Training Seminar

On

INDUSTRIAL AUTOMATION
PRESENTED BY:
Chandramaul Sen
Electrical Engineering
3611605

Introduction to Organisation
Advance Technology, Chandigarh
Advance Technology, Chandigarh is an ISO 9001:2008 Certified Company
deals in the field of Hardware Development, Embedded Products
Development, Security & Surveillance and Engineers Training Programs.
Advance Technology offer various Technical Education solutions, Products
& Development tools to Engineering colleges, Universities, research
organizations.

Advance Technology has developed a number for private as well

government organizations.

 The

PLC is an assembly of solid state digital logic

elements design to make logical decisions and provide
outputs.
PLC is programmed interface between input sensor
&output device.

Applications :

Machine controls, Packaging, Material handling, similar Sequential

task as well as Process control

Advantages of PLC :

They are fast and designed for the rugged industrial environment.
They are attractive on Cost-Per-Point Basis.

Disadvantages of PLC :

PLC one time cost is high

PLC hold only one copy of program.

Central

Processing Unit (CPU)

Input Modules
Output Modules
Power Supply
Bus system

 It

is a micro-controller based circuitry. The CPU

consists of following blocks :
Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU), Program memory
Process image memory (Internal memory of CPU)
Internal timers ,counters and Flags .
CPU performs the task necessary to fulfill the PLC
functions. i.e. Scanning I/O bus traffic control, Program
execution,
Peripheral
and
External
device
communication, data handling and self diagnostics.

These modules act as interface between real-time status of process

variable and the CPU.

Analog input module : Typical input to these modules is

4-20 mA, 0-10 V

Ex : Pressure, Flow, Thermocouple (mV)

Digital input module : Typical input to these modules is 24 V DC,

115 V AC, 230 V AC

Ex. : Switches, Pushbuttons, Relays, pump valve on off status

Output module
These

modules act as link between the CPU and

the output devices in the field.

Analog output module : Typical output from

these modules is 4-20 mA, 0-10 V

Ex : Control Valve

Digital

output module : Typical output from these

modules is 24 V DC, 115 V AC, 230 V AC

Ex. : Solenoid Valves, lamps, Actuators, Pump

valve on off control

COST
INPUT VOLTAGE
ON-STATE INPUT VOLTAGE RANGE
AMBIENT TEMP RATING
INPUT DELAY
NOMINAL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
MAX O/P CURRENT
ELECTRICAL ISOLATION

RELAY
1-More wiring

PLC
1-Less wiring

2-Changes difficult

2-Changes easy

3-More power

3-Low power

4-More maintenance

4-Solid state reliability

5-Difficult to expand

5 -Easy to expand

 Sense

the Input
Process the Logic
Give Output

Inputs

CPU

Outputs

Ladder Diagram
Function Block Diagram
Sequential Function Chart
Structured Text Language

It is a set of rules for data transmission when

PLC is connected to network
RS-232 (Recommended standard)
RS-485
MPI(Multi point Interface)
Ethernet

 It

is a purely software package that is positioned on

top of hardware to which it is interfaced, in general
via Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs), or other
commercial hardware modules.

SCADA systems are used not only in industrial

processes: e.g. steel making, power generation
(conventional and nuclear) and distribution, chemistry,
but also in some experimental facilities such as nuclear
fusion. The sizes of such plants are range from a few
1000 to several 10 thousands input/output (I/O) channels.

One

distinguishes two basic layers in a SCADA system: the "client layer"

which caters for the man machine interaction and the "data server layer" which
handles most of the process data control activities.
The

data servers communicate with devices in the field through process

controllers. Process controllers, e.g. PLCs, are connected to the data servers
either directly or via networks or field buses that are proprietary (e.g. Siemens
H1), or non-proprietary (e.g. Profibus).

Hardware Architecture

Increase Efficiency
- Minimize Fault Response Time
- Reduce Planned Downtimes
- Isolate and Precisely Locate Faults

Maximize Profitability
- Reduce Failures / Unplanned Downtimes
- Reduce Operations Overhead
- Reduce Manpower Requirement
- Maximize (Achieve Expected) Equipment Life Time

Maximize Safety
- Public Safety
- Site Safety

 Cost

is high to install and maintain.

Additional system failure modes and can
be a security loophole.

Thank You