ZONA TAMBAHAN DAN

ZEE
PROGRAM PASCA SARJANA
UNIVERSITAS HANG-TUAH
SURABAYA

Dhiana P, SH, LLM, PhD
CONTIGUOUS ZONE (ZONE
TAMBAHAN)
Perkembangan konsep CZ
Pengertian CZ
The breadth of (Lebar) CZ
Legal status CZ
Hak dan Kewajiban Negara
Pantai
PERKEMBANGAN KONSEP
CZ
Berasal dari Hovering Acts dari
UK yang mencegah
penyelundupan pada jarak 24 mil
ke arah laut bebas
1736-1876belum ada prkatek
negara2 bhw lebar laut teritorial
adalah 3 mil (cannon ball theory)
Dispute Spains v. British early
nineteenth century Spains
objected on the seizure of British
ship within the six-mile Spanish
custom zone
Custom zone 3 miles---UK 24
miles (kelebihan)

Continued
3-miles custom zone
recognize, subject to
two exceptions:
Doctrine constructive
presence utk melepas
prisoners
Doctrine of Hot-
Pursuit pengejaran
ssorg yg melanggar
hukum

PENGERTIAN CONTIGUOS
ZONE
IS A ZONE OF SEA
CONTIGUOUS TO AND
SEAWARD OF THE
TERRITORIAL SEA IN WHICH
STATES HAVE LIMITED
POWERS FOR THE
ENFORCEMENT OF CUSTOMS,
FISCAL, SANITARY AND
IMMIGRATION LAWS
THE BREADTH OF CZ
Negara tidak wajib u/
menentukan CZ seperti
halnya TS
Berbeda dengan CS, CZ
tidak secara otomatis
diberikan kepada negara
pantai
Negara harus dg aktif claim
CZ hanya 1/3 negara
pantai yg claim CZ
24 mil dari baselines
(article 33 (2) LOSC)
LEGAL STATUS OF CZ
LOSC: CZ is part of ZEE
TSC 1958: CZ is part of High Seas
LOSC: inclusion of both enforcement and
legislative jurisdiction dalam hal2 ttt


Article 33 of LOSC
1. In a zone contiguousto its
territorial sea, described as
the contiguous zone, the
coastal state may exercise
the control necessary to:
Prevent infringement of its
customs, fiscal, immigration or
sanitary laws and regulations
within its territory or territorial
sea
Punish infringement of the
above laws and regulations
committed within its territory or
territorial sea
PERKEMBANGAN DAN
EVOLUSI ZEE
EEZ Concept of Recent Origin
Historical roots lie in the trend
since 1945 to extend the limits of
coastal state jurisdiction ever
seaward Truman Proclamation
Put first time by Kenya to Asian-
Africal Legal Consulatative
Committee in Januari 1971 dan ke
UN Sea Bed Committee in 1972
Gain support both from
developing and developed
countries
RATIONAL PENTINGNYA
ZEE
EEZ is a reflection of the
aspiration of the developing
countries for economic
development and their desire to
gain greater control over the
economic resources off their coast

Compromised between states
claiming 200 nm EEZ and
developed states

Exploration and exploitation of
natural resources mainly
economic
PENGERTIAN ZEE
No obligation to claim EEZ
Is a zone extending up to 200
nautical miles from the baselines,
within which the coastal state
enjoys extensive rights in relation
to natural resources and related
jurisdictional rights, and third
states enjoy the freedom of
navigation, overflight by aircraft
and the lying of cables and
pipelines

BATAS ZEE
The inner limit of EEZ is the outer
limit of the territorial sea
The outer limit of EEZ shall not
extend beyond 200 nautical miles
from which the breadth of the
territorial sea is measured.
Thus, negara bisa claim ZEE
kurang dari 200 nm jika
menghendaki
LEGAL STATUS ZEE
EEZ must be regarded as
separate functional zone of a sui
generis character, situated
between the territorial sea and
the high seas
The sui generis legal character
has the following elements:
Rights and duties of coastal states
Rights and Duties of other states
HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN
NEGARA PANTAI DI ZEE
Non-Living resources
Other economic resources (ps. 56
LOSC)
Construction of artificial islands
and installations
Marine scientific research
Pollution control


HAK DAN KEWAJIBAN
NEGARA LAIN DI ZEE
Navigation
Overflight
Laying of submarine cables and
pipelines