PLANNING EDUACATIONAL

CAMPUSES

REPORTED BY:
ORILLO, JAYMAR
PORLAY, MARETSHAM
BSA 4-A

PLANNING EDUACATIONAL CAMPUSES

Campus Development Plan, the following Design Principles
and Guidelines are intended to impart an understanding of the
specific objectives and design intentions that contribute to:
1.
2.
3.
4.

the qualities of the physical environment,

a unity of visual character,
a unique sense of place, and
the activities that are encompassed on the campus.

In providing guidance to those involved directly or indirectly

with the development of the campus
its master plan, area or precinct plans, landscaping, new buildings and other
structures, renovations, maintenance, security, way-finding, service, and
utilities
a coherency of purpose and direction will be achieved that will result
in an efficient, safe, and visually attractive campus environment.

General Goals
A campus is expected to be:
1. Respectful of its heritage and design traditions culturally meaningful,
humane in scale, urban in character, and harmonious in material and
detail.
2. Functionally efficient and logically organized in accommodating a
variety of needs and users.
3. Pedestrian oriented, safe, user-friendly, and easily accessible to the
disabled person.
4. Visually attractive and enjoyable, both day and night.
5. Landscaped sensitively and supportive of specific places and needs.
6. Climatically responsive and environmentally responsible; a model of
sustainable principles and best practices.

Design and Planning Objectives

1. Context and Perimeter Conditions of the Campus:
A successful university campus embraces the physical context in which it
resides, understands the various forces that shape its edges and mold its core,
and incorporates community representation and constituencies into its planning
processes. To foster successful interactions with all who use it, the campus
should simultaneously convey unity in its visual appearance with a sense of
adventure and discovery.
The campus should be cohesive in its organization while remaining open and
inviting at its perimeter.
By design and landscaping, primary entry points to the campus should
convey and celebrate a sense of arrival for members of the campus
community as well as for visitors.

Design and Planning Objectives

2. Land Use and Organization:
A. Academic buildings on the main campus should be clustered
with appropriate adjacencies (density) and within a
maximum ten-minute walking distance of each other (
mile).
Exceptions should be limited to facilities that primarily
support research and/or graduate/professional studies.

Design and Planning Objectives

2. Land Use and Organization:
B. Following the primary east-west, north-south grid of the original
pattern of streets that preceded the campus expansion, the campus
development is fundamentally rectilinear in character with clearly
defined edges, pedestrian movement, and major open spaces.
Pedestrian movement should be accommodated by logical
circulation patterns, linking entry points at the campus perimeter and
entrances of buildings and other destinations.
A critical part of the circulation system is the continuity of public
interior spaces of academic buildings with primary campus circulation
paths, courtyards and plazas. Each new project should reinforce
primary and secondary circulation routes.

Design and Planning Objectives

2. Land Use and Organization:
C. Continued emphasis will be given to the deeply rooted heritage of area
and the historically significant structures and landscapes of the campus.
Essential to this character and aesthetic is the continued development of a
series of exterior rooms or courts, representing the areas tradition of
planning and design.
The physical environment should embody a clear understanding and
application of passive climate control methods to create comfortable
outdoor rooms, as well as the judicious use and celebration of water.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
A. Pedestrian Systems
Building design and adjacent landscaping should reflect a commitment to both
pedestrian movement and repose.
A hierarchy of pedestrian pathways should reflect the basic intensities of demand
while providing a continuity of movement that includes the interior public spaces
of the campus buildings.
The design of the pedestrian network including sidewalks, paths, courtyards,
plazas, building entrances and lobbies should maximize the opportunities of
chance encounters and encourage lingering and communication.
Compromises to the pedestrian circulation system should be considered
only for code-dictated fire and rescue vehicle access and essential delivery
and service vehicles.
Toward that end, pedestrian movement systems are to be carefully integrated in
all building design and site planning decisions.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
B. Vehicular Access and Parking
Vehicular movement, in so far as possible, will be restricted to the perimeter of
the main campus.
Structured parking should also be located at, or adjacent to, the campus
perimeter.

Additional parking may be located at remote lots supported by bus

shuttle service.
In all instances, parking structures and lots should be effectively landscaped
to mitigate the visual impact.
Vehicle and service routes into the main campus will generally be
perpendicular to pedestrian circulation patterns to minimize interaction.
A strategically located fire/service/delivery vehicle route is intended to
penetrate each quadrant of the campus.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
C. Bicycles, Skateboards, and other Small Wheeled Means of Conveyance
To encourage the use of bicycles by commuters to campus, a continuous network of
dedicated bicycle lanes at the campus perimeter, directly linked with the regional
system, is desired. In many instances, designated bicycle lanes should also be provided
along vehicular and service access routes that penetrate into the primary academic
core of the campus.
For reasons of safety, minimizing both bicycle automobile and pedestrian-bicycle
conflicts in the campus circulation plan is the highest rank or importance.
Proper lighting, signage, sight lines, paving materials, and level changes should be
carefully considered for bicycle movement and parking areas.
Primary storage areas needed for bicycles used by commuters should be located
adjacent to, or at the termination, of primary bicycles routes. These may be
positioned at the perimeter of the academic core, near building entrances, as well
as adjacent to automobile parking lots.
In addition, bicycle storage areas should be integrated with parking structures
and residential living halls. Designated storage should consist of several types,
including large areas to accommodate 50 to 100 bicycles and smaller areas that
can accommodate 10 to 15 bicycles.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
C. Bicycles, Skateboards, and other Small Wheeled Means of Conveyance
bicycle lanes
Low plantings, berms, and walls

designed and located and with a maximum height of about three feet will
provide appropriate screening without compromising safety.
For reasons of security, the bicycle storage areas should be visible from
highly trafficked pathways and observable from nearby interior spaces.
As with bicycles; skateboards, scooters, and rollerblades provide an
alternative means of commuting to campus, and are sometimes used in
conjunction with other modes of transportation.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
D. Transit
Building site selection and orientation should not compromise transit system
access to strategic pedestrian queuing locations on the perimeter of the
campus.
transit drop-off points should correspond to highly developed
pedestrian entrances to the campus.
Shuttle routes around the campus should be linked to city and
regional transit systems.

Design and Planning Objectives

3. Movement and Circulation:
E. Service, Delivery, and Refuse
Building design and site planning must accommodate the need for limited access
for service and delivery vehicles.
The use of bollards at key entry points will also permit service and safety
vehicle access on appropriately designed and constructed pedestrian
pathways.
Service, delivery, and refuse areas should move or go into an area that is
desired limits
as little as possible on the pedestrian realm of the campus, visually and
physically.
Views of loading docks, trash dumpsters, and service vehicle parking should
be obscured(not visible to public) by screen walls and/or vegetation.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
A. Large Open Spaces
To accommodate a variety of active and passive recreational opportunities,
large open spaces on the main campus should be preserved.
The inclusion of water collection, storage, and distribution systems for
the re-use of storm water is encouraged.

B. Pedestrian Corridors, Plazas, Courtyards, Terraces, and Building

Entries
Pedestrian circulation and human experiences are enhanced by carefully planned
and executed exterior landscaped rooms and corridors, both formal and
informal.
The continuity and linkages of exterior space are expected to correspond
directly with primary the entrances and circulation systems of buildings (as
well as parking structures).
A hierarchy of open spaces including courtyards, plazas, terraces, and
balconies respond well to user needs and the climate of area.
These spaces should be designed to support a variety of intended
purposes, from informal recreation to small group and individual
passive activities and leisure.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
C. Public Art and Water Features
open spaces provide exceptional opportunities for the successful integration of public
art within the public realm of the university.
The campus landscape including its exterior spaces and rooms is an
important aspect of civic art, providing a unique and memorable sense of place.
specific enhancements that may be provided by public art projects should
be carefully considered within the context of the specific site and its special
character, three dimensional form, history, and current/future uses.
The visual presence of water in this arid region imparts important symbolic and
psychological benefits to users of the campus.
As public art, thoughtfully designed fountains and other water features
provide critical elements in the open space framework of the campus.
Designers should consider possible sustainable practices by
incorporating rainwater harvesting and reuse, as well as gray-water
recycling in the planning and design of campus water features.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
D. Site Furniture and Pedestrian Paving
seating benches, tables, railings, trash receptacles, bike racks, etc which
contribute to the visual appearance of the public realm.
These elements should durable, relatively simple in style, inviting,
comfortable, and consistent with the overall character of the landscape.
Paving materials also contribute to the aesthetic quality and character of
courtyards, plazas, terraces, and walkways.
Theme patterns of specific campus districts should be maintained and/or
enhanced with respect to the historical context and adjacent architecture.
Care should also be given to ensure appropriateness of paving design and
selected materials to the needs of handicapped and visually impaired.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
E. Lighting, Illumination and Fixtures
Considerations for exterior lighting design should include basic illumination, energy
consumption, and compliance with local dark sky ordinances.
So that safety and security are not compromised, glare and sharp contrasts in
the lighting of exterior spaces should be minimized.
With well-designed lighting, the landscape of the campus can achieve
heightened drama and varying subtlety compatible with particular spaces and
uses during the evening and night-time.

As lighting fixtures are visually evident during daylight hours, selection of

fixtures and standards are also important elements of the campus landscape.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
F. Plant Materials
Landscape plantings may be used to frame views, announce entries, obscure or
screen undesirable aspects, and strengthen way-finding while also providing
texture, seasonal color, and fragrance.
Landscape plans should be designed to temper wind and extreme
temperature conditions on the campus.
lawns provide pleasant and visually attractive areas for students to relax and
meet.
To provide summer shade, trees should generally be located at the
perimeter of lawns, along with the placement of benches and seat walls
at these edges.
To minimize water consumption, residual areas and spaces that are
not intended for human activity should be landscaped incorporating
drought tolerant plant materials.

Design and Planning Objectives

4. Open Space and Landscape:
G. Signage and Graphic Information
Graphic information systems should be carefully designed and integrated as part of
the campus landscape and architecture.
Primary entrances and gateways to the campus should identify this transition
with integrated signs that contribute to the design of the particular civic space
and public realm.
Other signage and graphic information should be located for ease of way
finding.
Not with standing, special attention should be given to avoid duplication,
excessive size, or proliferation of signage that may contribute to visual
clutter(cover) of the campus landscape.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON

TO BOTH CAMPUSES

SCALE AND PROPORTION

BUILDING SITING
FORMS
MATERIALS
FENETRATIONS

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
SCALE AND PROPORTION
The scale and proportion of a building impacts
the sense of place within the campus.
New buildings and additions should
acknowledge surrounding context, but
recognize and establish human scale.

The design of the building should take

into consideration how the design affects a
person standing at the face of the structure
as well as the buildings materials can all
influence how the building scale is
examine.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
BUILDING SITTING
Care should be taken to site the building in a way that creates a positive
connection between the building and pedestrian paths, for it must be
remembered that on an essentially pedestrian campus most building visitors will
arrive on foot.
The building should acknowledge the setback or alignment of adjacent
buildings. Adjacent buildings should also be studied in regard to their entry
locations, potential for shared plaza and/or entry arrangements, and for
the development or enhancement of outdoor spaces and spaces between
buildings.
The location of building service entrances also deserves special
consideration.
The view from and to existing campus landmarks should also be analyzed
and incorporated when sitting a new building.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
FORM
The form of the building can greatly impact the texture of its area of
campus. A consistent form used throughout a specified area provides a
cohesive, identifiable appearance to that area.
The roofline, proportion and visual mass of the building affect the
overall form.
By using similar building forms, a high degree of unity between
buildings on the campus can emerge, even among buildings of
differing architectural style.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
MATERIALS
The materials from which structures or landscape elements are constructed
can have a significant effect on the image the campus projects.
Defining a palette of appropriate building materials, including their
colors, can allow a designer freedom of expression, yet establish a unity
among campus buildings.

FENESTRATION
Care should be taken when considering the fenestration of both new buildings
and additions to or renovations of existing buildings.
New buildings should be considerate of existing structures in their visual
vicinity, while building additions and renovations should take their theme
largely from the original buildings.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
HEIGHT
The campus is populated by low-rise (2-3 story) to medium-rise (7-10
story) buildings.
This is appropriate to the urban forest setting and the perceived
density of the historic center of the campus.
All new buildings will be a minimum of 4 stories tall, and parking lots
will be replaced by parking structures in order to use land more
efficiently.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
MONUMENTAL OR FABRIC
enhance the concept of a family of buildings, i.e., that the collection of buildings,
considering all variations of style, size, function, and age, should share a common visual
vocabulary and appear related without stifling architectural innovation.
However, there is a place for, indeed, a need for the occasional monumental building to
give focus or visual delight within an area of the campus.

Monumental buildings are those which occupy prominent positions, such as at the end
of a quadrangle, or a major axis, or a corner of the campus (ex. Center for Public
Broadcasting).
The massing and architectural details of these buildings should belong to the campus
family but may be more dramatic in keeping with their function and location.
Fabric buildings, in contrast, are visually subordinate, require less detailing, and whose
massing can be simpler. However, these buildings should still be fine and handsome in
appearance.

DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS COMMON TO

BOTH CAMPUSES
ENTRANCES
A feature of older structures is the clarity of where the entrances are. Whether
a symmetrically balanced faade or an asymmetrical design, the entrances
were obvious, either through prominent appendages/attachments (a thing that
is added or attached to something larger or more important) or dramatic
recesses and overhangs.
Many of the modern buildings on campus subordinate the entrance
within the geometry and massing to the degree of its being difficult to
locate.
Entrances should be prominently defined as part of the architectural
statement of the faade.

LANDSCAPE DESIGN GUIDELINES

The intent of these landscape guidelines is
to achieve a high level of quality in the
design of landscape treatments while
maintaining an order and structure to the
campus, cultivating visual diversity; and
providing a conceptual framework for a
distinct campus identity.

LANDSCAPE DESIGN GUIDELINES

Landscape objectives include:
A pedestrian campus which prioritizes its open spaces.
New campus gathering places of varying character that are harmonious with the
scale of existing surroundings.
Physically identifiable and pleasing presence of the campus upon arrival.
Extension of the indigenous landscape and recreational uses of the adjacent park
system into the campus.
Inclusion of native plantings (especially those which acknowledge the seasons) and
shade and water elements.
Appropriately lit exteriors which support night-time activities and promote
security.
Support for security concepts: natural surveillance, natural access control and
natural territorial reinforcement.

LANDSCAPING OF GATEWAYS
enhance and beautify the landscape treatment at the appropriate locations to create
significant gateways commensurate with a major university and create a memorable front
door image. Gateways should be appropriately scaled.

Major Gateways
Major vehicular gateways shall be appropriately reinforced with landscape and
architectural features to signify entrance and arrival. Gateway walls, documentation,
graphics, and colors shall massing, and alignment. Consideration shall be given to view
corridors, alignment, points of reference, and screening where appropriate.
Portals
Portals, entry points to the campus less significant than gateways, shall be appropriately
reinforced with landscape and architectural features to signify entrance and arrival. Portal
walls, documentation, graphics, and colors shall be in scale with a major institution but
also in scale with the surrounding community. Landscape elements shall be simple in
arrangement, massing, and alignment.
Consideration shall be given to view corridors, alignment, points of reference, and
screening where appropriate. Portal size shall strike a balance between vehicular and
pedestrian scale. Materials and color for Portals shall be uniform and consistent
throughout campus.

LANDSCAPING OF CAMPUS STREETS

Establish structure and clarity for vehicular circulation routes by utilizing
consistent landscape treatment on the internal circulation routes and on the
approaches to the campus, existing and proposed. Landscape treatments shall
reinforce vehicular corridors, and shall project a campus image in the streets
surrounding the campus.
Internal campus streets shall have a single row of regularly spaced
canopy trees along both sides of the street continuing for the entire
length of the street.

The ground plane shall be predominantly sod grass covered), with low maintenance
groundcovers or native shrub areas at special points or entrances, if appropriate.
Walkways shall border both sides of the street.
Work within an overall
conceptual framework
for development of
landscape elements on
the campus. Establish a
street tree planting based
on a hierarchy of street
types. Reinforce and
extend current street tree
planting program.
Coordinate street
landscape treatments
with walks, lights and
signage.

LANDSCAPING OF OPEN SPACES

There exist on campus a large number of spaces that vary considerably in size,
condition, formality, and significance. Some have been formally identified as named
spaces, others are known by association with surrounding buildings or streets, and
others are proposed for future development within recent master planning exercises.
This section establishes landscape treatments for various open space typologies, based
upon the following categories of campus structure:
Quadrangles, Courtyards, Plazas
Pedestrian Nodes
Pedestrian malls
Campus Greens
Athletic Fields
Planting Areas Around Buildings

LANDSCAPING OF OPEN SPACES

1. COURTYARDS
Landscape treatment shall utilize walkways that parallel and define the boundaries of
the courtyard.
Simple, open, grass areas and tree massing shall
reinforce the open space. Plant groupings can be
formally or informally spaced, but the overall treatment
shall re-enforce qualities of space and place within the
courtyard. Individual landscape treatment of buildings,
as they abut the courtyard, shall reinforce the totality of
the courtyard and its special sense of place. Features
such as fountains, monuments, sculpture, and special site
furniture can occur at selected intersections of walkways
and expanded pavement areas.
Pedestrian lighting, street furniture and signage shall
also complement and reinforce the sense of a unified
open space. Courtyard landscape treatments shall set
them apart from Pedestrian Malls. Courtyards shall also
include seating areas for informal study and shall
provide areas of sun and Shade.

LANDSCAPING OF OPEN SPACES

2.PEDESTRIAN MALLS
A Pedestrian Mall is a significant linear pedestrian
promenade. It accommodates a significant volume of
pedestrian traffic and functions as a major collector and as a
major linear open space. At significant intersections and
connecting points, the Pedestrian Mall shall be highlighted
with an expanded plaza, which will serve as a focal point
and meeting place. Significant features include regularly
spaced, large canopy trees of a single species forming a
shaded esplanade flanking an expansive lawn. Landmarks
shall be considered as terminal to the Mall.
The mall shall be detailed with special pavement and/or
accent banding to provide interest and pedestrian scale. The
materials selected shall be elegant, simple and timeless. The
placement of benches, pedestrian lights and landscape shall
reinforce the linear aspects of the mall. The mall design
should facilitate strong directional movement.

LANDSCAPING OF OPEN SPACES

3.PEDESTRIAN NODE
Where there is a major confluence of pedestrian traffic, a pedestrian node shall
celebrate the intersection as a special meeting place and point of reference.
The pedestrian node shall function as an oasis characterized by a dominance of
paving and tree canopy.
Consideration shall be given to landscape treatments which are more urban in
character, such as tree pockets, seating and special features, e.g. specimen plant
material, fountain, kiosk, etc. Coordinate with Campus walks, lights, and
signage.

4.CAMPUS GREENS
Campus Greens shall have a completely different character than the structured
organization of quadrangles and malls. Literally parks, the Greens are informal open
space corridors that meander through Campus in park like settings. Large drifts of tree
massing shall define and reinforce
Greens edges screen out adjacent uses and generally create a very naturalistic
open space/park area that is in sharp contrast to the rest of the campus.
Flowering trees and a variety of plantings shall emphasize an arboretum-like
display. Large, expansive lawns shall offset and complement large areas of shade
and canopy.
Walks shall be naturalistic and meander through the Greens.

LANDSCAPING OF OPEN SPACES

5.ATHLETIC FIELDS
If feasible, athletic fields shall be located and organized to reinforce vistas into
campus and views of landmark buildings.
The fields shall consist of large grassed areas defined by ample massing of
trees.
The planting of trees between and around fields shall create large, outdoor
rooms that scale down expansive open space.
Landscaping shall also buffer and transition the fields from parking lots and
building zones.
Fields shall be integral with the Campus open space framework of shaded
pedestrian walks. Coordinate with Campus walks, lights, and signage.