LOS SURVEY

Types of LOS Survey:-

1. Backbone Survey
2. Access Survey

Inter- City routes - Backbone

Backbone routes are planned at Lower Frequency Bands
2, 6 and 7 GHz Frequency Bands are used
Backbone routes are normally high capacity routes
Nominal Hop Distances 25 40 Km

Backbone Survey
Following Points to be Consider During Survey:1. First Plot the Coordinate on SOI Maps and marks the critical
points and verify it on field and provide data to your coordinator.
2. Collect the Lat/Long of Both Ends
3. Feed the both Lat/Long in GPS in WGS-84 Datum.
4. Before Start Tracking the route ask the Terrain from local
people regarding Man-Made Structure as Chimneys, Power
Grid Towers, NTPC Plants or other such factories.
5. Its help you to take into consideration these structure because
these could be very critical in Backbone Links if you miss it.
6. Always take the exact Lat/Long of these Structure which is very
Helpful for Transmission Planner.

contd.

7. Keep Tracking the Tree Height on the whole Path.

8 For path Length more than 20km you should collect at
least 5-6 cross points at the interval of 3-5km.
9. The Route Shouldnt be tracked by GOTO option in GPS
where as first make a route in GPS that shows the LOS
Line on Navigation Page in GPS.
10. This page helps you to see your LOS always on your
GPS plus the direction and the distance how far you
from the LOS.
11. Overall keep your eyes and mind open when go for
Backbone Survey.

Path profile for a Back bone link

160
140
120

96.5

83.4 100
80
60
40
20
11 M 0

28 M

10

BELMURI
LATITUDE 22 56 12 N
LONGITUDE 88 08 53 E
AZIMUTH 323.24 DEG.
ELEVATION 11 M AMSL
ANTENNA CL 83.4, 73.4 M AGL

15

20

25

PATH LENGTH 46.61 Km

FREQUENCY=2400 MHz
K=0.66, 0.66
% F=30.00, 20.00

30

35

40

45

BURDWAN
LATITUDE 23 16 25 N
LONGITUDE 87 52 32 E
AZIMUTH 143.13 DEG.
ELEVATION 28 M AMSL
ANTENNA CL 96.5, 86.5 M AGL

Obstruction height Table

DISTANCE (Km)

ELEVATION (M)

OBSTRUCTION HEIGHT (M) AG

0.00

11.2

5.00

10.0

15 T

10.00

12.0

20 T

15.00

12.0

15 T

20.00

15.0

15 T

25.00

20.0

18 T

30.00

24.0

15 T

35.00

25.0

15 T

40.00

26.0

22 T

45.00

20.0

15 T

46.61

28.0

Antenna Height Drawings

96.5M
83.4M
93.2M

84.2M

80.2M
8

86.5M

73.4M
0
.
70.2M 2

55M
48M
55 M

50 M

50.0M

52.6M
41.9M

29.96 Km
PARULIA

74.2M

MANKAR

100 M

35.33 Km
BURDWAN

85 M

46.61 Km
BELMURI

85 M

50 M

43.75 Km
9.75 Km
HOWRAH CALCUTTA

Tower Height Calculation

Tower Height Calculation :

Th = Ep + C + OH + Slope Ea

C = B1 + F

Slope = (( Ea Eb) d1)/ D

F = 17.3 ((d1xd2)/f X D) -1/2

B = (d1 x d2) / (12.75 x K )

Where,
Th = Tower Height
Ep = Peak / Critical Obstruction
C = Other losses
B1 = Earth Buldge
F = Fresnel Zone
OH = Overhead Obstruction
Ea= Height of Site A
Eb= Height of Site B
d1= Dist. From site A to Obstruction
d2= Dist. From site B to Obstruction
D = Path Distance
f= Frequency
K= 4/3

Ea

Ep

d1

Eb

d2

Points consider for Repeater Location

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Always try Repeater Location should be near to any Town

or Road side.
Repeater Location should be Reachable.
The Land shouldnt be disputed or government land.
The Electricity should be available at or near to
Repeater side.
The Repeater should be planned in such a way so that
in future that side converted to BTS side for revenue.
It best to planned repeaters on SOI maps first before
start searching the repeater location on field.