions are
introduced in HSDPA to reduce
retransmission delays
HSDPA Protocol Model
TNL
MAC-d
DCH
FP
DCH
FP
MAC-d
TNL
NodeB Iub RNC
RLC RLC
MAC-hs
PHY PHY TNL
MAC-d
MAC-hs HS-DSCH FP HS-DSCH FP
MAC-d
TNL
UE Uu NodeB Iub RNC
RLC RLC
MAC-d flow HS-DSCH
PHY PHY
UE Uu
DCH
DPCH
HS-PDSCH
R99
R5
HSDPA in Nokia RRM
The PDCP, RLC and MAC-d layers are unchanged from the Release '99
and Release 4 architecture
The new functionalities of hybrid ARQ and scheduling/priority handling
are included in the MAC layer
In the UTRAN side, these functions are included in a new entity called
MAC-hs, which is located in the BTS
A new type of transport channel, the HS-DSCH, is introduced for
HSDPA
It is controlled by the MAC-hs.

Iub
Affected by HSDPA
RNC
RRM
AC
PS
HC LC
RM
PDCP
RLC
MAC
FP
Transport
Node B
FP
Transport
MAC-hs
WCDMA
L1
O&M
Not affected by HSDPA
New entity for HSDPA
Fast Link Adaptation in HSDPA
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
- 2
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Time [number of TTIs]
QPSK1/4
QPSK2/4
QPSK3/4
16QAM2/4
16QAM3/4
I
n
s
t
a
n
t
a
n
e
o
u
s

E
s
N
o

[
d
B
]
C/I received
by UE
Link
adaptation
mode
C/I varies
with fading
BTS adjusts link adaptation
mode with a few ms delay
based on channel quality
reports from the UE
HSDPA traffic volume increasing
capacity optimisation need growing
Western european operator 3G traffic during October 2006

HSDPA traffic
volume over the
network
is three times
larger than 3G
voice traffic

+300GB/day
from HSDPA
subs alone

Increased HSDPA capacity with 16 Users per
Cell
High-capacity, high number of users
with efficient data throughput per user
RAS05
Maximum number of HSDPA users per BTS: 16
HS-DSCH is transmitted to one cell at a time from
BTS
Time multiplexed between different cells of
BTS
Up to 3 cells per BTS can be enabled for
HSDPA
RAS05.1

Maximum number of HSDPA users per cell: 16
HS-DSCH can be transmitted to all cells in BTS
at the same time
Provides 10.8Mbps HSDPA throughput per BTS
HSDPA with 16 users per cell brings the HSDPA performance gains for each cell
independently of the data rate in the other cells in the same BTS
Availability of sufficient baseband processing and transport resources required
WCDMA RAS Releases Roadmap -> RAS051
Telecom & RRM
HSDPA with QPSK, 16QAM and
5 codes
16 HSDPA Users per BTS
Directed RRC Connection Setup
for HSDPA Layer
HSDPA Mobility Handling with
DCH Switching
HSDPA Shared Control Channel
Power Control
Enhanced Priority Based
Scheduling and Overload
Control for NRT Traffic
BTS & RNC & Transmission
Advanced Indoor Radio
Support for up to 4+4+4
configuration
3GPP Iub
MetroSite50
Operability & performance
Radio Connection Performance
Measurements (RLC AM)
Telecom & RRM
16 HSDPA Users per Cell
HSDPA Proportional Fair Resource
Packet Scheduler
HSDPA Serving Cell Change
HSDPA with AMR Voice Call
HSDPA Dynamic Power Allocation
Load and Service based IS/IF Handover
Flexible Upgrade of NRT Data Rate
Throughput Based Optimisation of the
Packet Scheduler Algorithm
Power Balancing
Narrowband AMR Codec Set
UE Based A-GPS
Flexi WCDMA BTS (850,900,1700,
1800, 1700/2100)
High Capacity RNC (450Mbps)
RNC Star Configuration: 512 BTS
RAS05

3GPP Rel-5

3GPP Rel-5
RAN04
Telecom & RRM
3GPP R4 Baseline
Multi-RAB: AMR + 3 PS data
Streaming Packet QoS
LCS
Service Area Broadcast
Multi-Operator RAN
Directed RRC Connection Setup
RNC196
Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS
Optima Compact
Nokia UltraSite WCDMA BTS
Supreme
Triple-Mode Nokia UltraSite
EDGE BTS
Nokia MetroSite WCDMA BTS
ROC Rollout Optimised Concept
Operability & performance
OCNS Generator

3GPP Rel-4
RAS05.1
WCDMA RAS Release Roadmap Summary
Telecom & RRM
HSDPA 10 & 15 Codes (peak data rate 10.8 Mbps,
7.2Mbps/user)
Shared HSDPA Scheduler for Baseband Efficiency
HSDPA Code Multiplexing
HSDPA Dynamic Resource Allocation
48 HSDPA Users per Cell
HSUPA (peak data rate 1.5 Mbps)
HSPA Layering for UEs in Common Channels
I-HSPA Support
HSDPA 10 Mbps per User
HSDPA 14.4 Mbps per Cell
HSUPA 2.0 Mbps
MORAN for up to 4 Operators
Wideband AMR Codec Set
RAS06
3GPP Rel-6
BTS & RNC
Pico BTS
Extended Cell (180 km)
Flexi BTS Mast Head RF Module 40W
Flexi BTS High Capacity System Module
Sameband Combiner for Flexi WCDMA
Linux Based OMS Replacing NEMU
RNC Improved Capacity
Transmission
Iu-PS, Iu-CS, Iur over IP
Flexible Iu
Dynamic Scheduling for NRT HSDPA & DCH
Transport Bearer Tuning
UBR+ for Iub User Plane
Hybrid BTS Backhaul
Operability & Performance
Cell Throughput Measurements
ATM Transport Statistics
3GPP TS 32.403 Related Counter Additions
HSPA Subscriber Trace
RNC Support for Traffica
Abbreviations
Abbreviations A-C
16QAM Quadrature amplitude modulation
3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
A2EA AAL2 End Address
A2SU AAL2 Switching Unit
AA ATM Adaptation Interface
AAL ATM Adaptation Layer
AAL2mux AAL2 Multiplexing
AAL2sig AAL2 Signalling Channel
AAM AAL2 Multiplexing Module
ABR Area Border Router
AC Admission Control
Ack/NAck Acknowledged / Not Acknowledged-message (HSDPA)
AESA ATM End System Address (=A2EA)
AFI Authority and Format Identifier
AIS Alarm indication signal
ALC automatic level control
ALCAP access link control application protocol
AML AXC Markup Language
AMR Adaptive Multi Rate
ARP Address Resolution Protocoll
ARQ automatic repeat request
ATM Asynchronous Transfer Mode
ATMML Japanese SDH
AU administrative unit
AUG administrative unit group
AXC ATM Cross Connect
AXC-C AXC compact
AXC-D AXC compact
AXU ATM Cross Connection Unit
BB Baseband
BBU Baseband Unit
BCH broadcast channel
BER Bit Error Rate
BHCA Busy Hour Call Attempts
BRM BTS Resource Manager
BSC Base Station Controler
BTS Base Transceiver Station
C CBR Service Category
C1 CBR QoS class 1
CAC Connection Admission Control
CBC Central Broadcastin Center
CBR Constant Bit Rate
CCCH Common Control Channels
CDVT Cell Delay Variation Toelerance
CE Channel Element (=HWCh)
CEC Capacity Enhanced Configuration
CES Circuit Emulation Service
CID Channel Identifier
CIF Convergence Interface
CLP Cell Loss Priority
CLR Cell Loss Ratio
C-NBAP Common NodeB Application part
CoCo Connection Configuration
Corba Common Object Request Broker Architecture
CPCH common packet channel
CPS Common Part Sublayer
cps Cells Per Second
CQI Channel Quality Indication
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRP Central Routing Processor
CS Curcuit Switched
CS64 Circuit Switched Service with 64 kbps, usually Video Call (UDI)
CT Connection Termination
Cu Composite Unit Timer
Abbreviations D-I
DA Digit Analysis
DBLF Double Frame
DCCH Dedicated Control Channel
DCH often used for DTCH
DCN data communication network
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration
DIM Dimensioning
DL Downlink
DMCU Data processing & Macro diversity Combining Unit
DMPG
D-NBAP Dedicated NodeB Application part
DRX discontinous reception paging mode
DSP Digital Signal Processor
DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel
DyLo Dynamic Link Optimisation
E1 European Digital Signal 1;
Eb/No Signal Over Noise Ratio
EBER Excessive Bit Error Rate
ED Enhanced Delivery
EDGE enhanced data rates for global evolution
EOLC Enhanced Overload Control
EPD Early Packet Discard
Erl Erlang
ESA Ethernet Hub
ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute
FACH Forwar Access Channel
FB Flexbus
FLXU Flexible Upgrade
FP Frame Protocol
FSM FlexiBTS Summing & Multiplexing Module
GBR Guaranteed Bit Rate
GCD Generic Change Delivery
GGSN gateway GPRS support node
GoS Grade Of Service
GPLC General Purpose Line Card
GPRS general packet radio service
GSM Global System for Mobile Communications (Groupe Spciale Mobile)
GT Global Title
GTP GPRS Tunneling Protocol
GTPU GPRS Tunneling Protocol Unit
GUI Graphical User Interface
GW Gateway
HC Handover Control
HDB3 High Density Bipolar of order 3 code
hdr Header
HEC Header Error Check
HSDPA High Speed Downlink Packet Access
HSUPA High Speed Uplink Packet Access
HUB central location device, aggregating/distributing traffic
HW Hardware
HWCh Hardware Channel (=CE)
ICP IMA Control Protocol
ICSU Interface Control and Signalling Unit
IF Interface
IFU Interface Unit of AXC
IMA Inverse Multiplexing for ATM
IOR interoperable object reference
IP Internet Protocol
IPoAM IP over ATM
IPoATM IP over ATM
ISDN integrated services digital network
ITU-T International Telecommunication Union
Iu Abreviation for Iu-CS & Iu-PS interface
Iub RNC interface to NodeBs
Iu-BC RNC interface to CBC
Iu-CS RNC interface to MGW for CS traffic
Iu-PS RNC interface to SGSN for PS traffic
Iur RNC interface to an adjacent RNC for SHO
IWF Interworking Function
IWU Interworking Unit, sometimes used for MGW
Abbreviations J-O
JT1 Japanese system based on the US T1 interface
JT2 Japanese system with a 6.312 Mbit/s data rate
LAN Local Area Network
Lbo Line Build Out
LC Load Control
LI Length Indicator
LLC logical link control
LMP Local Management Port
LMT Local Management Terminal
LN
LOF Loss Of Frame
LOS Loss Of Signal
MAC Media Access Control
MAC-d
MAC-hs MAC for HSDPA flow
MAC-sh MAC for shared .
MCC Mobility Country Code
MCR Minimum Cell Rate
MDCR Minimum Desired Cell Rate
MDS management data server;
MEGACO signalling protocol between external call agents and MGW in VoIP networks
MGW Media Gateway
MML Man Machine Language
MNC Mobility Network Code
MS-AIS multiplex section alarm indication signal
MSC mobile services switching centre
MSOH Multiplex Section Overhead
MSP Multiplex Section Protection
MSS MSC server
MTP-3b: Message Transfer Part Level 3 broadband
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
MW Microwave
MWAM Master WAM
MXU Multiplexing Unit
NBA NodeB Apllication Part
NE Network Element
NEMU Network Element Management Unit
NIP Network Interface PDH
NIS Network Interface SDH
NIU Network Interface Unit
NMS Network Management System
NNI: Network-Network-Interface (Iur & Iu)
NodeB 3G BTS
NPC Network Parameter Control
NRM TRS Resource Control
NRT Non Real Time
NST Non-scheduled Transmission
NTP Network Time Protocol
NWI3 network interface for 3rd generation networks;
O&M Operation & Maintenance
OC Optical Carrier, optical signal of synchronous optical network (SONET)
OMU Operation and Maintenance Unit
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
OSS operations support system
OSS operation and maintenance subsystem
Abbreviations P-R
pad Padding
PBS Priority Based Scheduling
PC Power Control
PCH Paging Channel
PCM Pulse Code Modulation
PCR Peak Cell Rate
PDCP packet data convergence protocol
PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy
PDU Packet Data Unit
PET PDH Exchange Terminal
PF Proportianl Fair
PHY Physical Layer
PhyTTP Physical Trail Terminatin Point
PID Path Identifier
POC Point Of Concentration (TRS hub)
POH Path Overhead
PPD Partial Packet Discard
PPP point-to-point protocol
PS Packet Switched
PS Packet Scheduler
PSTN public switched telephone network
PT Last bit in ATM-cell header payload identifier (AAL5 PDU end detection)
Q.2150 is needed to adapt the AAL2 signalling protocol to lower layers
Q.2150.1 is the signalling transport converter for UNI
Q.2150.2 is the signalling transport converter for NNI
Q.2630.1 AAL2 signalling capability set 1
QoS Quality of Service
QPSK Quadrature Phase-shift keying
R99 3G traffic in UMTS network (non-HSDPA!)
RAB Radio Access Bearer
RACH Random Access Channel
RAML Radio Access Markup Language
RAN Radio Access Network
RANAP: Radio Access Network Application Part
RAS Radio Access System
RB Radio Bearer (RAB)
RCP RAN Capacity Planner
RDI Remote Defect Indication
Rel99 3G traffic in UMTS network (non-HSDPA!)
RF Radio Frequency, also used for Radio Planning part
RLC Radio Link Control
RLM Radio Link Measurement
RM Resource Manager
RNC Radio Network Controler
RNSAP: Radio Network Subsystem Application Part
RNW Radio Network
ROC Roll Out Configuration
RR Round Robin
RRC Radio Resource Control
RRI Radio Relay Interface
RRM Radio Resource Management
RRMU Radio Resource Management Unit
RSMU Resource and Switch Management Unit
RSOH Regenerator Section Overhead
RT Real Time
RX receiving direction
Abbreviations S-T
SAAL: Signalling ATM Adaptation Layer (= SSCF + SSCOP + AAL5)
SAbit used for carrying network information for several network status indications
SAR Segmentation And Reassembly sublayer
S-AXC Standalone AXC
SCCP: Signaling Connection Control Part
SCMG SCCP Management
SCR Sustainable Cell Rate
SD Signal Degrade
SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
SDU service data unit, information unit passed from one protocol layer to another
SEAL simple and efficient adaptation layer; to support AAL5
SEP Signalling End Point
SET SDH Exchange Terminal
SF Signal Failure
SFP small form-factor pluggable
SFS
SFU Switching Fabric Unit
SGSN Serving GPRS Support Node
SHA Shared HSDPA Allocation
SHFCA Shared HSDPA Flow Control Allocation
SHO Soft Handover
SIGTRAN signalling transmission
SL Signalling Link
SLC Signalling Link Code
SLN Signalling Link Number
SNAP subnetwork attachment point
SNM Signalling Network Management
SNT Signalling Network Testing and Maintenance
SONET American SDH
SP Signalling Point
SPC Signalling Point Code
SPS Strict Priority Scheduler
SRB Signal Radio Bearer (= DCCH)
SS7 Signalling System No7
SSCF: Service Specific Coordination Function
SSCOP: Service Specific Connection Oriented Protocol
SSM synchronisation status message
STC signalling transport converter
STM synchronous transfer mode
STP Signalling Transfer Point
STS synchronous transport signal level (STM)
SW Software
T1 American Digital Signal 1 (24TSL / 1.544 Mbps)
TBS Transmission Block Size
TBT Transport Bearer Tuning
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TCP/IP transmission control protocol/Internet protocol, in Iub usually used for O&M
TDM Time Division Multiplex
THP Traffic Handling Priority
TRDE Traffic Descriptor
TRM
TRS Transmission
TRUA GSM-BTS Transmission Unit A
TRX Transceiver of GSM-BTS
TS Timeslot
TSL Timeslot
TT Trail Termination
TTI Transmission Time Interval
TU Tributary Unit (SDH)
TUG Tributary Unit Group
TX sending direction
Abbreviations U-Z
U UBR Service Category
UBR Unspecified Bit Rate
UBR+ Unspecified Bit Rate with a guaranteed Minimum Cell Rate (MCR/MDCR)
UDI Unrestricted Digital Information
UDP User Datagramm Protocol
UE 3G Mobile
UL Uplink
UNI: User-Network-Interface (Iub)
UP User Plane
UPC Usage Parameter Control
URA UTRAN registration area
UTRAN UMTS terrestrial radio access network
Uu Air Interface
UUI User-to-User-Information
VC Virtual Channel
VC12 Virtual Container of SDH-hierarchy 12
VCC Virtual Channel Connection
VCCT Virtual Channel Connection Termination
VCI Virtual Channel Identifier
VCTT Virtual Channel Trail Termination
VoIP Voice Over IP
VP Virtual Path
VPC Virtual Path Connection
VPCT Virtual PathConnection Termination
VPI Virtual Path Identifier
VPTT Virtual Path Trail Termination
WAF WCDMA Antenna Filter unit
WAM WCDMA Application Manager
WAN Wide Area Network
WBTS WCDMA BTS
WCDMA wideband code division multiple access
WCI WCDMA Carrier Interface
WDU Winchester Disc Unit
WPA WCDMA Power Amplifier unit
WSC WCDMA System Clock
WSM WCDMA Summing and Multiplexing Unit
WSP WCDMA Signal Processing unit
WTR WCDMA Transmitter and Receiver unit
XCON Cross Connection
XML Extensible Markup Language
Thank You !

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