Multiphase star rectifier

For larger (>15kW) output power.

Harmonics and fundamental component.
Filter size decreases with the increase of
harmonics.
Q phase filter has fundamental component
of qf frequency.
Also known as star rectifier.
May be considered as q
single-phase half-wave
rectifier.
K-th diode conducts during the
period when the voltage of k-th
phase is greater than that of
other phases.
The conduction period of each
diode is 2/q.
Primary must be delta
connected to compensate the
dc component flowing through
secondary windings.
(1) ..... sin sin ) ( cos
/ 2
2
/
0
/
0
q
q
V t
q
V t d t V
q
V
m
q
m
q
m dc
t
t
e
t
e e
t
t t
= = =
}
(2) .....
2
sin
2
1
2 4
2 sin
2
) ( cos
/ 2
2
2 / 1
/
0
2 / 1
/
0
2
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

=
}
q q
q
V
t t q
V t d t V
q
V
m
q
m
q
m rms
t t
t
e e
t
e e
t
t t
Assuming a cosine wave from /q to 2/q, the average o/p voltage is.
Output rms voltage is,
If the load is purely resistive then peak current through the diode is
I
m
= V
m
/R and the rms current through a diode is,
2 / 1
/
0
2 2
) ( cos
2
2
(

=
}
q
m s
t d t I I
t
e e
t
(Integrating over the whole period, 2)
R
V
q q R
V
q q
I I
s m
m s
=
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
2 / 1 2 / 1
2
sin
2
1
2
1 2
sin
2
1
2
1 t t
t
t t
t
V
s
is the rms voltage of a transformer secondary
Three phase bridge rectifiers
Full-wave rectifier.
Gives six-pulse ripples on
the o/p voltage.
Conduction sequence of
diodes are,
12,23,34,45,56,61.
The pair of diodes which
are connected between
that pair of supply lines
having the highest line-to-
line instantaneous
voltage will conduct.
Line to line voltage,
p ij
V V 3 =
Average o/p voltage,

}
=
6 /
0
) ( cos 3
6 / 2
2
t
e e
t
t d t V V
m dc
m m
V V 654 . 1
3 3
= =
t
(V
m
is the peak phase voltage)
Rms o/p voltage,
2 / 1
6 /
0
2 / 1
6 /
0
2 2
4
2 sin
2
3 . 6
) ( cos 3
6 / 2
2
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

=
}
t
t
e e
t
e e
t
t t
V t d t V V
m m rms
m m m m
V V V V 6554 . 1
4
3 9
2
3
2
3
.
4
18
12
18
6
2
sin
4
1
2
6 / 18
2 / 1
2 / 1
=
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

+ =
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
t t
t t
t
For purely resistive load, peak diode current,
R V I
m m
/ 3 =
Rms diode current,
2 / 1
6 /
0
2 / 1
6 /
0
2 2
2 sin
4
1
2
2
) ( cos
2
2
. 2
(
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

=
}
t
t
e
e
t
e e
t
t
t
t d t I I
m r
m m
I I 5518 . 0
6
2
sin
2
1
6
1
2 / 1
=
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
t t
t
Rms value of transformer secondary current,
2 / 1
2 / 1
6 /
0
2 2
6
2
sin
4
1
6 . 2
4
) ( cos
2
4
. 2
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
(

=
}
t t
t
e e
t
t
m m s
I t d t I I
m m
I I 7804 . 0
6
2
sin
2
1
6
2
2 / 1
=
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
t t
t
Where I
m
is the peak secondary line current = peak diode current,
R V I
m m
/ 3 =
3-phase bridge rectifier with RL
load
t V E Ri
dt
di
L
ab L
e sin 2 = + +
3
2
3
for sin 2
t
e
t
e s s = t t V v
ab ab
81) - (3 ... ) sin(
2 ) (
1
R
E
e A t
Z
V
i
t
L
R
ab
L
+ =

u e
Where load impedance ( )
2
1
2 2
) ( L R Z e + =
and load impedance angle
. tan
|
.
|

\
|
=

R
L e
u
The constant A
1
can be found from the initial condition: at
. ,
3
1
I i t
L
= =
t
e
( )( )
( )( )
( )( )
e
t
e
t
e
t
u
t
u
t
u
t
3
1 1
3
1 1
3
1 1
3
sin
2
3
sin
2
3
sin
2
L
R
ab
L
R
ab
L
R
ab
e
Z
V
R
E
I A
e A
Z
V
R
E
I
R
E
e A
Z
V
I
(

|
.
|

\
|
+ =
=
|
.
|

\
|
+
+
|
.
|

\
|
=

( )
( ) ( )( )
( )
( )
82) - (3 . . .
3
sin
2
sin
2
3
sin
2
sin
2
3
1
3
1
R
E
e
Z
V
R
E
I t
Z
V
i
R
E
e e
Z
V
R
E
I t
Z
V
i
t
L
R
ab ab
L
L
R
t
L
R
ab ab
L

|
.
|

\
|
+ + =

|
.
|

\
|
+ + =
|
.
|

\
|

e
t
e
t
u
t
u e
u
t
u e
. ) 3 / ( ) 3 / 2 (
1
I t i t i
L L
= = = = t e t e
Under steady-state condition,
( )
( )
( )
83) - (3 . . . 0 I for
) 1 (
3
sin sin
2
) 1 (
3
sin sin
2
1
3
sin sin
2
) 1 (
1
3
3
1
3
2
3
3
2
3
1
3
2
3 3
2
3 3
2
3
1
>

|
.
|

\
|

=

|
.
|

\
|

=
|
|
.
|

\
|

(
(

|
.
|

\
|
=
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
R
E
e
e t
Z
V
I
R
E
e
e t
Z
V
I
e
R
E
e t
Z
V
e I
L
R
L
R
ab
L
R
L
R
ab
L
R
L
R
ab L
R
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
e
t
u
t
u e
u
t
u e
u
t
u e
Which after substituting in eq (3-82) and then simplifying, gives
( )
( )
84) - (3 ... 0 and 3 / 2 /3 for
) 1 (
3
sin
3
2
sin
sin
2
3
3
> s s

(
(
(
(

|
.
|

\
|

+ =
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|

L
L
R
L
R
ab
L
i t
R
E
e
e
t
Z
V
i
t e t
u
t
u
t
u e
e
t
e
t
Rms diode current can be found from above equation as,
2 / 1
3
2
3 /
2
) (
2
2
(

=
}
t
t
e
t
t d i I
L r
Rms o/p current is the combination of rms current of each diode.
r rms
I I 3 =
Effects of source and load
inductance
. angle
n commutatio called is which time some for conducts diodes
both and equal are D3 and D1 of voltage anode is Result
. is to due voltage o/p time same At the
. becomes o/p and of L1 across voltage
induced and resulting decreases, current The
. D through flows still and equal are and at
2
1 1
1
1

t
L bc L bc
L ac L L
d
dc bc ac
v v v v
v v v v
i
I v v
=
+ = +