MEASURES TO PROTECT THE

DONOR
&
DEFERRAL CONDITIONS
PRESENTED BY
Dr. KHADIJA HABIB
M.Phil HAEMATOLOGY
1
st
SEMESTER
OUTLINE


INTRODUCTION

PRIMARY CONCERN DURING TRANSFUSION

SOURCE OF SAFE BLOOD

BLOOD DONOR SAFETY
INTRODUCTION
Transfusion of whole blood
and blood components is
important part of health care
system.

It is necessary that blood
and components are to be
100% safe.

Blood safety begins from
safe blood collection to safe
blood transfusion.
Blood is always needed
for:
accident victims
cancer patients
blood disorder patients
surgery patients
Pre-mature, pre term
babies
and many others.
PRIMARY CONCERN


Safety of Blood Donor

Safety of Blood Recipient
BLOOD DONOR SOURCES

Family / Friends
Forceful donation
Paid donation
Associated with high
prevalence of TTI


Paid / Professional
Alcoholic s / Drug abusers /
indiscriminate sexual habits.
High risk group for Hepatitis
and AIDS
REPLACEMENT DONOR
PAID DONOR




S
A
F
E


B
L
O
O
D


D
O
N
O
R


Voluntary

Non-
remunerated

Low risk
population
MEASURES TO PROTECT THE
BLOOD DONOR

BLOOD DONOR SAFETY MEASURES
Pre-Donation:
Donor eligibility criteria
Medical examination
Donor Screening
Donor deferral criteria

Donation:
Blood donation procedure

Post-Donation:
Rest / advice
Refreshment

MEASURES TO PROTECT THE DONOR
Age 17 70 years (60 at first donation)
Weight above 50 kg (7 st 12 lb)
Haemoglobin > 13 g/dl for men, 12 g/dl for women
Minimum donation interval of 12 weeks (16 weeks advised) and
three donations per year maximum
Pregnant and lactating women excluded because of high iron
requirements
Exclusion of those with:
Known cardiovascular disease, including hypertension
Significant respiratory disorders
Epilepsy and other CNS disorders
Gastrointestinal disorders with impaired absorption
Insulin- dependent diabetes
Chronic renal disease
Ongoing medical investigation or clinical trials
Exclusion of any donor returning to occupations such as driving
bus, plane or train, heavy machine or crane operator,
mining, scaffolding, etc. because delayed faint would be
hazardous

DONOR ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Who can DONATE ?
AGE:
17-18 to 65-70 yrs
WEIGHT:
> 50 kg
HAEMOGLOBIN:
men= >13 g/dl
women= >12 g/dl
HEMATOCRIT RANGE:
HEALTH STATUS:
OCCUPATIONAL
CONDITIONS:

DONOR GENERAL EXAMINATION

Ask questions about:
donor health
travel
medicines
Assess if donor might be at
risk of transfusion
transmissible diseases.

Assess for :
BP
temp
pulse
anemia
HISTORY GPE
M
I
N
O
R


R
E
D


C
E
L
L


A
B
N
O
R
M
A
L
I
T
I
E
S

Thalassemia trait,
Sicke cell trait,
hereditary sphero
Donors can donate
blood if Hb screening
excludes anemia.

Red cell with HbS
Should not be
transfused to new born
infants,pts with
hypoxia or HbSS.

Donor with G6PD
def can donate blood
normally
Unless recipient given
oxidant drugs.


DONATION INTERVAL:
2-3 times per year in UK
Minimum interval 12weeks(16 wks
advised)


VOLUME OF BLOOD:
Normally 450 +/- 45ml with 63 ml CPD-
A anti-coag.
In Japan under wt healthy= 250ml

BLOOD SCREENING
The primary tests recommended WHO
Surface antigen ( HbsAg) for hepatitis B
Antibody to hepatitis C
HIV antibodies for subtype 1 and 2
serology test for syphilis

Other test:
Variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease(v-CJD)
CMV
HIV nucleic acid test( P 24 antigen)
Malaria
Filaria etc.





CONDITIONS IN THE DONOR
THAT LEAD TO DEFERRAL
YOU SHOULD NOT GIVE BLOOD IF :
Already given blood in last 12 weeks
Have a chesty cough , sore throat or active cold sore
Currently taking AB / have just finished the course with in last
7 days / have had infection in that last 2 weeks.
Have had a tattoo / semi permanent makeup or cosmetic
treatments that involves skin piercing in last 4 mnths
Had acupuncture in the last 4 mnths
Member of ur family has suffered with CJD
Ever received human pituitary extract
Have received blood or think have received blood during the
course of any medical treatment or procedure anywhere in the
world since 1
st
january 1980

YOU MAY NOT BE ABLE TO GIVE BLOOD IF:
You have had a serious illness or major surjery in the past or
currently on medication.
You have had complicated dental work
In contact with infectious disease or given immunsation in last 4
wks
Presently on hospital waiting list or undergoing medical tests
Do not weigh over 50kg
For women :
during pregnancy
after delivery for 1 yr
when lactating
during menstrual period and 7 days thereafter
Travel abroad
West Nile virus



YOU SHOULD NEVER GIVE BLOOD IF :


You have ever had :
SYPHILIS
HTLV ( human T-lymphotropic virus)
Hepatitis B & C
Having sex with more than 1 partner
Intravenous drug abuse
THANK YOU