The art of constructing the building for

residential, business and other purposes,

systematically according to plan and design is
known as building construction.
In the subject building construction
elementary knowledge of different building
techniques is given to students for
understanding
To make them conversant with the building
techniques so that they can execute
construction work of building construction
safely according to design.
To provide good knowledge of working
equipments used in construction of building
To provide ability in them to distinguish
between good and bad work.
To develop ability in them to organize and
execute construction work of building with
various agencies like contractor, consultant and
client.

Any structure constructed of whatever so
material and used for residential, business
and other for other purposes is called
building.
It includes foundation, plinth, walls, floors,
roofs etc. It provides permanent shelter to
peoples.
It may be noted that tents, tarpaulins shelter
are not considered as building.
The primary object of building is to provide
shelter to peoples.
To provide sufficient accommodation for the
purpose of which it is constructed.
To provide sufficient protection against heat
and glare of the sun.
To provides protection against thieves and
house breakers.
It should be situated at good building site
It should be properly planned and designed
to provide adequate provision for relaxation,
recreation, cooking, dinning, bathing etc.
All rooms of building should be properly
placed according to their relative utility.
It should be properly orientated so as to
provide physical comforts such as entrance of
fresh air
1. Foundation:- It is the lowest part of building
which is in contact with soil also and
responsible for transferring the super
imposed or upper load of building directly to
soil.
2. Superstructure:- The part of building above
ground level is called superstructure.
o Residential buildings
o Educational buildings
o Institutional buildings
o Assembly buildings
o Business buildings
o Industrial buildings
o Storage buildings
The site of building generally effects its
planning, design and construction.
The selection of site depends upon the
purpose for which the building is to be
constructed.
Following factors must kept in mind for
selection of a site for building
a. Level of the site
b. Climatic condition
c. Sub-soil conditions.
d. Availability of modern amenities.
e. Availability of other facilities.
f. Surroundings.

the art of placing a building in such a
position so that its front faces a particular
direction is called orientation of building.
following objects should be considered for
good orientation.
to place the building so as to suit its
surrounding.
to provides natural comforts to peoples.
to protect the residents from dust nuisance.
Surrounding of site.
Availability of road or street.
Sun path and its relative positions.
The direction and intensity of wind.
Intensity of rain.
The supply of outside air into or the removal of
inside air from the rooms of different buildings is
called Ventilation of building. Following objects
are considered for good ventilation.
To provide constant freshness of air by replacing
foul air with fresh air in the rooms of building.
To remove the unpleasant odor due to humidity.
To check the breeding of bacteria by continuous
change in air.
Natural Method:- In this method ventilation is
provided generally by fixing doors and
windows in the opposite walls of building.
Artificial Method:- In this method, ventilation
of building is done artificially by providing
either exhaust fans or pushing fans.